• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.290-299
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among physical and psychosocial risk factors, mental health, and presenteeism of South Korean hairdressers. Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of data extracted from the 2014 Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS), conducted by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency. For the present analysis, 920 hairdressers were selected. Based on existing literature, a set of variables was chosen from the KWCS. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association among risk factors in working place, mental health, and presenteeism. Results: The prevalence of poor mental health and presenteeism was 45.1% and 36.0%, respectively. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that 'repetitive hand or arm movements,' were significant predictors of mental health (OR: 0.63, CI: 0.41~0.97), and 'role clarity' was a significant predictor of presenteeism (OR: 1.86, CI: 1.10~3.13). Conclusion: Based on these results, we suggest to improve the clarification of the role of hairdressers as a strategy to reduce their presenteeism.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.12 s.202
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• pp.219-230
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between the family strengths, mothers' self-efficacy, and their young children's teaming-related social skills and behavior problems. The subjects were the 217 children aged 4 to 6 years and their mothers at private child care centers in Seoul. The Family Strengths Scale and the Mothers' Self-Efficacy questionnaire were administered to the mothers. The teachers rated the learning-related social skills and problem behaviors of each child whose mother returned a set of Questionnaires. Analysis of variance revealed statistically significant differences in the family strengths according to the education level of the mothers. The mean the family strength score was higher for working mothers than for non-working mothers. The results of the test were statistically significant differences in the scores on the learning-related social skills and problem behaviors between boys and girls. The family strengths were positively correlated with the mothers' self-efficacy, and the learning-related social skills of the young children, while they were negatively correlated with problem behaviors.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.163-178
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• 1998

This study is to identify the influence of dual-earner couples' job related variables on marital satisfaction and quality of life. For the data set 228 dual-earner couples living in Pusan, Korea were chosen. The data were analyzed using M, SD, t-test, one-way ANOVA, scheffe test, and path analysis. The findings of this study are as follows; First, the level of marital satisfaction and quality of life are higher for husbands than wives. Second, for husbands, the level of marital satisfaction were differed by husbands' housework participation, husbands' support, and job satisfaction. Whereas for wives, the level of marital satisfaction were differed by husbands' house work participation, husbnand's job stressorors, and wives' employment motivation. Third, for husbands, the level of quality of life were differed by husbands' housework participation, husbands' support, job satisfaction, and husbands' job stressors. Whereas for wives, the level of quality of life were differed by income, husbands' support, job satisfaction, working hours, husbands' job stressorors, and wives' employment motivation. Fourth, for husbands, marital satisfaction, job satisfaction, and working hours have significant direct effect on quality of life. Besides, husbands' job stressors, and husbands' and husbands' housework participation, and job satisfaction are indirectly associated with quality of life.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.229-239
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• 2020

This paper examines the impact of gender on access to debt finance among Vietnamese enterprises. The paper investigates data and variables retrieved from the World Bank Enterprise Survey dataset using five Probit models. The regression results suggest that there exist more unfavourable debt financing conditions for women-led firms (WLF), measured as a lower probability of having loan applications fully approved. Firm's age, working sector, and perception of access to finance as a difficulty are found to have explanatory power on the discrimination. More importantly, the perception of debt finance as a difficulty or firms' level of confidence significantly explains the variance of the dependent variable of probability of loan approval, or gender effect would be more pronounced if the firm already has a low level of confidence. The paper also contributes in testing for the gender effect on Vietnamese enterprises from different sectors and scale, unlike other prior research papers focusing on specific sectors and/or small and medium enterprises only. The findings are highly useful for Vietnamese credit institutions to set out a specific business policy to attract more WLFs and help promoting gender equality in the working environment, especially in debt financing, which is often neglected in existing regulation and policy frameworks.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.891-898
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• 2001

This paper develops a master manipulator which can reflect a force from a slave manipulator effectively. It many have a big workspace, can represent a human operators manipulation perfectly, and is composed of a position control part, an orientation control part and an end effector control part. This paper also develops a graphic simulator using the Visual C++ and OpenGL in the Window operating system. It can be used to make a virtual slave manipulator and set a virtual working environment, and provide a visual information from a desired view point. A virtual teleoperation system is developed by connecting the developed master manipulator to the graphic simulator using an interfacing hardware bilaterally. It is used for performing a virtual object exploration experiment. In the experiment, two virtual objects are used. They are virtual wall and virtual hexahedron which have 0.7N/mm and 2.2 N/mm stiffness respectively. The experiments are performed under six different working conditions. The experiment results will show the effectiveness of the reflected force from the slave manipulator for improving the efficiency and stability of the teleoperation task.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.801-806
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• 2015

