• 한국안전학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.96-105
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• 1995

The better industry develops, the more spaces need but in the limited area. Most building become larger and more complicated if the more spaces need in the constant area. And this leads to do underground work in long period generally six(6) months for 6 basement stories due to the selection of TOP DOWN technique. Working environment in this underground area can be problems and should not be overlooked, because air quality in underground spaces become quickly worse. Recently, department name to control construction safety has been changed to ENVIRONMENT & SAFETY TEAM from SAFETY TEAM. This means that it is very important to control against environmental condition at site so much. Overall construction work as well as underground work should conform to the requirement of working environment, particularly against inhabitants around the construction area. Strut protection, one of earth protection method, in case to 40m long strut may become weaker due to thermal stress or its longitudinally compressive strain and the another one, earth anchor protection may not be applied to the site In case of encroaching on vertical underground borderline because of regulation to prohibit it. It is necessary that TOP DOWN technique should be introduced in order to solve the external and internal problem of the site such as difficulty level of the work, potential danger with excavating depth, and shortening workperiod. It is needed that improving way of working condition should be shown and simplified computer simulation program should be also provided for checking pollution level & ventilation, excluding of lighting problem here. Results measured with conformance to the Regulation for Working Environment Measurement, enforced by Ministry of Labor have been applied to the computer program developed here. Sample air taken at unit workplace which was considered as exposing condition of pollutant at breathing point and within a range of behavior of the workers, Identified exposing group in underground work, using Moded Flow Life Finally, three types of ventilation system, type I with blower & ventilator, type II natural supply with mechanical ventilation system, and type I mechanical ventilation with Drivent Fan Unit System are selected for this study.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.139-154
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• 2002

This study was conducted to examine to causes and symptoms of stress and factors influencing stress management of workers in beauty shops. 811 people who were working in the shops located in Daegu City and Kyungbuk Province were selected as subjects of this study. Data were collected from April 10, 2000 to July 10, 2000. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. According to general characteristics of the respondents, female was 90.8%. 42.1 % of them was in their twenties and 73.7% of them did not marry. 57.5% of the respondents grew up in big cities and 41.1% had no religion. 63.6% was graduated from junior colleges. 44.6% of them worked for below I year and 33.9% earned below four hundred and ninety thousand won per month. 55.8% of them was satisfied with their work aptitude, while 34.2% was not satisfied with it. In the case of satisfaction level with working environment, ‘common level’ was 46.3%, while 12.8% of them was unsatisfied with it. In the case of stress level by factors of stress related to working, male was higher (9.34 $\pm$ 2.38 points). Those who grew up in towns or villages and those who belonged to the middle class showed high stress level. Those who married and those who graduated from high school also displayed high stress level. It also appeared that monthly income influenced the stress level related to working.. The extent of stress level influencing physical causes appeared in order of health condition, education level, sex, satisfaction level with work aptitude, economic status, and working hours. The extent of stress level influencing whole organizational level appeared in order of satisfaction level with work aptitude, working hours, education level, health condition, and sex. The extent of stress factors influencing depressed feeling of stress symptom appeared in order of working hours, sex, amount of smoking, absence due to stress, age, health condition, and education level. The extent of influencing factors on active stress management appeared in order of satisfaction level with work aptitude, health condition, size of the shop, drinking, sex, and the number of day off. The extent of influencing factors on avoidable stress management appeared in order of age, absence due to stress, drinking, health condition, and sex.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2010

