• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.102-113
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• 2004

This paper addresses the transportation planning that is based on genetic algorithm for determining transportation time and transportation amount of minimizing cost of distribution system. The vehicle routing of minimizing the transportation distance of vehicle is determined. A distribution system is consisted of a distribution center and many retailers. The model is assumed that the time horizon is discrete and finite, and the demand of retailers is dynamic and deterministic. Products are transported from distribution center to retailers according to transportation planning. Cost factors are the transportation cost and the inventory cost, which transportation cost is proportional to transportation distance of vehicle when products are transported from distribution center to retailers, and inventory cost is proportional to inventory amounts of retailers. Transportation time to retailers is represented as a genetic string. The encoding of the solutions into binary strings is presented, as well as the genetic operators used by the algorithm. A mathematical model is developed. Genetic algorithm procedure is suggested, and a illustrative example is shown to explain the procedure.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제23권55호
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• pp.51-71
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• 2000

A case of company manufacturing industrial valves is studied. To survive the fierce competition in the low-volume, high-complexity production environment, the company needs accurate information on the cost of its products. Current cost accounting system which allocates production costs based on the weights of intermediates and final products cannot provide accurate cost information that managers really need. Data on the company's cost structure and production processes were reviewed and managers were interviewed before problems with the current costing system were identified. Activity-based costing (ABC) system as well as an improved traditional costing system is considered to replace the current system. A prototype of ABC system is developed to better represent the relationships among the cost drivers, activities, and products.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.249-256
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• 1999

This study is intended to propose a systematic procedure for the development of the reliability-based seismic safety and cost-effective Performance criteria for design and upgrading of long span PC bridges. In the paper, a set of cost function models for life cycle cost analysis of bridges is proposed. The total life cycle cost functions consist of initial cost and direct/indirect damage costs considering repair/replacement costs, human losses and property damage costs, road user costs, and indirect regional economic losses. The damage costs are successfully expressed in terms of Park-Ang median global damage indices and damage probabilities. The proposed approach is successfully applied to model bridges in both regions of a moderate seismicity area like Seoul, Korea and a high one like Tokyo, Japan. It may be expected that the proposed approach can be effectively utilized for the development of cost-effective performance criteria for design and upgrading of various types of bridges as well as long span PC bridges.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.121-128
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• 1996

Estimating the cost of injuries and "accidents" to an organization is very important to figure out about how much well each organization has run his company and how much efficiently he has got the results using a certain amount of the expense for safety. Despite the potential usefulness to management of information as to the cost of a company's "accidents", it is not customary accounting practice to make these data available. Of the two general kinds of costs forced on a company by its occupational injuries and "accidents", the insurance cost and uninsured cost, -the former is by far the easier to find out. But actually, this uninsured cost should be figured out at each company. Authors have designed the generalized model to figure out the above problem costs to establish its efficient safety control. One construction company has been a pilot for this study. It is found that efficient safety control cost should be 1.2%~l.3% of total selling amount by analyzing actual data for three years.g actual data for three years.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제22권49호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1999

A cost minimization model for designing AS/RS (Automated Storage/Retrieval Systems) has been developed, whose objective function includes penalty cost caused by the incapability of meeting throughput rate requirements as well as S/R machine cost, storage rack cost, and interface conveyor cost. Since the model is a nonlinear integer programming problem which is very hard to solve with large problem size the problem is divided into four cases according to the ratio of horizontal S/R machine speed to its vertical speed and the existence of the penalty cost. A solution procedure is developed which solves each problem exactly under the different number of S/R machines.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.70-71
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• 2015

Cost management always being the matters for project manager as well as other entities involved the construction projects. Vietnam is emerging country, many construction works were carried out and lot of construction projects will be developed in the near future with a huge investment capital come from outside and inside Vietnam. In recent years, international project management firms enter the Vietnam construction market, some issues emerged need to be solved. In which cost and schedule of the construction project was put in a thoroughly consider of not only project management team but also stakeholders. The research attempts to identify and assess the relationship of factors affecting the construction cost in construction phase in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Five main factor groups Owners/clients; Consultants; Contractors; Resource and Other were identified to propose the solution for cost management.

