• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.24-34
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• 2017

Nail art is a kind of nail painting or decoration that adds to the beauty. Throughout making nail art, the worker was on a dusty operation with the smoothing of chemicals and nails. People working at nail shops not only use a variety of chemicals, but also experience a lot of fine powder during the process of nail trimmings. While drying the chemical adhesive, the workers often complain of eye, nose and throat discomfort. In addition, the acrylic brush is characterized by a lot of smell when washed with washing solution. Also nail art workers directly influence the worker's breathing through the work done by placing the guest's hands in a work space called a nail table. Chemical ingredients used in nail art procedures include acetone, ethyl acetic acid, toluene, butyl acetic acid, glue, and top coating of nail varnishes. Prolonged inhalation of these substances may cause dizziness, vomiting, as well as impaired respiratory system. The purpose of this study is to investigate the respiratory symptoms of nail shop workers who are likely to be affected by work in nail shop and to find out which factors have the greatest influence if they have respiratory symptoms. Therefore this study is to provide basic data on the health management system of people engaged in nail shop and to develop health education program. For this study, the data collection was collected on July 7, 2017 for the nail shop workers attending the nail art trend seminar held in Gwangju, in Korea. The data were all 236. However, except for the poor data, 208 data were used for the final analysis. The questionnaire consisted of 30 in general questions, questions about self-efficacy in 24 questions. elf-efficacy measuring tool developed by A.Y, Kim, I. Y, Park(2001). The self-efficacy questionnaire consists of 24 items and is self-reported 7-point Likert scale. The reliability of this tool was cronbach alpha = .934.The collected data were analyzed using spss 18.0. Information of Research participant performed frequency analysis. To examine the effects of personal characteristics on self-efficacy, $X^2$ analysis was conducted. And also $X^2$ analysis was conducted to analyze the coughing symptom appearance according to individual and environmental factors. A hierarchical regression analysis was used to determine which of the personal and environmental factors influenced cough symptoms.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.122-126
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• 2012

$Al_2O_3$ 2 wt%가 도핑 된 ZnO(AZO) 타겟으로RF 스퍼터링 장비를 사용하여 $H_2/(Ar+H_2)$ 가스 비율에 따른 AZO 박막을 증착 후, 이들 박막의 특성을 조사하였다. AZO 박막은 $200^{\circ}C$, $2{\times}10^{-2}$ 공정조건에서 $H_2/(Ar+H_2)$ 가스 비율을 변화시키면서 증착하였다. AZO박막증착 중 수소가스의 첨가는 박막의 특성에 영향을 미쳤다. $H_2/(Ar+H_2)$ 가스 비율이 2.5 %일 때 비 저항(${\sim}9.21{\times}10^{-4}\;{\Omega}cm$)과 전자 이동도(${\sim}17.8\;cm^2/Vs$)는 각각 최소값과 최대값을 나타내었다. $H_2/(Ar+H_2)$ 가스 비율이 2.5 % 이상일 때는 $H_2/(Ar+H_2)$ 가스 비율이 증가할수록 비저항은 점차로 증가하였고 전자 이동도는 점차적으로 감소하였다. 전자 운반자 농도는 $H_2/(Ar+H_2)$ 가스 비율이 증가함에 따라 0 %에서 7.5 %까지 점차로 증가하였다. $H_2/(Ar+H_2)$ 가스 비율에 따라 증착된 박막의 가시광선 파장 범위에서 평균 광 투과도는 90 % 이상이었고 성장방향은 [002]이었다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in self-leadership and job involvement based on the education levels, majors, and teaching experiences of multicultural family home-visit instructors and the influence of self-leadership on job involvement. Methods: 668 home-visit instructors participated in the online survey from 140 multicultural family support centers in Seoul, 6 metropolitan cities, 9 provinces, and other cities and counties. Data were analyzed through frequency, percentages, Pearson's correlations, one-way ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ post-hoc test, and stepwise multi-regression using SPSS 21.0. Results: The main findings are as follows. First, instructors who were high school graduates had significantly higher scores in self-leadership than the other groups. There was only a significant difference in self-reward of self-leadership based on their majors. There were no significant differences in job involvement based on the education level and major. The greater their home-visit teaching experiences, the higher their scores in self-leadership and job involvement. Second, the stepwise multiple regression model showed that self-expectation, self-goal setting, constructive thinking, and rehearsal of self-leadership explained 49% of the total variance in job involvement. Conclusion: Even though the high school graduates had significantly higher scores in self-expectation, rehearsal, and constructive thinking of self-leadership than the other groups, over-generalization should be avoided because the sample size was relatively small. Based on the finding that greater home-visit teaching experiences was associated with higher self-leadership and job involvement, it would be necessary to improve working condition to prevent instructors from changing jobs. These findings stress the importance of providing opportunities for home-visit instructors to develop leadership, thus improving job involvement.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.769-778
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• 2017

