• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2001

The Bethesda System (TBS) was first developed in 1988 for the need to enhance the communication of the cytopathologic findings to the referring physician in unambiguous diagnostic terms. The terminology used in this reporting system should reflect current understanding of the pathogenesis of cervical/vaginal disease so the framework of the reporting system should be flexible enough to accommodate advances in medicine including virology, molecular biology, and pathology. Three years after the Introduction of TBS, the second Bethesda workshop was held to set or amend diagnostic criteria for each categories of TBS. TBS 1991 is now widely used. The third Bethesda workshop, The Bethesda System 2001 Workshop, was held in National Cancer institute Bethesda, Maryland from April 30 to May 2, 2001. Again, the goals of this workshop were to promote effective communication and to clarify in reporting cervical cytopathology results to clinicians and to provide with the information to make appropriate decisions about diagnosis and treatment. Nine forum groups were made and there were Web-based bulletin board discussions between October, 2000 and the first week of April, 2001. On the basis of bulletin board comments and discussions, the forum moderators recommended revised terminologies in the Workshop. Hot discussions were followed after the presentation by forum moderators during the workshop. Terminologies confusing clinicians and providing no additional informations regarding patient management were deleted in the workshop to clarify the cervicovaginal cytology results. Any informations related to the patient management were encouraged to add. So 'Satisfactory for evaluation but limited by...' of 'Specimen Adequacy' catergory was deleted. Terminology of 'Unsatisfactory' was further specified as 'Specimen rejected' and 'Specimen processed and examined, but unsatisfactory'. Terminologies of 'Benign Cellular Change' and 'Within Normal Limits' were combined and terminology was changed to 'Negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy'. In General categorization, category 'Other' was newly inserted and the presence of 'Endometrial cells' in women over 40 years old can be checked. Although the category 'Benign Cellular Change' was deleted, the organisms or reactive changes of this category can be listed in the descriptive diagnoses. Terminologies of ASCUS and AGUS were changed to atypical squamous cell and atypical glandular cell, respectively. Diagnostic term of 'Adenocarcinoma in situ', which is highly reproducible with reliable diagnostic criteria, was newly Inserted. The category of hormonal evaluation was deleted. Criteria for liquid-based specimen were discussed. Reporting by computer-assisted cytology was discussed and terminology for automated review was newly inserted. This is not the final edition of Bethesda 2001. The final document can be prepared before the ASCCP meeting in which Consensus Guidelines for the Management on Cytology Abnormalities and Cervical Precursors will develop in September 2001.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.89-100
• /
• 2014

Corporations continue to make a lot of efforts to provide more competitive services as the focus of industry is migrating from products to services. This study aims to shed new light on the potential values of the sense for service innovation through design and propose the workshop methodology for deriving sense-based product and service concepts. To this end, this study investigated the literatures related to the product and service innovation cases based on the conventional idea workshop and sense and also the value of sense. Moreover, it systematized the methodology that established the perspective of sense to the conventional idea workshop methodology. To verify the established methodology, this study extracted the elements to be modified and supplemented from the workshop methodology through the previous case studies. As a result of the study, it was possible to verify the validity as to the sense-based idea workshop methodology and reflect the opinions as to the improvement direction. Consequently, this study is regarded meaningful for proposing the approach of a new perspective as to the sense. Also, this study is deemed meaningful for proposing and verifying the specific idea workshop methodology for the approach hereof.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.433-443
• /
• 2021

Value Engineering(VE) is an organized effort to create the most value through a functional analysis and creation of alternatives. Depending on the VE job plan, a VE Workshop must be performed in a certain place within a certain period of time. A VE Workshop, which is an organized activity that aims to create the best value through functional analysis and creation of alternatives, should be held in a certain place and at a scheduled time according to the VE job plan. In the Pre-Study, VE Study and Post-Study phases of VE, functional assessments, performance evaluations and idea evaluations are driven by variable management techniques and analysis methods, respectively. Generally, VE is executed for about 3 to 5 days in a particular place to create value. However, there are many problems associated with limiting all VE processes to a specific place and schedule. Moreover, in Korea, VE teams are required to finish all VE processes in a limited time because of the short duration of VE workshops, the necessity of which has been overlooked. Therefore, an efficient VE support system is required to resolve the problem of time and space limitations. In this study, a VE support system based on the Mobile environment was developed to support the VE Workshop process. This VE support system enables participants to review design documents, drawing sheets and all VE-related documents using mobile devices. After the Workshop, participants can conveniently rearrange the result(evaluation of function and ideas) at the workshop. Not only can the members of VE team can review the design documents, drawing sheet and all VE-related documents in the step before the workshop, but also the result(evaluation of function and ideas) of the workshop can be easily rearranged in the phase after the workshop under the developed supporting system using mobile devices.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.566-570
• /
• 2004

• Journal of Technology Innovation
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.29-48
• /
• 2012

