• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.380.3-380.3
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• 2002

Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) is a widely used herbal plant with various biological properties. Our previous study using in vitro platelet aggregation in whole blood showed that ethyl acetate layer of RVS had strong anti-aggregatory activity. In this study. to investigate the anti-aggregatory activity and antioxidative effects of RVS ethyl acetate layer. the layer was subsequently fractionated by ODS columm chromatograph (50% MeOH). As a result. the fraction 3 was most inhibited the aggregation of platelet in rat whole blood induced by thrombin and all fraction of RVS was detected strong antioxidative effect. (omitted)

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.37-55
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• 1982

The whole blood inventory control model is developed, shown to provide an accurate representation of actual blood bank operations in Korea. The main difference of the blood bank situations between Korea and the United States is that about 50 percent of all bloods demanded, crossmatched, and held for a particular patient are eventually found not to be required for that patient in case of U.S. while in Korea the crossmatch test is not so significant and almost successful. Accordingly, the model in this paper is focused in seeking the minimum inventory level where neither shortage nor outdating bloods begin to occur, while the Jennings' model, developed in 1970 at MIT OR Center, is the inventory level somewhere between the inventory level 'band' where both shortage and outdating occur.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.111-114
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• 1982

To determine Pb level in blood, we usually .used to pull out about 5ml blood from venous vessel and this sample was digested with acids to decompose organic matter and then determined the Pb contents by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer with flame. But recent trend in quan titating Pb in small amount of sample is very much recommended in clinical chemistry specially pediatrics, and industrial hygiene and occupational health area. Authors tried to determine Pb contents in small amount blood of $25{\mu}l$ by using capillary tube method and got the possibility of determination of ng amount of Pb in $25{\mu}l$ whole blood sample without any pretreatment of sample.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.497-509
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• 2002

Background : The mechanisms through which cellular activation results in intracellular mycobacterial killing is only partially understood. However, in vitro studies of human immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been largely modeled on the work reported by Crowle, which is complicated by several factors. The whole blood culture is simple and allows the simultaneous analysis of the relationship between bacterial killing and the effect of effector cells and humoral factors. In this study, we attempted to determine the extent to which M. tuberculosis is killed in a human whole blood culture and to explore the role of the host and microbial factor in this process. Methods : The PPD positive subject were compared to the umbilical cord blood and patients with tuberculosis, diabetes and lung cancer. The culture is performed using heparinized whole blood diluted with a culture medium and infected with a low number of M. avium or M. tuberculosis $H_{37}Ra$ for 4 days by rotating the culture in a $37^{\circ}C$, 5% $CO_2$ incubator. In some experiments, methlprednisolone- or pentoxifyline were used to inhibit the immune response. To assess the role of the T-cell subsets, CD4+, CD8+ T-cells or both were removed from the blood using magnetic beads. The ${\Delta}$ log killing ratio was defined using a CFU assay as the difference in the log number of viable organisms in the completed culture compared to the inoculum. Results : 1. A trend was noted toward the improved killing of mycobacteria in PPD+ subjects comparing to the umbilical cord blood but there was no specific difference in the patients with tuberculosis, diabetes and lung cancer. 2. Methylprednisolone and pentoxifyline adversely affected the killing in the PPD+ subjects umbilical cord blood and patients with tuberculosis. 3. The deletion of CD4+ or CD8+ T-lymphocytes adversely affected the killing of M. avium and M. tuberculosis $H_{37}Ra$ by PPD+ subjects. Deletion of both cell types had an additive effect, particularly in M. tuberculosis $H_{37}Ra$. 4. A significantly improved mycobacterial killing was noted after chemotherapy in patients with tuberculosis and the ${\Delta}$ logKR continuously decreased in a 3 and 4 days of whole blood culture. Conclusion : The in vitro bactericidal assay by human whole blood culture model was settled using a CFU assay. However, the host immunity to M. tuberculosis was not apparent in the human whole blood culture bactericidal assay, and patients with tuberculosis showed markedly improved bacterial killing after anti-tuberculous chemotherapy compared to before. The simplicity of a whole blood culture facilitates its inclusion in a clinical trial and it may have a potential role as a surrogate marker in a TB vaccine trial.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2018

Molecular techniques have been introduced for malaria diagnosis because they offer greater sensitivity and specificity than microscopic examinations. Therefore, DNA isolation methods have been developed for easy preparation and cost effectiveness. The present study described a simple protocol for Plasmodium DNA isolation from EDTA-whole blood. This study demonstrated that after heating infected blood samples with Tris-EDTA buffer and proteinase K solution, without isolation and purification steps, the supernatant can be used as a DNA template for amplification by PCR. The sensitivity of the extracted DNA of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax was separately analyzed by both PCR and semi-nested PCR (Sn-PCR). The results revealed that for PCR the limit of detection was $40parasites/{\mu}l$ for P. falciparum and $35.2parasites/{\mu}l$ for P. vivax, whereas for Sn-PCR the limit of detection was $1.6parasites/{\mu}l$ for P. falciparum and $1.4parasites/{\mu}l$ for P. vivax. This new method was then verified by DNA extraction of whole blood from 11 asymptomatic Myanmar migrant workers and analyzed by Sn-PCR. The results revealed that DNA can be extracted from all samples, and there were 2 positive samples for Plasmodium (P. falciparum and P. vivax). Therefore, the protocol can be an alternative method for DNA extraction in laboratories with limited resources and a lack of trained technicians for malaria diagnosis. In addition, this protocol can be applied for subclinical cases, and this will be helpful for epidemiology and control.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 2003