• 진공이야기
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.4-10
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• 2016

Photovoltaic technology has been intensively developed as one of the most powerful renewable energies, replacing a fossil fuel such as coal and petroleum. Every country in the world has emphasized on development of photovoltaic technology and our government has invested heavily in low cost and high efficiency. Korea institute of industrial technology (KITECH) has lastingly constructed PV R&D infra for development of cost-effective and high efficiency solar cells as well as support of commercialization in PV's small and medium enterprises. In this paper, we introduce the next generation PV R&D and infra in KITECH.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제22권
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• pp.117-136
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• 2007

The characteristic of this study is to compare and analyze costing information from ABC cost accounting system after ABC cost accounting system is designed and implemented from the manufacturing company's traditional cost accounting system through field researches. This is different from previous researches which investigate surveys or adoption procedures and contents of some companies already adopting ABC cost accounting system. Statistically, differences between costing information are not really similar. However, the advantage of ABC cost accounting system is to reduce some activities which do not well contribute creating value after analyzing productions and supporting activities of the company, and dividing into two groups, activities creating value and non-creating value. Therefore, the cost accounting information of ABC cost accounting system is very useful system to offer valuable information for the management of the company. The accuracy of information of ABC cost accounting system depends on setting up the central point of activities and implementing cost drivers. In particular, when it comes to supporting activities, choosing cost accounting grivers which are highly relevant to producing products and collecting data for cost accounting drivers is really difficult. This is the limitation of this study. In other words, when implementing cost accounting drivers of ABC cost accounting system, aconceptual framework is different from applying to the real producing place. Therefore, when implementing on ABC cost accounting system, future researches are needed to find cost accounting drivers which are more close to the theoretical model, and implement ABC cost accounting system which can collects relevant data.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.1005-1014
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• 2009

The Dual Unit Optimizer 2000 MWe (DUO2000) is put forward as a new design concept for large power nuclear plants to cope with economic and safety challenges facing the $21^{st}$ century green and sustainable energy industry. DUO2000 is home to two nuclear steam supply systems (NSSSs) of the Optimized Power Reactor 1000 MWe (OPR1000)-like pressurized water reactor (PWR) in single containment so as to double the capacity of the plant. The idea behind DUO may as well be extended to combining any number of NSSSs of PWRs or pressurized heavy water reactors (PHWRs), or even boiling water reactors (BWRs). Once proven in water reactors, the technology may even be expanded to gas cooled, liquid metal cooled, and molten salt cooled reactors. With its in-vessel retention external reactor vessel cooling (IVR-ERVC) as severe accident management strategy, DUO can not only put the single most querulous PWR safety issue to an end, but also pave the way to very promising large power capacity while dispensing with the huge redesigning cost for Generation III+ nuclear systems. Five prototypes are presented for the DUO2000, and their respective advantages and drawbacks are considered. The strengths include, but are not necessarily limited to, reducing the cost of construction by decreasing the number of containment buildings from two to one, minimizing the cost of NSSS and control systems by sharing between the dual units, and lessening the maintenance cost by uniting the NSSS, just to name the few. The latent threats are discussed as well.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.196-205
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• 1996

위성통신 중계기의 한정된 자원 (대역/전력 등)의 사용 효율올 극대화하기 위하여는 위성통신 시스템간 또는 시스템 내에서 발생하는 동일채널간섭 효과를 최소화하도록 서비스를 할당하는 것이 바람직하다. 본 논문에서는 위성통신 서비스별 증계기 할당 목적에 최적이라 생각되는 cost 설정 방법을 제안하고 시뮬레이션을 통하여 제안한 방식의 효율성을 보였다. 서비스 할당문제 자체보다는, 특히 서비스 할당을 위한 cost 설정문제 (BER 성능을 최적화하는 기준의 cost 선정 방식)에 국한하여 cost 설정을 위한조건 및 이를 만족하는 cost 함수에 대해 연구하였다. 제안한 cost 설정 방식은 위성통신 서비스의 할당문제에 매우 효과적으로 적용될 수 있을 것이다.