VDT는 Video Display Terminals의 약어로 시각 표시 단말기를 뜻한다. 최근 핵의학과에 VDT가 대량 보급되면서 점차적으로 사용자들이 늘어남과 동시에 사용 기간이 급증함에 따라 VDT 증후군에 관심이 높아지고 있다. 본 연구는 서울대학교병원 핵의학과를 대상으로 VDT 유해 요인 평가 도구를 적용하여 그 실태를 조사하고 문제점을 발견하여 향후 개선에 관한 방안을 도출함으로써 VDT 증후군에 관한 의식을 정립하고 궁극적으로 예방하는 데 목적이 있다. 서울대학교병원 핵의학과를 본원 핵의학과, 소아 핵의학과, PET 센터의 3개 파트로 분류하고, 2009년 4월 한 달 동안 현재 근무 중인 방사선사 23명을 대상으로 근무 부서를 직접 방문하여 유해 요인을 평가하였다. 평가에 사용한 도구는 원진 노동환경건강연구소의 "VDT작업에 관한 체크리스트"를 적용하였고 VDT 작업 조건, 업무 책상의 조건, 의자의 조건, 키보드의 조건, 모니터의 조건, 작업 자세, 보건 관리 특성, 기타 작업 환경의 8개 부문, 총 55개 항목을 통하여 현장 조사 및 평가하였으며 이에 대한 분석 결과는 한림대학교 성심병원 산업의학과에서 검증하였다. 서울대학교병원 핵의학과의 VDT 작업 조건은 비교적 양호한 수준이었다. 책상의 경우 최근 도입한 경우에는 인체공학적 설계로 사용자에게 적합하였으나 기존 책상의 15%는 기준치에 미달하였다. 의자의 경우는 기준에 적합하였지만 노후화로 인하여 적정 기능을 상실한 것이 5%였다. 키보드는 98%가 기준에 적합하였고 모니터는 화면의 각도 조절은 모두 가능하였지만 위치 조절이 불가능한 것이 38%로 조사되었다. 작업 자세의 경우 부적절한 자세로 장시간 노출되는 경우가 10%였으며 일부 항목에서 기준에 적합하지 않은 것으로 조사되었다. 보건 관리 측면에서도 개선의 여지가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 조명과 온도, 소음, 환기 등 기타 작업 환경은 일부 항목에서 문제점이 발견되었지만 권고치를 충족하였다. 핵의학과 업무는 과거에 비하여 육체적인 업무는 줄었으나, 장시간 정적인 자세로 고도의 정밀도와 집중력을 요구하게 되었으며 이는 필연적으로 VDT 증후군을 유발하는 계기가 되었다. VDT 증후군은 앞으로도 지속적으로 발생할 가능성이 높으며 개선에 대한 경제적 비용이 상당하다는 점과 다양한 발병 요인을 내재하며 본인도 모르는 사이에 발생한다는 점에서 보다 구체적이며 효율적인 관리 체계가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 핵의학과의 VDT 증후군은 인체공학적 사무 환경의 개선, 업무 절차(procedure)의 개선과 업무의 효율화, 직원간의 협동작업(teamwork) 그리고 규칙적인 운동, 꾸준한 스트레칭 체조와 같은 사용자 스스로의 노력, 지속적인 관심과 작은 노력으로 충분히 개선될 수 있으며 적극적으로 예방할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 이것은 쾌적한 업무 환경속에서 사용자의 육체적, 정신적 상태를 최상으로 이끌고 업무 효율성의 증대와 함께 내부 고객 만족도 상승으로 이어질수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.31-69
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• 1996

The purpose of this investigation was to analyze stress distribution in implant supporting tissue according to different types of attachments such as combination bar attachment, Hader bar attachment, O-Ring attachment and Dal-Ro attachment that are used in mandibular overdenture by using two osseointegrated implants, to study the influence that POM IMC used in bar type attachment has in implant supporting tissue and compare the preceding analyses to find out an effective stress distribution method. Three dimensional photoelastic method was used to obtain the following results. (A) Analysis of stress distribution according to attachment type 1. Under vertical load condition, compressive stress was seen at implant supporting area of working side on all the photoelastic models but in Hader bar attachment tensional stress was seen at distal upper area of implant supporting area. Relatively Hader bar and O-Ring attachment showed even stress distribution pattern. 2. Under vertical load condition, compressive stress at implant apex area and tensional stress at implant lateral supporting area were seen at nonworking side of all models. 3. Under $25^{\circ}$ lateral load condition, general compressive stress was seen at working side implant supporting area in most of the models, especially at distal upper supporting area higher compressive stress concentration was seen in combination bar attachment and tensional stress concentration, in Hader bar attachment. 4. Under $25^{\circ}$ lateral load condition, compressive stress at implant apex area and tensional stress at implant lateral supporting area were seen at nonworking side of all models, except O-Ring model which showed compressive stress only. (B) Influence of POM IMC to stress distribution in bar type attachment 5. Under vertical load condition, better stress distribution pattern was seen at working side of combination bar and Hader bar attachment model using POM IMC. 6. Under vertical load condition, stress value was increased at nonworking side of combination bar attachment model using POM IMC and tendency of increasing compression was seen at nonworking side of Hader bar attachment model using POM IMC. 7. Under $25^{\circ}$ lateral load condition, better stress distribution pattern was seen at working side of combination bar attachment model using POM IMC but tendency of increasing stress was seen on working side of Hader bar attachment model using POM IMC. 8. Under $25^{\circ}$ lateral load condition, stress reduction was seen at nonworking side of combination bar attachment model using POM IMC but tendency of increasing stress was seen at nonworking side of Hader bar attachment model using POM IMC.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate the influencing factors of turnover intention in hospital paramedics. The factors included the job condition, job stress, and turnover intention. Methods: The subjects were 200 paramedics in hospital. Data were analyzed using frequency, t-test or one way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS WIN 20.0 program. Results: Job stress was 3.59 points; job condition, 2.96 points; turnover intention 3.64 points. When the job stress was high, the satisfaction with job condition was very low and the turnover intention increased. When the job satisfaction was high, turnover intention decreased. factors affecting the turnover intention were annual income, turnover frequency, workload, and working department, role conflict, and personal relationship. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish the job description of paramedics and improve the working condition in the hospitals.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2016년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.72-73
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• 2016

