• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.167-170
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• 1986

The first historical record on the use of wild edible plants as foods in Korea involves sswuk and manul concerned with the mythology of Tangun. Numerous names of wild vegetables had been recorded in various ancient books. Wild edible plants are of great value as food resources and for domestication, since they have variable edible portions and quite a long picking season. Several kinds of wild edible plants have been already grown as vegetable crops. Doragi (Platycodon grandiflorum) is probably the one with the longest history of cultivation. During World War II, an attempt had been made to substitute vegetable crops for wild edible plants. As picking wild greens requires a great deal of labor and plants of wild growth are limited in the amount, domestication of wild vegetables as crops appears to be an urgent need for securing food resources in Korea.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.21-27
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• 1991

Recipe for Korean typical wild.vegetable preparations were developed and changes in pH, total acidity and ascorbic acid were measured during the storage period at 4~$5^{\circ}C$. Crude fiber and minerals were also analyzed and sensory evaluation was conducted. Changes in pH and total acidity were not significant in most of the samples and the results reveal that the vegetable preparations were in good conditions throughtout the storage period at 4~$5^{\circ}C$. The contents of ascorbic acid have been gradually reduced during the first 10-day storage showing 30~70% retention and continuous loss to 30~40% left on 20th-day. Crude fiber and mineral (Ca, p, Fe, K, Mg) contents were relatively higher in the wild-vegetables than in the everyday use vegetables. The results of the sensory evaluations revealed that the tested samples were in good scores (overall scores>6) except sancho-seed pickles.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.519-521
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• 2020

Damping-off symptoms were frequently observed on young plants of Indian lettuce (Lactuca indica) grown in a farmer's vinyl greenhouse located in Goseong, Gangwon province of Korea during a disease survey in June 2019. The incidence of diseased plants in the vinyl greenhouse investigated was 30-50%. Four isolates of Rhizoctonia sp. were obtained from the diseased plants and identified as Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 based on the morphological characteristics and anastomosis test. Three isolates of R. solani AG-4 were tested for pathogenicity on Indian lettuce by artificial inoculation. All the tested isolates induced damping-off symptoms on the inoculated plants. The symptoms were similar to those observed in plants from the farmer's vinyl greenhouse investigated. This is the first report of R. solani AG-4 causing damping-off in Indian lettuce.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.45-47
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• 2021

Damping-off symptoms were frequently observed on young plants of coastal hogfennel (Peucedanum japonicum) grown in a farmer's vinyl greenhouse located in Goseong, Gangwon Province, Korea during a disease survey in June 2019. Incidence of the diseased plants was 50-70% in the vinyl greenhouse investigated during the disease survey. Eight isolates of Rhizoctonia sp. were obtained from the diseased plants. All the isolates were identified as Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 based on the morphological characteristics and anastomosis test. Three isolates of R. solani AG-4 were tested for pathogenicity on coastal hogfennel by artificial inoculation. All the tested isolates induced damping-off symptoms on the inoculated plants. The symptoms were similar to those observed in the farmer's vinyl greenhouse investigated. This is the first report of R. solani AG-4 causing damping-off in coastal hogfennel.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.275-282
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• 2002

Preference of food plants of wild birds was shown in the order of Pinus densiflora, Celtis sinensis, Celastrus orbiculatus, Rosa multiflora, Taxus cuspidata, and Euonymus japonica, etc. The wild birds preferred the animal food(92.2%) rather than the vegetable food(32.7%) in breeding season(May through June), but preferred both animal and vegetable foods in non-breeding season(November through December). The rates utilzing artficial nest were 77.5%, 50.3%, 44.1% and 42.2% in Nosan, Sanho, Chinju-castle and Bibong parks, respectively. The wild birds used more the 3cm hole than 5cm hole.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.16-24
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• 1993

The "Namul" is a Korean common vegetable food composed of edible young leaves and soft stalks of wild plants or cultivating vegetables and treated with traditional condiments. It has been widely used as not only a regular diet but seasonal foods or special ceremonial foods. In this thesis, the kinds of edible plants for namul were philologically approached by books published in Korea from Koryo to Chosun dynasty. The first historical record about cultivated vegetable as food in Korea was a garlic and a gourd in $\ulcorner$Samkuksaki$\lrcorner$. According to numerous records, edible wild plants might have played an important part as food resources, since they have variable edible portions as famine relief foods. Four kinds of namul were first introduced in Koryo age, but in Chosun dynasty over eighty kinds were recorded. The root of ballonflower and white radish were most commonly used for raw namul and bamboo shoot and squash for boils ones. Most kinds of namul were introduced in $\ulcorner$Zeungtosanrimkwungiae$\lrcorner$ and $\ulcorner$Limwonsiprwukji$\lrcorner$ influenced by pragmatism in later half period of Chosun. The chronic state of famine in later half period of Chosun caused to introduce various edible wild vegetables, and had greatly influenced on the Korean people to acquire vegetarian food habits and to favor salty taste. It seems to need a further study on recent nutritional problems including dietary fiber.ary fiber.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.245-247
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• 2022

