• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.251-260
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• 2014

Biomass burning is one of the significant emission source of PM and CO, but a few studies are reported in Korea. Air pollutants emission from biomass burning such as wood stove and boiler, and wood-pellet stove and boiler were estimated in this study. Activity levels related to biomass burning such as fuel types, amount of fuel loading, and location and temporal variation were investigated by field survey over Korea. Fuel loadings were 14.9 kg/day for wood stove, 31.3 kg/day for wood boiler, 12.8 kg/day for wood-pellet stove, 32.5 kg/day for wood-pellet boiler during the season of active use. These were mostly burned in winter season from october to april of next year. Estimated annual emissions from wood stove & boiler were CO 76,677, $NO_x$ 710, $SO_x$ 70, VOC 20,941, TSP 6,605, PM10 2,921, PM2.5 1,851, and NH3 7 ton/yr, respectively. Emissions from wood-pellet stove and boiler were CO 32,798, $NO_x$ 1,830, $SO_x$ 25, VOCs 5,673, TSP 629, PM10 457, PM2.5 344, and $NH_3$ 2 ton/yr, respectively. When the emission estimates are compared with total emissions of the national emission inventory (CAPSS: Clean Air Policy Support System), Those occupy 12.5%, 2.8% of total national emission for CO and PM10, respectively. These results show wood and wood-pellet burning appliances were one of the major source of air pollution in Korea. In future, these types of heaters need to be regulated to reduce air pollution, especially in suburb area.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.276-285
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• 2010

Recently the Korean government has tried to cut down the $PM_{10}$ concentration by the Special Law for Air Quality Improvement. But the concentrations of $PM_{10}$ have exceeded the air quality standard at most monitoring stations. Primary $PM_{10}$ emitted from various sources and emission data have large uncertainty. The biomass burning is one of the major sources of $PM_{10}$ emission. The biomass burning is composed of wood stove usage, meat cooking and agricultural combustion etc.. Activity data and emission factors for the biomass burning are limited, and it is hard to calculate the air pollution emissions from these sources. In this study, we tried to estimate the air pollution emission from residential wood stove usage. The number of total wood stoves is estimated by the survey of wood stove manufacturer. And air pollution emission factors for the wood stove are investigated using the flue gas measurement by U.S. EPA particulate test method (Method 5G). As the results, the $PM_{10}$ and CO emission factors of wood stove are estimated as 7.7 g/kg-wood and 78.8 g/kg-wood respectively. The annual $PM_{10}$ and CO emissions from wood stove are calculated as 1,200~3,600 ton/year and 12,600~36,400 ton/year in Korea. It is confirmed that wood stove is the one of major sources of biomass burning, and the survey for activity data and the measurement for emission factors are needed for reducing the uncertainty of these emission data.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2015

이 논문에서는 신축 후 약 2년이 경과한 전원주택에서 벽난로 가동 중에 벽난로로 인한 화재가 발생하여 전소된 사례에 대해 법원을 통해 소방서, 경찰서, 화재보험관련 조사기관, 주택을 시공한 건설회사와 벽난로를 시공한 벽난로제조업체로부터 제공받은 자료들을 분석하여 벽난로 옆 벽체의 목재기둥에 남아 있는 저온장기발화의 화재패턴을 근거로 벽난로 옆 벽체의 목재기둥에 벽난로 화실(火室)의 열이 전도되어 화재가 발생하였음을 입증하였다. 그리고 벽난로 옆의 목재기둥이 저온장기발화를 한 이유는 굴뚝에 환기를 위한 공기창을 설치하지 않았기 때문임을 화재시뮬레이션을 통해 입증하였다.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2015

Manually fed firewood burning appliances, i.e., stove and boiler, were tested in order to determine emission factors (EFs) of macro-pollutants, i.e., carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, ammonia, particulate matters (total suspended particulate, $PM_{10}$, $PM_{2.5}$, black carbon) and trace pollutants (i.e., ten different volatile organic compounds). The composite pollutants EFs for the wood stove were: for TSP 15.45 g/kg, for $PM_{10}$ 6.53 g/kg, $PM_{2.5}$ 4.16 g/kg, CO 175.49 g/kg, NO 1.58 g/kg, $SO_2$ 0.15 g/kg, TVOC 48.02 g/kg, $NH_3$ 0.02 g/kg and emissions were similar to the wood boiler appliance: for TSP 12.23 g/kg, for $PM_{10}$ 5.84 g/kg, $PM_{2.5}$ 3.66 g/kg, CO 146.74 g/kg, NO 1.42 g/kg, $SO_2$ 0.15 g/kg, TVOC 47.78 g/kg, $NH_3$ 0.01 g/kg.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.26-31
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• 2016

