• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.270-287
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• 2015

According to the increase of the operating cost and material cost of a ship due to the change of international oil price, a demand for the lightening of the ship weight is being made from various parties such as shipping companies, ship owners, and shipyards. To satisfy such demand, many studies for a light ship are being made. As one of them, an optimal design method of an existing hull structure, that is, a method for lightening the ship weight based on the optimization technique was proposed in this study. For this, we selected a hatch cover of a bulk carrier as an optimization target and formulated an optimization problem in order to determine optimal principal dimensions of the hatch cover for lightening the bulk carrier. Some dimensions representing the shape of the hatch cover were selected as design variables and some design considerations related to the maximum stress, maximum deflection, and geometry of the hatch cover were selected as constraints. In addition, the minimization of the weight of the hatch cover was selected as an objective function. To solve this optimization problem, we developed an optimization program based on the Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) using C++ programming language. To evaluate the applicability of the developed program, it was applied to a problem for finding optimal principal dimensions of the hatch cover of a deadweight 180,000 ton bulk carrier. The result shows that the developed program can decrease the hatch cover's weight by about 8.5%. Thus, this study will be able to contribute to make energy saving and environment-friendly ship in shipyard.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.591-599
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• 1994

A design system for power transmission bevel gears(straight, zerol, and spiral) is developed, in which the strength and durability of bevel gears can be estimated and the size of bevel gears can be minimized by introducing optimal techniques. The size of bevel gear pair as the object function to be minimized is the volume of equivalent spur gear pair at mean normal section, and the design variables to be determined are considered as the number of teeth, face width, diametral pitch, and spiral angle in spiral bevel gear. The strength(bending strength, pitting resistance) according to the AGMA standards, geometrical quantities, and operating characteristics(interference of pinion, contact ratio, etc.) are considered as the constraints in design optimization. The optimization with these constraints becomes nonlinear problem and that is solved with ALM(Augmented Lagrange Multiplier) method. The developed design method is applied to the example designs of straight, zerol, and spiral bevel gears. The design results are acceptable from the viewpoint of strength and durability within the design ranges of all other constraint, and the bevel gears are designed toward minimizing the size of gear pair. This design method is easily applicable to the design of bevel gears used as power transmitting devices in machineries, and is expected to be used for weight minimization of bevel gear unit.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2010

프록시 시스템에서의 QoS는 혼잡 (congestion), 지연 (delay), 재전송 (retransmission) 등과 같은 간섭에 의해 많은 영향을 받는다. 또한 멀티-레벨 스트리밍 서비스는 시간 동기화에 의해 영향을 받으며, 이로 인하여 서비스 성능이 저하된다. 본 논문에서는 프록시 시스템에서 발생하는 스트리밍 서비스의 성능 저하를 개선하고 스트리밍 처리율을 향상시키기 위한 세그먼트 기반의 버퍼 관리 메커니즘을 제안한다. 제안된 논문의 목적은 다음과 같다. 1) 세그먼트 기반의 버퍼관리 메커니즘을 이용하여 다중 스트리밍 서비스를 최적화한다. 2) 혼잡, 간섭 등으로 인해 발생되는 오버헤드를 줄인다. 3) 끊김 현상, 지연 등으로 인해 발생하는 재전송의 문제를 최소화한다. 이러한 목적을 수행하기 위해 우리는 퍼지 값 $\mu$와 비용 가중치 $\omega$를 이용한다. 시뮬레이션 결과 제안된 메커니즘은 버퍼 캐시 제어율, 평균 패킷 손실률, 그리고 스트림 적합성 척도에 따른 지연 절약율에 있어서 기존의 고정길이 세그먼트기법, 피라미드 (pyramid) 세그먼트 기법, 그리고 스카이스크렙퍼 (skyscraper) 세그먼트 기법보다 성능이 효율적임을 보였다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.543-548
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• 2002

방향구속 전력최소화법(Directionally Constrained Minimization of Power; DCMP)과 제로포싱방법(Zero Forcing; ZF)은 어레이 안테나에 수신된 신호들로부터 채널응답 벡터인 Spatial Signature를 추정하고, 이를 이용하여 최적웨이트(Optimal Weight)를 결정함으로써 어레이 출력 SINR(Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio)을 향상시킬 수 있는 알고리즘들로 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서는 이동국 주변에서 다중산란된 수신신호들이 어레이 안테나에 수신되는 환경에서 DCMP와 ZF방법의 성능을 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 ESPRIT를 이용하여 수신신호들의 도래각(Direction of Arrival; DOA)과 확산각도(Angular Spread; AS)를 추정하여 Spatial Signature를 구한 후, 그 결과치를 이용하여 DCMP와 ZF방법으로 어레이 출력신호를 합성하였다. 모의 실험을 통하여 어레이 출력 SINR성능을 평가하고 이론적 성능결과와 비교하였다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.26-35
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• 2020