본 논문은 동일대역 전이중 통신(In-band Full-Duplex: IFD) 방식에 필요한 RF/아날로그 영역에서의 자기간섭 신호의 제거회로를 설계하고, 이를 이용하여 FM 변조 신호를 송신하면서, 동시에 수신 신호의 FM 복조가 가능하도록 설계했다. 서큘레이터(circulator)를 이용하여 단일 안테나 방식으로 송수신을 동시에 가능하게 했다. 수신 회로에는 송신으로 인한 자기간섭 신호 제거를 위해, 송신 신호를 탭핑하여 벡터 변조기(vector modulator)로 위상과 크기를 제어한 후, 수신 신호에 포함된 자기간섭 신호를 제거하였다. 자기간섭 신호의 제거를 위하여 채널변화에 따른 최적의 위상과 크기를 능동적으로 제어해야 한다. 이를 위해 동위상과 직교위상 아날로그 상관기를 이용하여 송신 신호와 수신측 자기간섭 신호의 상관 계수를 구하여 상관 계수가 최소가 되도록 제어회로를 구현하였다. 무전기 모덴 칩은 SA58646을 사용하였고, 반송파는 465 MHz 주파수에 12.5 kHz 대역폭을 가지는 FM 변조신호를 사용하였다. 안테나 포트 출력 파워가 17.2 dBm일때, 모뎀 입력단에 수신되는 자기간섭 신호가 -49.2 dBm으로 측정되어 SIC(Self Interference Cancellation) 레벨은 66.4 dB로 측정되었다.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.89-100
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• 1997

토목구조물의 동적해석 뿐아니라 공용상태 구조물 기초의 변형해석을 위해서는 지반의 신뢰성 있는 비선형 변형특성 평가가 매우 중요하다. 변형특성 평가를 위한 현장시험으로는 저변형률 하에서 지반의 탄성계수를 결정할 수 있는 크로스흘시험이나 중간변형률 영역에서 변형률 크기에 따른 탄성계수 결정이 가능한 공내재하시험이 사용되나 전 변형률 영역에서의 탄성계수 변화를 측정하지 못하고,,하중주파수의 영향,구속압의 영향 등을 엄밀히 평가하지 못하는 단점이 있다. 공진주/비틂전단시험과 같은 실내시험에서는 저변형률 및 중간변형률을 포함하는 전변형률 영역에서의 탄성계수 측정이 가능하나 불교란시료의 채취와 시료의 대표성 확보가 매우 어려운 단점이 있다. 따라서 보다 엄밀한 현장지반의 변형률 크기에 따른 탄성계수 결정을 위하여는 각각의 실내시험과 현장시험에서의 신뢰성 있는 변형률 측정범위, 작용되는 응력의 크기, 시험이 수행되는 하중주파수 차이 등을 효과적으로 결합하여 사용하여야 한다. 본 논문에서는 지반의 비선형 변형특성을 현장 및 실내시험 결과를 효과적으로 결합하여 사용하는 방법을 제시하고, 화강풍화토 지반에서 현장시험으로 크로스흘과 공내재하시험을, 실내시험으로는 공진주/비틂 전단시험을 수행하여 현장지반의 변형특성을 결정하고, 각 시험법들의 장.단점과 신뢰성 있는 시험범위를 검토하였다. 마지막으로, 현장지반의 비선형 변형특성 평가 절차를 제시하였다.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제12권1권
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• pp.1-40
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• 2005

This study investigated the relationship among home care nurses' perception of ethical values and conflicts and job satisfaction. The subjects of the study were 257 home care nurses working at 101 institutions involved in home care practice, the data were collected between December 28, 2004 February 14, 2005. The instruments were perception of ethical values, ethical conflicts, and job satisfaction and it was revised by the author. The reliability of Cronbach's a was .74, .93, .85, respectively. SAS 8.0 program was used to analyze the data, and frequency, percentage, unpaired t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff\`{e}$ test, and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient were calculated for data analysis. Followings are the results of the study: The scores of home care nurses' perception of ethical values were average 3.8points (5points scale). There was no significant difference between the groups according to general characteristics such as age (P=.001), religions (P=.001), ethical standard (P=.018), and current job satisfaction (P=.000). The scores of home care nurses' ethical conflicts were average 2.9points (5points scale). There was significant difference according to pay (P=.008) and employment status (P=.001) of general characteristics; conflicts was showed to go up with higher pay and temporary employment status. The scores of home care nurses' job satisfaction were average 3.3points (5points scale). There was significant difference among the groups according to age (P=.023), pay (P=.001), job career of home care (P=.030), and current job satisfaction (P=.000) of the general characteristics. There was significant positive correlation between subject's perception of ethical values and ethical conflicts (P=.004) and perception of ethical values and job satisfaction (P=.005). However, ethical conflicts and job satisfaction (P=.772) showed negative correlation, but it was not significant. With the results, home care nurses showed firm perception of ethical values and relatively higher job satisfaction. However, they showed ethical conflicts regarding the lack of administrative support and dignity of human life. In conclusion, It requires some alternative measures to solve the ethical conflicts and to enhance job satisfaction of home care nurses through the support in policy, continuous ethics education, rewarding system, and introducing laws to protect individual home care nurses.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.34-61
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• 1998