We have developed a direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and electrophoresis method for the diagnosis of bovine theileriosis from whole blood DNA analysis without DNA extraction. The technique empolyed a FoLT (formamide, low temp.) technique and was utilized in the diagnosis of bovine theileriosis. Formamide solubilize the blood cells, and the lowered incubation temperatures reduced protein coagulation. 100-200 nL of whole blood and PCR reagents were introduced directly into a PCR tube. After the amplification, the PCR product (816-bp DNA) was introduced into the electrophoresis system. The results of this analysis were consist with those obtained using purified DNA.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.88-94
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• 2021

A whole-body compression garment (WBCG) is mainly used for cosmetic purpose in Korea. Another case for wearing the WBCG would be while exercising because it allows the body to move easily. But physiological effects of wearing WBCG to the body have not been known much. To investigate whether wearing WBCG would be helpful for conducting exercises, we measured physiological criteria, which could be influenced by the compression, such as cardiovascular and pulmonary function. Twelve female college students participated in this experiment. Increase of blood pressure was monitored in all of the participants when they wore a WBCG just for 10 minutes. Pulmonary function that requires skeletal muscle contraction was decreased by wearing a WBCG. Blood pressure measured after conducting exercise became even lower when wearing a WBCG than non-wearing. Interestingly, heart pulse remained lower when wearing a WBCG than non-wearing during the whole relaxing period after the exercise. Electrocardiogram (ECG) analyses showed that such lower heart rate largely depended on extension of QT time. For that reason, physiological efficiency index (PEI) was higher for wearing WBCG. These results indicate wearing WBCG could enhance exercise efficiency by lowering heart pulse.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.91-95
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• 2010

Objectives : Acori Rhizoma is one of the common widely used herbal medicines with diverse bioactive effects. However, little evidence has been reported about the potential anti-platelet activity of Acori Rhizoma. The present study examined the effects on platelet aggregation by Acori Rhizoma. Methods : In this study, we tested the in vitro effect of 16 kinds of Acori Rhizoma extracts by hot water or 70% ethanol on collagen-induced platelet aggregation in human whole blood using the impedance method of aggregometry. Results : Among them, 2 kinds of 70% ethanol extract and 1 kind of hot water extract showed the significant inhibiting effect on whole blood aggregation. In particular, Acorus gramineus extracts were selected as the most effective candidate. Conclusiions : The results from this experiment provide pharmacological evidence for the traditional medicine, suggesting that Acorus gramineus could be help problems of blood circulation more than Acorus tatarinowii.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.852-856
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• 2006

Four lactating Holstein cows were used in a $4{\times}4$ Latin-square design to determine the effects of various levels of whole cottonseed (WCS) in diets on parameters including milk (yield and fat content), rumen fluid (pH, ammonia and TVFA) and blood (${\beta}$-carotene, vit. A, vit. E, urea, $NH_3$, Ca, P and Mg levels). Cows consumed 0, 1, 2 or 3 kg WCS per day. No significant differences were observed among the groups on analysed parameters except plasma vitamin E concentration. In addition, when the amount of cottonseed was increased, milk yield and milk fat content also tended to increase but this increase was not statistically significant. In conclusion, feeding of WCS up to 3 kg per day with ad libitum maize silage did not cause negative effects on milk yield, milk fat and blood vitamin levels in the short term in dairy cows.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.568-573
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• 2013

A selective and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of copper in blood by adsorptive differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry is presented. The procedure involves an adsorptive accumulation of Cu(II)-ETSC (4- ethyl-3-thiosemicarbazide) on a hanging mercury drop electrode, followed by a stripping voltammetry measurement of reduction current of adsorbed complex at about -715 mV. The optimum conditions for the analysis of copper (II) ion are : pH 10.3, concentration of 4-ethyl-3-thiosemicarbazide $3.25{\times}10^{-6}$ M and an accumulation potential of -100 mV. The peak current is proportional to the concentration of copper over the range 0.003-125 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.001 ng/mL and an accumulation time of 60 s. Moreover, with the use of the proposed method, there is a considerable improvement in the detection limit, the linear dynamic range and the deposition time, compared with the methods of adsorptive stripping voltammetry for the determination of copper. The developed method was validated by analysis of whole blood certified reference materials.