Herein, we consider uplink multiuser massive multiple-input multiple-output systems when multiple users transmit information symbols to a base station (BS) by applying simple space-time block coding (STBC). At the BS receiver, two detection filters for each user are used to detect the STBC information symbols. One of these filters is for odd-indexed symbols and the other for even-indexed symbols. Using constrained output variance metric minimization, we first derive a special relation between the closed-form optimal solutions for the two detection filters. Then, using the derived special relation, we propose a new blind adaptive algorithm for implementing the minimum output variance-based optimal filters. In the proposed adaptive algorithm, filter weight vectors are updated only in the region satisfying the special relation. Through a theoretical analysis of the convergence speed and a computer simulation, we demonstrate that the proposed scheme exhibits faster convergence speed and lower steady-state bit error rate than the conventional scheme.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2015

In high temperature aircraft electronics, aluminium based brazing filler is the prime choice today. Aluminium and its alloys have compatible properties like weight minimization, thermal conductivity, heat dissipation, high temperature precipitation hardening etc. suitable for the aerospace industry. However, the selection of brazing filler for high temperature electronics requires high temperature joint strength properties which is crucial for the aerospace. Thus the selection of proper brazing alloy material, the composition and brazing method play an important role in deciding the final reliability of aircraft electronic components. The composition of these aluminium alloys dependent on the addition of the various elements in the aluminium matrix. The complex shapes of aluminium structures like enclosures, heat dissipaters, chassis for electronic circuitry, in avionics are designed from numerous individual components and joined thereafter. In various aircraft applications, the poor strength caused by the casting and shrinkage defects is undesirable. In this report the effect of various additional elements on Al based alloys and brazing fillers have been discussed.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.181-185
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• 2017

In the present study, the effect of cooling rate on the formation of the porosity in the thick aluminum sand casting was investigated. Nowadays, due to considerations of weight and cost reduction, large scale thick aluminum casting has replaces steel frames for vacuum chambers for semiconductor production. Several thick aluminum castings were manufactured using chill with temperature measurements. The castings were inspected using 3D computed tomography in order to quantify the porosity defect density in the castings. Effects of the thickness of the chill on the porosity defect density were discussed.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.707-715
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• 1994

This study presents thickness optimization for the pressure vessel domes subject to internal pressure and axial force simultaneously. The considered typical pressure vessel domes are ellipsoidal and tori-spherical domes with skirt and nozzle part. These pressure vessel domes under loading have higher stress concentration on geometric discontinuity parts. Therefore, thickness optimization of axi-symmetric pressure vessel domes is essentially concerned on minimizing this stress concentration. The objective function is minimization of weight of pressure vessel dome. The design variable is thickness of dome and cylinder. Considered constraint is Von Mises equivalent stress. In the optimization procedure, ANSYS code is used. The equivalent and hoop stress of original shape domes are compared with those of optimal shape domes. And optimal thicknesses for pressure vessel domes are presented.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2001년도 Proceedings ICPE 01 2001 International Conference on Power Electronics
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• pp.286-290
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• 2001

This paper describes an improved short-circuit protection method with a boost type rectifier using a multilevel ac/dc power converter. The output dc power of the proposed converter can be disconnected from the load within several hundred microseconds at the instant of short-circuit fault. Once the fault has been cleared the dc power is reapplied to the load. The rising time of the dc load voltage is as small as several hundred microseconds, and there is no overshoot of the dc voltage because the dc output capacitors hold undischarged state. The converter, which employs the proposed method, has the characteristics of a simplified structure, reduced cost, weight, and volume compared with a conventional power supply, which has frequent output short-circuits. Experimental results are presented to verify the usefulness of the proposed converter.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.172-177
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• 2004

A planetary gear trains has characteristics in compactness, power transformation ability and constant meshing. Usability is increased in applications of auto transmission and industrial gearbox. Study on optimum design of planetary gear train has been progressed on minimization of weight, miniaturization of planetary gear train and improvement of high strength. There are demands of study for the planetary gear train required long lift estimation In this wort being considered life, strength, intereference, contact ratio and aspect ratio, the optimum design algorithm is proposed to reduce the volume of planetary gear train with transferring the same amount of power. In the design of algorithm for planetary gear train, the determination of teeth number is separated to achieve simplicity and the simulated annealing method as a global optimal technique is used for optimal design method.