A study on cooperative medical treatment system between oriental and western medical practitioners was conducted from March through August 1997 in order to determine a productive model of cooperation of two medical parts for treatment of patients. Questionnaires were distributed to 195 medical doctors(M.D.) and 195 doctors of oriental medicine(O.M.D.) working in clinics and hospitals in six major cities. Statistical analysis tools used for this study were frequency, t-test and multiple regression by using SPSS/P.C package. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The respondents were composed of male docotors(78%) and female doctors(22%) and 68.2% of M.D. and 97% of O.M.D. were interested in the other medical part. The doctors of both disciplines had some limitation on treatment of patients but they were reluctant to refer their patients to other doctors in different discipline. 2. M.D assumed that oriental medicine was more effective for chronic diseases, and O.M.D. thought that western medicine was more effective for acute diseases. 92.3% of O.M.D.s responded that even though they do not utilize western medical technology for diagnosis, they believed the results of diagnoses by western medical technology. 3. 60.5% of O.M. and 93.3% of O.M.D. said that cooperative medical treatment system could be necessary for patients and it would be effective for control of diseases and 69% of western medical doctors and 99% of oriental medical doctors agreed that oriental medical practice would be more effective for cerebellar vascular accidents than other diseases. 77.4% of western medical doctors and 92.3% of oriental medical doctors responded that the students of two different disciplines have to be taught on the other disciplines. 82.6% of western medical doctors and 83.3% oriental medical doctors agreed that it would be necessary to have collaborative research between scientists in two disciplines. 81.5% of M.D.s and 93.3% of O.M.D.s believed that they had prejudice and distrust on other discipline 4.90% of the doctors were not satisfied with the government medical policies on health insurance, legal matters, and health delivery system. 5. 75.4% of M.D.s and 50.2% of O.M.D.s said that two medical disciplines should be integrated, but they were skeptical on that. 75.3% of M.D.s thought that western hospitals should employ O.M.D.s Finally this study recommended that western medical students study oriental medicine and the vice versa, and M.D.s and O.M.D.s should have seminars and workshops to exchange knowledge, and experiences. It is also recommended that medical laws be revised to allow medical doctors refer the patients whom they can not handle to oriental medical doctors and the vice versa.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.287-302
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• 2000

The purpose of the study are to examine the perception of the importance and performance of patient education of the clinical nurse and find out the interfering factors in practicing patient education. The data were collected from convenient sample of 256 clinical nurses working in the nursing units of adult patients except the psychiatric unit, obstetric unit, dental surgical unit and intensive care unit of one University Hospital in Seoul from September 29 to October 2, 1998. Three measurement tools of self-report- questionnaires developed by researcher used. For the content validity of the questionnaires, two sessions of panel discussion and a pilot test were done and finally factor analysis was done with Varimax method. Analysis of data was done with SAS program using frequency, percentage, means, standard deviation, Pearson's Correlation Coefficients, t-test and ANOVA. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The surveyed nurses perceived the importance of patient education at higher level with mean score of 4.08 among 5 point than their perception of practice( mean score : 3.42). 2. There was positive significant correlation(r=.29, p=0.0001)between nurses' perception of the importance of patient education and it's practice 3. Among the teaching contents for patients, 'information of diagnostic procedure and operation' and 'orientation of hospitalization' were perceived most important. And 'preparation for discharge' and 'understanding of disease and health promotion' were perceived least important 4. Among the teaching contents for patients, 'orientation of hospitalization' and 'information of diagnostic procedure and operation' were perceived highly performable. And 'understanding of disease and health promotion' and 'preparation for discharge' were perceived least performable. 5. Three types of interfering factors were identified as patient-factor, situational factor, nurse-factor. The mean degree of impediment with the interfering factors was at average level(3.09 among 5). The patient and situational factors of impediments were more interfering than nurse- factor for teaching patients. 6. In older age(p<.05), married state (p<.05), higher educational status (p<.01), higher clinical experience (p<.01) and higher position(p<.01), the score of perceived importance of patients education was more high. 7. In older age(p<.01), higher clinical experience(p<.001) and surgical unit (p<.01), the score of perceived performance of patients education was more high. In conclusion, in order to activate patient education practice in the clinical setting, the continuing education for patients education should be more emphasized and the effective teaching methods and materials should be developed to help patient teaching. And an organizational support such as budgeting for patient education and reimbursement system should be administrated.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.296-304
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• 2007