As the complexity and uncertainty of social and economic systems increase, the strategic foresight that actively and effectively responds to the environmental changes becomes important. A wide range of future forecasting methods are available for strategic foresight. Selecting one of the methods depends on several factors such as availability of time and financial resources and the objectives of the exercise. Although trend extrapolation analysis has been used for many years, scenario planning is being widely used by government and corporate as a tool for strategic decision making in recent years. Generally, scenario planning is carried out through workshop, in which experts with diverse backgrounds exchange information, views, and insights and integrate the diverse viewpoints. However, only a small number of experts can participate in a workshop and citizen opinion is not easily transformed into the policy for the scenario exercise due to the limitation of budget and short duration of a project. It is also much harder to develop creative ideas in the workshop because of the limited time and space. In this study, a new scenario process combining scenario workshop and wiki is proposed to overcome the limitation of scenario workshop. This combined approach can be more productive than using scenario workshop alone when developing new ideas. In this study, we applied the combined approach to develop scenarios for the strategic foresight of future media and present suggestions for improving the process.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.147-166
• /
• 2006

This study investigates the effect of misplacement in a written Computer-delivered ESL Placement Test (CEPT) context. The study aims to address the following two research questions: a) which scoring rubric features cause the misplacement of ESL learner's writing scores? and b) which scoring rubric features improve ESL learner's writing scores? Thirty-four international examinees took the test and participated in surveys at the University of Illinois. Twelve examinees of them attended the CEPT workshop test. In the workshop test, they carried out self-evaluation on their first essays using a scoring rubric and compared with expert raters' results. After the workshop, the examinees responded to a survey and interview. For the first research question, the results of the survey and interview addressed that the majority disagreed with the raters' rating results. The self-evaluation results also indicated that their misunderstanding of organization feature caused the misplacement. For the second question, the CEPT workshop scores were improved due to the score improvement in the organization feature while the contribution of other features to the total scores was little. Most of the examinees pointed out that a lesson on the scoring rubric enhanced their understanding of the writing features of the rubric so that their placement scores were generally improved.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.23-30
• /
• 2011

Even though the existing urban residential district was obsolete and out of date in respects of physical environment, it is maintaining the function of dwelling. It ends up being regenerated as a viable urban residential district when improved the dwelling environment. Therefore, the government has been planning for the residential improvement projects for those areas applying for innovative ideas. But the government programs have often been troubled with people in the process of executing the projects or making a plan. In this respect, two parties couldn't communicate freely about the problem of those areas. So, the problematic issues of the areas should be shared with local residents at the beginning of decision making and the process of workshop participating local residents will be needed for understanding the standpoint of the residents. This study is to explore the potential of residents participating workshop to figure out current problems of the urban residential district in the process of executing the residential improvement project of Nakyang residence area in Sangju city. Upon investigation residents participating workshop is very practical in making a plan, but needs positive participation by resident and a decision making system dealing with the information shared and the understanding gained by participants.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.33 no.10
• /
• pp.748-755
• /
• 2011

After the Industrialization of 1960s, while it has greatly contributed to the industrial development owing to acceleration of mechanization, but it is real situation that the countermeasure to noise damage generating at the loud noise workshop is scarcely made. Especially, the machine noise made at factory and workplace is so shocking and repeatedly reiterating terrible noise that most of the spot workers are forcedly imposing such dangers as the severe unpleasant feeling and hearing impairments. On such point of view, this research has attempted to extract the proper rating vocabulary in order for evaluation on machine noise made at the high noisy workshop, therefore it is considering that those extracted vocabularies could be utilized as the useful psycho-acoustic experiment for evaluation on machine noise, also for establishment of regulation standard in domestic high noisy workshop.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.139-163
• /
• 2014

This research aims to analyze the reciprocal relation between 'history from below' and archives and to set forth the overall tides of records management in England. For the Study, the articles published in the History Workshop Journal were analyzed. They used public records and private records such as newspapers, diaries, letters and oral records. Consequently Various kinds of community archives have recently flourished in England and endeavour is being made to expand the horizon of records management by TNA. This can be assessed as a new sort of soil for the history from below.

• Anxiety and mood
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.155-161
• /
• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of a single-session, positive psychology-based, strength-enhancing workshop for psychiatrists. The program is composed of lecture about positive psychology and workshop activities for identifying and utilizing character strengths. Methods : A total of 42 psychiatrists participated in this study. The program consisted of a lecture about positive psychology and workshop activities for identifying and utilizing character strengths. Results of a positive resources test, given before and after the session, were used to assess changes in the personal positive resources of the participants as a result of the program. Results : We noted significant increases in participants' satisfaction with life, positive affect, gratitude, acceptance, positive and cognitive emotion regulation, orientation of life, growth, spirit, autonomy, social support, and care factors after completion of the program. On additional analysis, spirit and care scores of female participants's were significantly increased than male participants's. Conclusion : The findings are meaningful in verifying the efficacy of a short-term intervention to improve psychiatrists's positive resources.