• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.237-242
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• 2013

We investigated the antioxidant and angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of red snow crab Chionoecetes japonicas shell (RSCS) hydrolysate by enzymatic hydrolysis and its molecular weight cut-off fractions. The RSCS hydrolysate was fractionated through two ultrafiltration membranes of 3 and 10 kDa cut-offs. Three fractions (<3 kDa, 3-10 kDa, and >10 kDa) were evaluated for total amino acid composition, antioxidant activities using 2'-azino-bis[3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid] ($ABTS^+$) radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities and reducing power assays, and ACE inhibitory activity using Hou's method. Although all fractions showed activity, the <3 kDa fraction of RSCS hydrolysate exhibited the greatest $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging, SOD-like and ACE inhibitory activities. However, these fractions exhibited low reducing power. These results suggest that the low-molecular-weight enzymatic hydrolysate of RSCS could be used as a functional ingredient to control oxidative stress and ACE activity.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.747-750
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• 2004

Lightweight concrete is known for its advantage of reducing the self-weight of the structures, reducing the areas of sectional members as well as making the construction convenient. Thus the construction cost can be saved when applied. to . structures such as long-span bridge and high rise buildings. However, the lightweight concrete requires specific design mix method that is quite different from the typical concrete, since using the typical mix method would give rise the material segregation as well as lower the strength by the reduced weight of the aggregate. In order to avoid such problems, it is recommended to apply the design mix method of high performance self-compacting concrete for the lightweight concrete. Therefore, this study introduces a production of self-compacting concrete, PF-modified and improved version of Nan-Su's design mix method of self-compacting concrete. Through a series of test mixes conducted during the study, the quality of the concrete at its fresh condition has been evaluated per the 2nd class rating standards of self-compacting concrete published by JSCE, especially focused in its fluidity, segregation resistance ability, and filling ability.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.571-579
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The objectives were to investigate the effect of a 12-wk intervention with behavioral modification on clinical characteristics and dietary intakes of young and otherwise healthy obese and to identify factors for successful weight loss. The goal was to lose 0.5 kg per week by reducing 300-500 kcal/day and by increasing physical activities. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty four obese subjects (BMI > 25) and 19 normal weight subjects (BMI 18.5-23) finished the 12-week intervention. Obese subjects participated in 5 group educations and 6 individual counseling sessions. Normal weight subjects attended 6 individual counseling sessions for evaluations of dietary intake and exercise pattern. Anthropometric and clinical characteristics and 3-day dietary records were evaluated at baseline and week12. RESULTS: Weight and serum triglyceride and free fatty acid concentrations in obese group decreased significantly with intervention. Intakes of energy, fat, and cholesterol decreased significantly in the obese. Active participation, realistic weight loss goal setting, and weight gain after high school graduation not during childhood were identified as key factors for successful weight loss. CONCLUSIONS: The 12-week intervention with behavioral modification resulted in reduced energy and fat intakes and led to significant weight loss and improvements of clinical characteristics in the obese. The finding that those who became obese during childhood lost less weight indicates the importance of 'early' intervention.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.141-151
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• 2010

Gestational age and infant birth weight are influenced by gestational weight gain. This study was aimed to examine the effects of gestational weight gain on pregnancy outcomes. Pregnant women were recruited at two hospitals in Seoul area. Characteristics and dietary intakes of pregnant women were obtained using 24-hour recall questionnaires. Gestational weight gain was categorized as less (Under-gain) than, within (Recommended gain), or greater (Over-gain) than the Institute of Medicine guidelines. Maternal height and pre-pregnancy weight in the over-gain group significantly higher than under-gain and recommended gain group. Mini dietary assessment score of eating bean has significantly higher in under-gain group than recommended gain group and eating kimchi has significantly higher in undergain group than over-gain group. Score of eating fruit was significantly higher in over-gain group than other groups. The mean intake of carbohydrate in the recommended gain group were significantly higher than under-gain group, and mean intake of potassium in the over-gain group were significantly higher than under-gain group. Under-gain group showed the high rate of the preterm delivery and low birth weight infant delivery. However recommended gain group showed 46% reduced risk of preterm delivery (OR = 0.54 CI = 0.30-0.98). Risk of macrosomia increased with increasing gestational weight gain (p for trend < 0.05). In conclusion, pregnancy outcomes were influenced by gestational weight gain. Therefore, these finding suggested adequate gestational weight gain according to BMI for reducing the risk of preterm delivery, low birth weight and macrosomia.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.245-255
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• 2002