In August 2021, we surveyed diseases of wild vegetables grown in Taebaek, Gangwon Province, Korea. During the disease survey, we observed severe damping-off symptoms in young edible aster (Aster scaber) plants in a vinyl greenhouse investigated. The incidence of the disease in the plants ranged from 5% to 20%. Diseased plants of edible aster were collected from the vinyl greenhouse, and fungi were isolated from petiole lesions of the diseased plants. Rhizoctonia sp. was consistently isolated from the petiole lesions. We examined morphological characteristics and anastomosis groups of nine Rhizoctonia sp. isolates obtained from the petiole lesions. The examination results revealed that all the isolates corresponded to Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 based on the morphological characteristics and anastomosis test. Three isolates of R. solani AG-4 were tested for their pathogenicity on edible aster plants by artificial inoculation. Inoculation tests showed that the tested isolates caused damping-off symptoms on the inoculated plants. The induced symptoms were similar to those observed in the vinyl greenhouse investigated. Damping-off of edible aster caused by R. solani AG-4 is first reported in this study.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.51-53
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• 2022

In January 2021, unusual outbreak of shoot rot symptoms was observed in young spikenard (Aralia cordata) plants growing in vinyl greenhouses located in Chuncheon and Yanggu, Gangwon Province, Korea. The symptoms initially appeared on young shoots of the plants at or above the soil surface level. Later, the infected shoots wholly rotted and blighted. The incidence of diseased plants in the vinyl greenhouses investigated ranged from 5% to 30%. Eight isolates of Rhizoctonia sp. were obtained from shoot lesions of the diseased plants. All the isolates were identified as Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-1 based on the morphological characteristics and anastomosis test. Three isolates of R. solani AG-2-1 were tested for pathogenicity on young shoots of spikenard plants using artificial inoculation. All the tested isolates induced shoot rot symptoms on the inoculated plants. The symptoms were similar to those observed in spikenard plants from the vinyl greenhouses investigated. This is the first report of R. solani AG-2-1 causing shoot rot in spikenard.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 1988

This study attempted to investigate the relationships between vegetable preference and physical status. The subjects were 127 kindergarten children living Kwang-ju. In this study, vegetable preference and health status of the children were investigated by response of thier mothers through questionnaires. Also, rate of dental caries and anthropometric measures were obtained by examination. The results are summarized as follows; 1) Anthropometric mesures of the subjects were higher than those of Korean standards for children. 2) The mean hedonic score for vegetable preference in subjects was 2.6. The difference in vegetable preference between male and femal was not significant except for a squash item. 3) Vegetable prefernce has a significant correlation with the def. tooth rate. Especially preference of spinach, wild sesame leaf, and cucumber were negatively related to the def. tooth rate. 4) Vegetable preference and anthropometric measures did not show any significant correlation. 5) Children who ate sweets for snacks frequently disliked vegetable and showed high rate of dental caries significantly(p<0.001). Children who had anorexia and constipation disliked vegetables significantly (p<0.01). Children who complained diarrhea symptom showed significant high rte of dental caries(p<0.01). From the results above, as the negative relationship between vegetable preference and def. tooth rate was found, many cooking methods of vegetables should be studied and nutrition education should be oriented to recommend an increased intake of vegetables by children.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.639-647
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• 1997

The hypoglycemic effects of five Korean wild vegetables, Aralia continentalis (A. con.), Castanea crenata (C. cre.), Xanthium strumarium (K, str.), Alisma canaliculatum (A. can,) and Eupatorium chinense var. simplicifolium for tripartium (E. tri) which have been utilized for the traditional remedies were investigated in this study. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by injections of streptozotocin (STZ) into the tail veins at a dose of 45 mg/kg. Five groups of STZ-induced diabetic rats were fed one of each experimental diet containing 10% of the Korean wild vegetable powder and normal and STZ-control rats were fed the control diet for five weeks. The body weight change, feed efficiency ratio (FER) and organ weights were compared. The plasma levels of glucose, protein, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, and aminotransferase activity were determined. Mineral (Ca, K, Mg, Na, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) contents of the Korean wild vegetables were analyzed. The body weight gain was higher in normal, C. cre., A. can. and E. tri. groups than in the diabetic control group. The FER of C. cre., A. can. and E. tri. groups was significantly higher (p.＜0.05) than that of diabetic control group. Liver weight was heavier in A. con., X. str. and A. can. groups compared with the diabetic control group. The weights of kidney were lighter in all five Korean wild vegetable groups than in the diabetic control group. After five weeks, the plasma glucose level tends to be decreased in A. con., A. can. and E. tri. groups. Plasma cholesterol level was decreased the Korean wild vegetables except for X. str. group. Plasma HDL- cholesterol level was significantly higher in A. con., A. can. and E. tri. groups compared with the diabetic control group. Plasma triglyceride and free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in X. str. group compared with the diabetic control group. Mineral contents were higher in E. tri. (Ca, K, Na and Fe). The results suggest that the intakes of A. con., A. can. and E. tri. have a hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats showing the possibility as the valuable food resources for the prevention of diabetic mellitus.