간호조무사들의 역할변화와 함께 이들의 직무만족도와 직무만족도에 미치는 요인 또한 변화하였을 것이므로 새로운 변화에 맞는 직무만족도 조사가 필요하다. 이 연구는 간호조무사들의 직무만족도를 평가하고, 직무만족도에 영향을 주는 요인을 규명하여, 의료기관의 효율적 운영과 인력관리 그리고 의료서비스의 질적 개선과 간호조무사 개인의 직무만족도를 높이는 방안을 탐색하기 위하여 수행되었다. 대구광역시에 소재하는 종합병원 2곳, 대학병원 4곳에 근무하는 간호조무사 291명을 대상으로 직무만족도와 관련요인을 조사하였다. 교대근무 및 근무 장소에 따른 직무만족도에서 교대근무를 하지 않는 군이 하는 군에 비해 업무만족도가 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 근로조건만족도는 교대근무를 하는 군이 안하는 군보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 의료기관만족도와 사회적만족도는 두 군 간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 근무 장소에 따른 만족도에서 직무만족도는 병실근무자가 가장 낮았으며, 근로조건만족도는 외래 근무자가 가장 낮았다. 의료기관만족도는 근무 장소에 따른 차이가 없었으며 사회적만족도는 병실근무자가 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 간호조무사 업무 종사이유 여부에 따른 만족도는 이유가 있는 군이 이유가 없는 군보다 업무만족도가 유의하게 높았다(p<0.01). 간호조무사 업무 종사 이유에 따른 직무만족도에서 적성에 적합한 군의 업무만족도가 가장 높고 타 분야 취업이 곤란해서라는 군이 가장 낮았으며 두 군의 차이는 유의하였다(p<0.05). 이직 경험 유무에 따른 직무만족도는 이직한 적이 없는 군이 있는 군에 비해 업무만족도가 낮았고(p<0.05), 근로조건만족도는 이직한 적이 있는 군이 만족도가 높았다. 전직의사를 갖고 있는 정도에 따른 직무만족도는 전직의사가 없는 대상자가 업무만족도가 가장 높고 전직의사가 매우 높은 대상자가 업무만족도가 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 교대근무자 즉, 병실근무자의 직무만족도가 현저히 떨어지고 동료 및 상사의 관계가 직무 만족도에 미치는 영향을 고려할 때 교대근무제도의 개선과 간호사와 간호조무사간의 원활한 업무협조를 통한 직장 내 직무 만족도 향상방안을 마련하여 간호조무사가 자신의 업무에 보람을 느끼고 능률적으로 직무에 임함으로서 양질의 의료서비스를 국민들에게 제공할 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.355-369
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• 2011

본 연구는 치과기공사의 호흡기 질환의 자각증상과 관련되는 작업요인을 알아보기 위해 서울시, 경기도 지역의 치과기공사 300명을 대상으로 설문조사 데이터를 SPSS WIN 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 그 분석결과 연구 대상자의 평소 기침 호소율은 성별, 현재 흡연유무, 총 기공경력, 주당 근무일수 항목에서 유의한 차이가 있었고, 둘째, 연구대상자의 평소 가래 호소율은 주당 근무일수 항목에서만 유의한 차이가 있었다(P<0.05). 셋째, 연구대상자의 가래나 담이 지속되는 호소율은 주당 근무일수, 통증 증상 호전을 위해 필요한 조치 항목에서 유의한 차이가 있었고, 넷째, 연구대상자의 평소 코막힘, 코감기 호소율은 성별, 연령, 주당 근무일수, 업무 중 휴식시간 항목에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(P<0.05). 다섯째, 연구 대상자의 평소 숨참 호소율은 성별, 운동정도, 운동 평균시간, 주된 업무 항목에서 유의한 차이가 있었고, 여섯째, 연구 대상자의 폐질환 증상으로 인한 결근 경험율은 주된 업무 항목에서만 유의한 차이가 있었다(P<0.05).