This study was designed to investigate body image, objective and subjective measurements of body size and shape, eating behavior, and weight control practices in 650 Korean adolescent girls; 500 of the subjects were 14 years old and enrolled in middle schools, while the remaining 150 were 17 years old and enrolled in high schools. Subjects responded anonymously to a self-administered questionnaire. The results showed that average height and weight of the subjects were 157cm and 49.5kg, respectively, while subjects ideal heights and weights averaged 164cm and 48kg, respectively. The ideal adult body heights and weights proposed by the subjects averaged 172cm and 55kg respectively. Over 50% of the subjects were dissatisfied with their body image; the degree of dissatisfaction with body image was higher in those who believed themselves to be fat. Most of the subjects wanted to lose weight and had tried to lose weight. Self-reported weight control practice methods included reducing food intake (31.9%), skipping meals (29.6%), exercise (25.8%), using slimming machines (6.9%), and using diet pills (5.1%). The heavier the subjects weight was, the greater the difference between the subjective and objective evaluations of body size. The body image scores of subjects who perceived themselves as fat were significantly lower than those of subjects who perceived themselves as normal or underweight. The difference between subjective and objective evaluations of body size, and the degree of obesity, were significantly higher in those subjects who had experience of weight control than those who had no experience of weight control. These results suggest that nutrition and health education programs for adolescent girls should be researched and implemented in order to establish a more realistic body image, positive habits in weight control, and healthful eating habits.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.477-493
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• 2016

This research was conducted to investigate the performance of a weight control program in university students in Daejeon during 3 months from November 2014 to February 2015. This program measured body measurement and composition analysis, nutritional education, and counseling every month. The status of students' weight control was surveyed before and after the program. The participants were 17 males (24.5 years old) and 15 females (20.8 years old). Their weights before the program were 78.2 kg (male) and 57.2 kg (female), whereas after the program, weights were 77.6 kg (male) and 56.2 kg (female). Weight reduction in students was 53.1%, and weight increase was 40.6% by the weight control program. Body mass index (BMI) tended to decrease after the program. Body fat % and muscle masses were not significantly different by program practice. Body image decision of females showed mainly 'normal' status while that of male was 'over fatty constitution', Before and after the program, the most prevalent method of weight control was exercise for all students. The most selected exercise was 'walking and jogging' during the program. For the most effective weight control method, female acknowledged both 'reducing amount of meals' and 'increasing exercise' while males selected 'increasing exercise.' On the side effects of weight control, over 40% of all students chose 'no experience' and 'loss of volition'. The degree of student's goal achievement was largely 20 ~-20% compared with their goal weights. Accordingly, this program didn't show significant effects. For effective weight control, it is recommended to conduct nutritional education. Students can exercise regularly and control diet to sustain a healthy and satisfactory body status.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.30 no.4 s.247
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• pp.451-456
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• 2006

The process for reducing the weight of the structure is chiefly performed by the machine processing. But, increasing the weight for strength of welding zone and geometrical defect are occurred in machine processing. In this study, chemical milling is applied to reduce the weight of the cylinder. Before chemical milling is applied to the cylinder, specimen testing is performed. After the specimen testing, NaOH 15% is selected to perform the chemical milling. After the chemical milling, the velocity of reagent is 0.0016 mm/min and the thickness of cylinder is about 2.4 mm after chemical milling.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.44-51
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• 2017

An ultra light quad-rotor is utilized in various areas for military and commercial purpose. Especially, the airframe shape is designed with various airframe size, weight and purpose. In this paper, the initial airframe shape of the quad-rotor was designed and manufactured. Flight test was conducted for the quad-rotor. The design modification of airframe shape was conducted to meet design requirement. By changing design, weight of airframe structure was reduced and payloads were placed to the best position. By reinforcing ribs and reducing vehicle's legs, the durability of airframe structure was enhanced.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.96-99
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• 2005

Noise and vibration generated by heavy-weight floor impact in apartment buildings were studied. The resonance frequency increased in the floor structures where damping materials were used in the living room and the bedroom. Both the acceleration wavelength and the acceleration level decreased. The results showed that the resonance frequency increased and vibration acceleration level decreased when the damping materials were used. Heavy-weight impact sound levels of the structure decreased substantially below 80Hz.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.461-468
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• 2000

In this study, a neural network based diagnostic system of a rotating spindle system supported by ball bearings was introduced. In order to create actual failure situations, two exemplary abnormal status were made. Out of several possible data source locations, ten measurement spots were chosen. In order to discriminate multiple abnormal status, a neural network system was introduced using back propagation algorithm updating connecting weight between each nodes. In order to find the optimal structure of the neural network system reducing the information sources, magnitude of the weight of the network was referred. Hinton diagram was used to visually inspect the least sensitive weight connecting between input and hidden layers. Number of input node was reduced from 10 to 7 and prediction rate was increased to 100%.