• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.250-257
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• 2011

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different mycotoxin adsorbents including esterified glucomannan (EGM), hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) and compound mycotoxin adsorbent (CMA) on performance, blood parameters, and liver pathological changes in broilers fed mold-contaminated feed. Two hundred and forty 10-day-old broilers were randomly assigned to one of the five dietary treatments including: i) control diet; ii) mold-contaminated diet; iii) moldcontaminated diet+0.05% EGM; iv) mold-contaminated diet+0.2% HSCAS; v) mold-contaminated diet+0.1% CMA. At 35-days-old, blood and liver tissue samples were collected for analysis. 0.1% CMA improved ADG and ADFI during 10-42 d compared to the moldcontaminated group (p<0.05). The mold-contaminated diet increased total white blood cell (WBC) number, haemoglobin (Hgb) concentration, hematocrit (Hct) level, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and ${\gamma}$-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities, and decreased red blood cell (RBC) number and serum globulin (GLB) and urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations (p<0.05). The three mycotoxin adsorbents alleviated the alteration of RBC, WBC, Hgb and AST caused by the mold-contaminated diet. Furthermore, 0.1% CMA increased GLB concentration and decreased Hct level and GGT activity (p<0.05). Liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was reduced, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was increased by the mold-contaminated diet (p<0.05). Both EGM and HSCAS prevented the increase of MPO activity (p<0.05). Liver lesion, including severe vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes, was observed in chicks fed the mold-contaminated diet. 0.05% EGM prevented these effects except for biliary hyperplasia and mild vacuolar degeneration. 0.2% HSCAS showed medium vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes. Liver of broilers fed 0.1% CMA revealed a mild vacuolar degeneration. These results indicate that a mold-contaminated diet results in adverse effects on blood parameters and liver morphology. 0.05% EGM and 0.2% HSCAS partially alleviated the adverse effects. However, 0.1% CMA almost completely ameliorated the adverse effects.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.1416-1420
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• 2006

3원 교잡종 (Landrace$\times$Yorkshire$\times$Duroc) 육성돈 72두를 공시하였으며, 시험 개시시 체중은 24.64$\pm$2.46kg이었다. 시험설계는 1)NC(basal diet; antibiotics free diet), 2) PC (NC diet + 0.1% antibiotics; chlortetracycline 0.05% + neomycin 0.05%), 3)DFM0.1(NC diet + 0.1% DFM)와 4)DFM0.3(NC diet + 0.3% DFM)의 4개 처리를 하여 처리당 6 반복, 반복당 3마리씩 완전임의 배치하였다. 총 사양시험 기간 동안, 일당증체량은 PC, DFM0.3, DFM0.1과 NC의 순으로 각각 806g, 781g, 774g및 753g으로 나타났으나, 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 사료효율에 있어서는 처리구간 유의적인 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 혈액 내 IgG(Immunoglobulin G), WBC(White blood cell)함량에 있어서는 생균제를 0.3%첨가한 처리구에서 가장 높은 경향을 보였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었으며(P>0.05), RBC(Red blood cell)함량에 있어서는 처리구간 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 결론적으로 육성돈에 있어서 Lactic acid bacteria를 기초로한 복합생균제의 첨가, 급여 수준의 증가에 따라 성장 능력과 혈액성상이 개선시키는 영향을 주지 못하였다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.156-160
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• 2016

Background: Workers in pesticide manufacturing industries are constantly exposed to pesticides. Genetic biomonitoring provides an early identification of potential cancer and genetic diseases in exposed populations. The objectives of this biomonitoring study were to assess DNA damage through comet assay in blood samples collected from industry workers and compare these results with those of classical analytical techniques used for complete blood count analysis. Methods: Samples from controls (n = 20) and exposed workers (n = 38) from an industrial area in Multan, Pakistan, were subjected to various tests. Malathion residues in blood samples were measured by gas chromatography. Results: The exposed workers who were employed in the pesticide manufacturing industry for a longer period (i.e., 13-25 years) had significantly higher DNA tail length ($7.04{\mu}m$) than the controls ($0.94{\mu}m$). Workers in the exposed group also had higher white blood cell and red blood cell counts, and lower levels of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), MCH concentration, and mean corpuscular volume in comparison with normal levels for these parameters. Malathion was not detected in the control group. However, in the exposed group, 72% of whole blood samples had malathion with a mean value of 0.14 mg/L (range 0.01-0.31 mg/L). Conclusion: We found a strong correlation ($R^2=0.91$) between DNA damage in terms of tail length and malathion concentration in blood. Intensive efforts and trainings are thus required to build awareness about safety practices and to change industrial workers' attitude to prevent harmful environmental and anthropogenic effects.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.346-355
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• 2021