The experimental analysis of a crevice-type vapor chamber heat pipe (CVCHP) is investigated. The heat source of the CVCHP is a high-power light-emitting diode (LED). The CVCHP, which exhibits a bubble pumping effect, is used for heat dissipation in a high-heat-flux system. The working fluid is R-141b, and its charging ratio was set at 60 vol.% of the vapor chamber in a heat pipe. The total thermal conductivity of the falling-liquid-film-type model, which was a modified model, was 24% larger than that of the conventional model in the LED package. Flow visualization results indicated that bubbles grew larger as they combined. These combined bubbles pushed the working fluid to the top, partially wetting the heat-transfer area. The thermal resistance between the vapor chamber and tube in the modified design decreased by approximately 32%. The overall results demonstrated the better heat dissipation upon cooling of the high-power LED package.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.219-225
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• 2010

A structure of line for producing products is variously changing to be automatic and one-person Cell-Line considering the physical burden for workers in manufacturing industry of electronic goods. However, workers tend to still accuse Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (including shoulder, waist, hand, wrist, leg etc.) as a simply repeated work by accelerating of the production speed for productivity improvement in the assembly line. Thus manufacturing engineers in charge of changing and set up newly for an assembly line are necessary to the construct of the guideline on human engineering. Especially. There is no standardized engineering-guide and it is difficult to create the exact work environment because the risk factor analysis and the improvement for assembly line are executed once a year on the current situation. I'd like to reduce the physical burden on workers through the effective improvement of processing by the guideline on working environment fit for a characteristic on manufacturing process when the process is changed or newly installed.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.153-161
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of violence experience, emotional labor and job stress on clinical nurses' depression and to provide suggestions for improving the quality of patient care. Methods: This research involved 257 clinical nurses who were working at an acute care hospital with at least 200 beds in S city and K province. Data were collected from May 23 to June 7 in 2014 and were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 21.0. Results: The results show that 98.1% of subjects had violence experience in the past year and the violence experience included 44.4% physical threat, 37.5% verbal violence and 18.1% physical violence. The average scores were emotional labor 3.57, job stress 3.54 and depression 21.16. There were positive correlations among violence experience, emotional labor, job stress and depression (p<.01). There were also significant co-relationships between depression and violence experience (r=.21, p=.001), between depression and emotional labor (r=.48, p<.001) and between depression and job stress (r=.31, p<.001). Conclusion: The results suggest that it is necessary to set up guidelines for clinical nurses to manage violence, emotional labor and job stress in order to create better working environment and to improve quality of patient care.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.1149-1155
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• 2001

The experimental investigation on energy separation in a vortex tube has been carried out to sow the effect of inlet and outlet pressures with various working fluids(air,$O_2,\;and\; CO_2$). Those outlet pressure means cold outlet and hot outlet pressure which were set equally. The results showed that the total enthalpy variation became a maximum when the mass flow rate at the cold outlet was a half of the total mass flow rate in the vortex tube (y=0.5). The total enthalpy variation was quite affected by the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of vortex tube when the ratio of the inlet pressure to the cold outlet pressure remained constant. Although specific enthalpy differences between the inlet and the outlet (both cold and hot outlet) did not noticeably vary with the pressure difference, the specific enthalpy difference between the inlet and cold outlet was dominantly affected by physical properties of working gases.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 2017

Application of the supercritical condition in reactor core cooling needs to be properly justified based on the extreme level of parameters involved. Therefore, a numerical study is presented to compare the thermalhydraulic performance of supercritical and single-phase natural circulation loops under low-to-intermediate power levels. Carbon dioxide and water are selected as respective working fluids, operating under an identical set of conditions. Accordingly, a three-dimensional computational model was developed, and solved with an appropriate turbulence model and equations of state. Large asymmetry in velocity and temperature profiles was observed in a single cross section due to local buoyancy effect, which is more prominent for supercritical fluids. Mass flow rate in a supercritical loop increases with power until a maximum is reached, which subsequently corresponds to a rapid deterioration in heat transfer coefficient. That can be identified as the limit of operation for such loops to avoid a high temperature, and therefore, the use of a supercritical loop is suggested only until the appearance of such maxima. Flow-induced heat transfer deterioration can be delayed by increasing system pressure or lowering sink temperature. Bulk temperature level throughout the loop with water as working fluid is higher than supercritical carbon dioxide. This is until the heat transfer deterioration, and hence the use of a single-phase loop is prescribed beyond that limit.