The studies on the efficient ventilator to reduce fire and save energy have been proceeded actively. The purpose of this paper is to design a ventilator used in residential wood stove. The ventilator consists of rotation and support part, and it is operated by natural wind without power. The shape of rotation part of the ventilator is like airfoil to reinforce pressure drop. We designed direction controller for the rotation part to track the direction of wind continuously. The rotation and support part have point-contact each other to minimize a friction. We verify the properties of the proposed ventilator though simulation and experiment. The results show the proposed ventilator can exhaust safely combustion gas of the stove more than other ventilator.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2015

This study was carried out simulating domestic utilization conditions of a wood pellet stove and a wood pellet boiler in order to determine emission factors (EFs) of macro-pollutants, i.e., carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, ammonia, particulate matters (total suspended particulate, $PM_{10}$, $PM_{2.5}$, black carbon) and trace pollutants (i.e., ten different volatile organic compounds). The composite pollutants EFs for the pellet stove were: for TSP 4.58 g/kg, for $PM_{10}$ 3.35 g/kg, for $PM_{2.5}$ 2.48 g/kg, CO 119.23 g/kg, NO 14.40 g/kg, $SO_2$ 0.17 g/kg, TVOC 37.73 g/kg, $NH_3$ 0.02 g/kg and emissions were similar to the pellet boiler appliance: for TSP 4.73 g/kg, for $PM_{10}$ 3.41 g/kg, for $PM_{2.5}$ 2.63 g/kg, CO 161.51 g/kg, NO 13.67 g/kg, $SO_2$ 0.19 g/kg, TVOC 45.22 g/kg, $NH_3$ 0.02 g/kg.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2013

기후변화를 유발하는 원인물질로는 주로 화석연료의 연소에 의해 발생하는 '온실가스'가 대표적이었으나, 최근 연구를 통해 블랙카본 또한 기후변화에 기여하는 것으로 알려지고 있다. 주로 숯가마, 화목난로, 폐기물 노천소각 등 생물성 물질의 불완전연소에 의해 발생하는 블랙카본은 눈과 얼음의 표면에 붙어 알베도를 감소시키고, 태양복사에너지 흡수율을 증가시켜 눈과 얼음이 녹는 속도를 가속화 한다. 그러나, 바이오매스 연소로 발생하는 블랙카본의 배출 특성은 아직 정확하게 밝혀진 바가 없다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 블랙카본의 배출 특성을 살펴보기 위하여 화목난로를 대상으로 연소실험을 진행하였다. 연소 실험 결과, 블랙카본은 연소 온도가 낮고, 연소용 공기 공급량이 적은 조건에서 더 많이 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 블랙카본 배출계수는 벽난로에서 목재연료 A를 연소하였을 때가 1.01 g-BC/kg-Oak, 목재연료 B가 0.37 g-BC/kg-Oak, 목재연료 C가 0.29 g-BC/kg-Oak으로 산정되었고, 소형난로에서 목재연료 A를 연소하였을 때 0.25 g-BC/kg-Oak으로 산정되었다.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.481-482
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• 2010

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1409-1411
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• 2003

The indirect carbonization without solvent for the extraction of the natural undiluted solution has been studied. The following results have been obtained. 1. The traditional wood undiluted solution distillation can be embodied with the indirect carbonization without solvent of the airtight space. The system of the indirect carbonization without solvent is the indirect dry distillation apparatus. It is composed of the high-temperature stove, the exterior can, material bag, interior can, collect water can and air-fan.

• 에너지공학
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2015

본 연구는 숲가꾸기 사업시 솎아내는 나무(소경간벌재), 벌채 수확 후 남긴 잔재물인 가지, 목재가공 후에 남긴 폐기 대상목재, 갱신지 벌채림 및 왕겨 등을 활용하여 펠릿 제조가 가능한 이동식 펠릿 제조 장비를 개발하는 것으로, 초기함수율이 약 32%인 도로변 가지치기 나무를 재료로 최종함수율이 약 10%인 펠릿을 생산할 경우 시간당 생산량은 약 309kg이며, 하루 약 8시간 작업시 약 2ton의 생산량이 가능하고, 펠릿 생산(시간당 약 309kg)에 필요한 평균소요동력은 약 122.4PS이며, 생산비용과 판매비용을 비교하면 1일 작업기준으로 약 268,000원의 수익이 예상되어 향후 사업성이 기대된다.