이 연구의 목적은 Bacillus polyfermentricus KJS-2 (BP2)와 Bacillus mojavensis KJS-3 (Moja3) 및 이들 균주 복합물의 투여가 혈청 지질 수준을 조절할 수 있는지에 대한 가능성을 밝히기 위한 것이다. 고지질혈증 유발 설치류를 대상으로 균주를 2주 동안 경구 투여한 후 혈액 내 세포수준의 변화, 대사기능 평가, 혈중 지질 수준의 변화를 관찰하였다. 백혈구내 주요세포변화를 측정한 결과 균주 투여에 따른 혈중 백혈구(WBC) 수준에는 크게 영향을 미치지는 않았다. 단위 혈액 내 혈소판(PLT) 수치는 Triton WR-1339처리시 18.4% 감소하였고 약물투여그룹 및 균주 투여그룹에서 다시 정상 그룹 수준으로 회복되었다(p<0.05). Triton WR-1339로 유도된 고지혈증에 의해 적혈구의 기능적인 변화는 초래하지 않았다. 혈중 AST, ALT, BUN, Creatinine 수치는 혼합 균주투여 그룹에서 모두 회복하여 간기능, 신장기능에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 혈중 지질수준 변화는 미생물 균주 투여그룹에서 트리글리세라이드(TG)와 총콜레스테롤(TC) 혈청 수치가 감소했고, 혈청 HDL 콜레스테롤 수치는 증가했다. BP2가 생산하는 SMA의 HMG-CoA reductase 저해율은 atorvastatin에 비해 1,000배 낮은 농도에서 비슷한 활성을 보였다. 또한, 고지혈증 유발 설치류에 미생물 균주의 복합투여는 식이에 영향을 미치지 않으면서 체중증가율은 감소시켰다. 따라서 BP2와 Moja3 균주 복합투여시 혈청 지질 수치를 조절함으로써 혈액 순환을 개선시킬 수 있을 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.1189-1195
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• 2014

Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 encoding gene (NRAMP1) plays an important role in immune response against intracellular pathogens. To evaluate the effects of NRAMP1 gene on immune capacity in pigs, tissue expression of NRAMP1 mRNA was observed by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the results revealed NRAMP1 expressed widely in nine tissues. One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (ENSSSCG00000025058: g.130 C>T) in exon1 and one SNP (ENSSSCG00000025058: g.657 A>G) in intron1 region of porcine NRAMP1 gene were demonstrated by DNA sequencing and PCR-RFLP analysis. A further analysis of SNP genotypes associated with immune traits including contain of white blood cell (WBC), granulocyte, lymphocyte, monocyte (MO), rate of cytotoxin in monocyte (MC) and $CD4^-CD8^+$ T lymphocyte subpopulations in blood was carried out in four pig populations including Large White and three Chinese indigenous breeds (Wannan Black, Huai pig and Wei pig). The results showed that the SNP (ENSSSCG00000025058: g.130 C>T) was significantly associated with level of WBC % (p = 0.031), MO% (p = 0.024), MC% (p = 0.013) and $CD4^-CD8^+$ T lymphocyte (p = 0.023). The other SNP (ENSSSCG00000025058: g.657 A>G) was significantly associated with the level of MO% (p = 0.012), MC% (p = 0.019) and $CD4^-CD8^+$ T lymphocyte (p = 0.037). These results indicate that the NRAMP1 gene can be regarded as a molecular marker for genetic selection of disease susceptibility in pig breeding.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.837-851
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• 1999

In order to inverstigate interactive effects of Samultang(SMT) and SMT composition and the principle of prescription, I examined the effects of SMT and combination of three components of SMT, In C57BL/6 mouse with oral administration of SMT and cyclophosphamide(CTX) treatment, white blood cells, platelet were counted. Also, those were anti-anemia effect for rat which have hemolytic anemia induced by phenylhydrazine. The results were summerized as follows : 1. In vivo analysis of the effect of the SMT by orally administrated C57BL/6 mice with the SMT and was treated with cyclophosphamide (CTX). When the number of white blood cell. platelet was counted, there was ameliorative effects of leucopenia or thrombocytopenia as a protection to CTX. 2. It was acknowledged that SMT and its composition increased RBC count and hemlytic significantly in rat which have hemolytic anemia. 3. Among SMT composition Angelicae gigantis Radix and Cnidii Rhizoma solution and among the combination group Rehmanniae Radix and Cnidii Rhizoma combination and SMT solution showed significant effects for hemoglobin and weight of spleen in mouse which have hemolytic anemia. Thus it was acknowledged that Rehmanniae Radix and Cnidii Rhizoma combination had effect to improve hemoglobin and weight of spleen. From above these results it was acknowledged that SMT has effects that ameliorative effects of leucopenia or thrombocytopenia as a protection to CTX and anti-anemic effect for the rat which have hemolytic anemia induced by phenylhydrazine and these effects depend upon its combination of SMT composition. Especially it was acknowleged, though there are the slight difference according to combination, that Paeoniae Radix Alba combination had improving effect for physical change. So it is though that Paeoniae Radix Alba is main material for this kind of disease and continuous study is needed.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2004