Working Posture is an important factor directly connected with quality and productivity of the construction project. In particular, High-rise building construction is required to manage the working posture due to the repetitive task and unfavorable working condition such as high place work, limited space. However existing construction planning of high-rise building construction has a negative effect on the labor's productivity because it is not insufficiently considered for working posture. Therefore the purpose of this study is to suggest a work that needs improvement by analyzing labor's working posture quantitatively using OWAS method. These results would provide the basic information to improve the productivity of the construction project by supporting the construction plan considering the working posture in high-rise building.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.62-73
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• 2022

This study investigates the working conditions of shift workers according to age group by analyzing the sixth Korean Working Conditions Survey's data. A total of 1,323 shift workers were extracted from the dataset. Three age groups (A: 20s-30s, B: 40s-50s, C: 60s and above) were statistically compared in terms of health problems, emotional hazard exposure, work-life imbalance, and satisfaction with working conditions. Elderly shift workers (those in their 60s and above) had significantly more severe health problems and work-life imbalance, greater exposure to emotional hazards, and lower satisfaction with working conditions than young shift workers (those in their 20s-50s). The study's findings reveal the characteristics of working conditions for elderly shift workers and would be useful for improving shift workers' quality of life, as well as safety and productivity in the workplace.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• 제35권
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• pp.19.1-19.5
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• 2023

There are several types of shift work in Korea: rotating shift, 24-hour shift, day-night shift, fixed night work, and.so on. As a result of analyzing the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the 6th Korean Working Condition Survey, Korean shift workers accounted for 11.6%-13.9% of wage workers. Weekly working hours of shift workers were 57.69 ± 1.73 (24-hours shift) and 49.97 ± 0.67 (fixed night shift), which were significantly longer than day workers. To prevent health consequences of night work, many countries regulate the working hours of night work not to exceed 7-9 hours a day. However, Korea does not regulate working hours for night work, and some occupations may work more hours than the prescribed overtime hours. To prevent health consequences and reduce working hours for Korean night shift workers, it is necessary to regulate the working hours of night shift workers by law.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.525-534
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• 2011

This paper describes the current status of musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs) and its ergonomic risk factors, including the preventive intervention in terms of the working conditions and health promotion among agricultural workers. Korean agricultural workers have been exposed to the poor working condition. They have suffered from a variety of work-related injury and diseases more than the general population or the other occupational group. MSDs are one of the most prevalent problems threatening the agricultural worker's health and quality of life. Low back pain, osteoarthritis of hip and knee joint and carpal tunnel syndrome are well known MSDs that was found easily and frequently among agricultural workers. MSDs are worsened by poor ergonomic working conditions such as heavy weight lifting, repetitive movement and awkward posture which involves squatting with long sitting work on the ground, long working hours and heavy workload which are inherent in the greater part of agricultural works. Even though Korean agricultural workers are very weak population in terms of occupational safety and health, no many studies were conducted in the past and no many social and institutional supports were provided sufficiently. We need more interests and efforts in agricultural fields to improve its working condition and to promote health status of agricultural workers.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1138-1147
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to grasp association with dental hygienists' job expectation through correlation between curricular subjects for the department of dental hygiene and job. Methods : It carried out convenience sampling of dental hospitals where are located in Capital Area, and then conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey targeting 274 dental hygienists who are working here. The statistical program was analyzed by using PSAW 18.0. Results : Research subjects' 60.2% experienced turnover. Its reason accounted for 31.7% with the working condition. As a result of examining difference in experience of turnover according to dental hygienists' individual characteristic and working form, the significant difference was shown in age, marriage, annual salary, working institution, and career. In consequence of confirming association between curricular subjects and job, the majority showed high correlation. However, the correlation with oral physiology, clinical dental hygiene, and dental clinics showed low correlation as the insignificant variable. Conclusions : As a result of this study, the high correlation between curricular subjects and job can be considered to reflect dental hygienists' job expectation. On the other hand, the working condition, professional sense, and turnover experience, which are factors related to dental hygienists' job expectation, were indicated to fail to meet job expectation.