In a continuation of our previous studies on blood compatibility profiles of anion-substituted poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes, in which hydroxyl groups have been replaced with carboxymethyl (C-PVA) and sulfonyl groups (S-PVA), we have studied the activation of complement components and the changes in white cell and platelet count in vitro and compared them with those of unmodified PVA, Cuprophane, and low-density polyethylene. Complement activation of fluid phase components, C3a, Bb, iC3b, and SC5b-9, and of bound phases, C3c, C3d, and SC5b-9, were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblot, respectively. The changes in the number of white cells and platelets following complement activation were counted using a Coulter counter. C-PVA and S-PVA activated C3 to a lesser extent than did PVA, which we attribute to the diminished level of surface nucleophiles of the samples. In addition, C- and S-PVA exhibit increased inhibition of Bb production, resulting in a decrease in the extent of C5 activation. Consequently, because of the reduced activation of C3 and C5, C- and S-PVA samples cause marked decreases in the SC5b-9 levels in plasma. We also found that the negatively charged sulfonate and carboxylate groups of the samples cause a greater extent of adsorbtion of the positively charged anaphylatoxins, C3a and C5a, because of strong electrostatic attraction, which in turn provides an inhibition of chemotaxis and activation of leukocytes. The ability to inhibit complement production, together with the binding ability of anaphylatoxins of the C- and S-PVA samples, leads to a prominent decrease in lysis of leukocytes as well as activation of platelets.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2021

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a clonal bone marrow stem cell disorder, primarily involving the megakaryocytic lineage. The WHO 2016 guidelines include the molecular detection of JAK2, MPL, and CALR mutations as a major diagnostic criterion for ET. This study aimed to determine the frequency of JAK2 V617F, MPL W515L, and CALR mutations in Iraqi Kurdish patients afflicted with ET, and to analyze their clinical and hematological features. A total of 73 Iraqi Kurdish patients with ET were enrolled as subjects, and analysis was achieved utilizing real-time PCR. The frequency of JAK2 V617F, CALR, and MPL W515L mutations was determined to be 50.7%, 22%, and 16.4%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was obtained when considering the age and gender among different genotypes. The JAK2 V617F mutated patients had significantly higher white blood cell counts and hemoglobin levels than the CALR-positive patients (P-value=0.000, 0.007, respectively), MPL W515L-positive patients (P-value=0.000, 0.000, respectively), and triple negative patients (P-value=0.000, 0.000, respectively). Also, the JAK2 V617F mutated patients showed higher platelet count as compared to the MPL W515L-positive patients (P-value=0.02) and triple negative patients (P-value=0.04). Furthermore, significantly lower white blood cell count and hemoglobin levels were associated with CALR positivity (P-value=0.000, 0.01, respectively), MPL W515L-positivity (P-value=0.001, 0.000, respectively), and triple negativity (P-value=0.000, 0.000, respectively), as compared to patients with combined mutations. In conclusion, apart from a relatively high frequency of MPL W515L mutation, our data is comparable to earlier reports, and highlights the importance of genotyping the JAK2 V617F, MPL W515L, and CALR mutations for accurate diagnosis of patients with ET.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.181-189
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• 1999

$O_3$, one of the air pollutants, has been related increasing morbidity rates due to respiratory damages. To investigate the effect of Ikgieum(益氣飮) on rats induced by exposur of $O_3$, an experimental study was done the changes on white blood cell(WBC), Erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), $pCO_2$ and, $pO_2$ in Blood. The experimental groups are the Normal group, Control group and Sample group(administered Ikgieum to rats induced by exposur $O_3$). The results were as follows; 1. The change on WBC on rats induced by exposur of $O_3$ were made significant differences in Sample group compared with Cntrol group. 2. ESR were made is significant differences in Sample group compared with Control group. 3. $pCO_2$ and $pO_2$ were made significant differences in Sample group compared with control group.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the 2 week-oral toxicity of Paecilomyces sinclairii in Sprague-Dawley rats. P. sinclairii was daily administered to male and female rats for 2 weeks with different dose levels (0, 0.008, 0.04, 0.2, 1 and 5 g/kg). There were no clinical signs compared with control group, but a slight increase of white blood cell (WBC) was observed in the males rats receiving all dose levels of P. sinclairii. In biohematological analysis, the levels of glucose and cholesterol in the blood were decreased slightly in the males and females rats at doses of 0.008 or 1 g/ kg. At the all dose groups, there were no significant changes in the body weights, but autopsy findings of all organs showed reduced weights in the thymus of males in the high dose groups of 1 g/ kg and 5 g/kg. These results indicate that P. sinclairii does not induce any significant toxic effect on Sprague-Dawley rats treated for 2 weeks, but the reduced weights of thymus in males may require a further long-term investigation.