• Clean Technology
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2021

The adsorption of Acid Fuchsin (AF) on granular activated carbon (GAC) was investigated for isothermal adsorption and kinetics and thermodynamic parameters by experimenting with the initial concentration, contact time, temperature, and pH of the dye as adsorption parameters. In the pH effect experiment, the adsorption of AF on activated carbon showed a bathtub type with increased adsorption at pH 3 and 11. The adsorption equilibrium data of AF fit well with the Freundlich isotherm model, and the calculated separation factor (1/n) value was found in which activated carbon can effectively remove AF. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model fits well within 7.88% of the error percent in the adsorption process. According to Weber and Morris's model plot, it was divided into two straight lines. The intraparticle diffusion rate was slow because the stage 2 (intraparticle diffusion) slope was smaller than that of stage 1 (boundary layer diffusion). Therefore, it was confirmed that the intraparticle diffusion was a rate-controlling step. The activation energy of AF (13.00 kJ mol-1) corresponded to the physical adsorption process (5 - 40 kJ mol-1). The free energy change of the AF adsorption by activated carbon showed negative values at 298-318 K. As the spontaneity increased with increasing temperature. The adsorption of AF was an endothermic reaction (ΔH = 22.65 kJ mol-1).

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.211-218
• /
• 2004

It was amazing that efficiency of bureaucratic system, when Marx Weber presented theory of bureaucracy. Now, Government and Bureaucratic organization are confronted with a forked road of change. The purpose of this paper is not so much to force choices among the alternative visions of governance but rather to make the choices available to governments more evident. Any choice of paradigms for government and administration is unlikely to be Pareto optimal, but we should be clear about what we receive and what we sacrifice when we make these judgements about governance. Today, government and public bureaucracy must be changed. There are needed an innovation of government and public bureaucracy. It must be changed concepts from government to governance. Governance is a national management.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.73-84
• /
• 2011

Online game market accounts for 56.4% of entire game industry in Korea. MMORPG games account for a great part of online game market which have 45.27%. However, most of them are wholly reliant on their subjective criteria - not general rule or standard in the planning and developing process. For this reason, they can be easily misunderstood imitation game which has no difference or creativeness from masterpiece. In this paper to solve this problem especially deals with the quantification of flow through analysis of MMORPG to propose common information or method of quantitative analysis. The method of quantitative analysis which deals with the quantification of flow through analysis of successful MMORPG verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.419-421
• /
• 2009

The freezing point would be different as the atmospheric pressure and humidity change. So if we can measure the transparency of ice, it should be easy that we approximate a freezing process and estimate the density of ice. This paper presents the method for estimating the transparency of ice in images. First, ice images are mapped to the $CIEL^*a^*b^*$ color space, and we make a new index for the ice transparency by using the average of $L^*$ and RMS(Root Mean Square) Contrast. In this case, the new index is better than the other existing method, i.e, Weber contrast, and Michelson contrast.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.209-215
• /
• 1989

Changes of protein contents and amino acid composition and SDS-PAGE pattern of protein of mung bean which were germinated in dark at $25^{\circ}C$ for 6 day. The total protein contents gradually decreased during germination and the contents of each fractionative soluble proteins were increased shortly after the soaking of mung bean and gradually decreased during the germination afterwards. SDS-PAGE of albumin fraction showed 18 bands, and during the germination the most of bands were diminished or disappeared. But protein bands at 24,000, 40,000, 45,000, 70,000 dalton position remained until 6th day of germination. SDS-PAGE of globulin fraction showed 6 discrete bands, and during the germination the protein band at 45,000 dalton position disappeard. But the protein bands at $14,000{\sim}25,000$ dalton position did not change during the period. SDS-PAGE of glutelin fraction showed 10 discrete bands, and during the germination the bands of $45,000{\sim}70,000$ dalton become diminished or disappeared. But the bands of 30,000, 60,000 dalton did not change throughout the germination period.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2021.06a
• /
• pp.252-252
• /
• 2021

하천 합류부의 흐름거동은 단일 하천 흐름거동에 비해 복잡한 흐름 특성을 나타낸다. 하천의 본류와 지류가 만나는 합류지점에서는 유량비, 합류각의 변화에 따라 전단면(shear plane), 재순환류(recirculation zone)가 발생할 수 있다. 이러한 하천 합류부의 복잡한 흐름특성은 하상의 침식 또는 퇴적을 야기할 수 있고, 수심의 변화, 수생태 변화 등을 일으켜, 하천환경 변화에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 2차원 흐름해석모형 HDM-2D를 이용하여 하천합류부에서 2차원 흐름 모의를 수행하였으며, 합류각의 변화에 따른 흐름특성 변화를 분석했다. HDM-2D 흐름모의 결과의 검증을 위해 90° 각도의 합류수로에 대한 Weber et al.(2001)의 실험결과를 이용했다. 그 결과, 합류지점 하류에서 발생하는 재순환류 및 수위하강, 유속의 변화 등의 수치모의결과가 실험결과와 유사한 변화를 나타냈다. 지류 합류 각도의 변화에 따른 하류 흐름변화를 비교하기 위해 3가지 합류부 각도(30°, 45°, 60°)에 대해 흐름모의를 수행했다. 합류지점의 흐름특성을 분석하기 위해 합류지점의 계산격자를 세밀하게 구성했다. 합류지점 하류에서 발생하는 재순환류의 길이와 최대 폭의 변화로부터 재순환류 발생면적을 계산하였으며, 합류각도의 변화에 따른 흐름특성을 비교 분석 하였다. 흐름모의 결과, 본류와 지류의 합류각이 30°일 때 합류부 내측의 재순환류가 거의 발생하지 않았으며, 합류각이 45°이상일 때 합류각 증가에 따라 재순환류의 폭과 너비가 증가하는 결과를 나타냈다. 또한 합류각 증가에 의해 재순환류 발생 면적이 증가함에 따라 합류부 하류의 수심이 더 큰 폭으로 감소하는 결과를 나타냈다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.35 no.9
• /
• pp.799-804
• /
• 2007

The behavior of spray emanating from an injector to be employed in a liquid-propellant thrust chamber is investigated by optical measurement techniques. The injector has eight holes, each of which has 30 cant angle from the center-axis with the diameter of 0.406 mm. In order to examine an atomization process according to the spray-generation conditions and the evolution along spray downstream, variational features in the velocity and size of droplets obtained through Dual-mode Phase Doppler An 799emometry (DPDA) are delineated and discussed together with instantaneous plane images captured by using Nd:Yag laser sheet beam. A categorization of spray-flow regime representing the atomization and turbulent nature is made through evaluating the non-dimensional parameters, i.e., Reynolds number and Weber number based upon the theoretical injection velocity. These qualitative and quantitative data of spray breakup will be a firm basis for the design of brand-new thruster

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.279-285
• /
• 1993

It is important to understand the interrelationship between adsorption, equilibrium and mass transport in efficient design and operation of the granular activated carbon(GAC) adsorption systems. In this study, the micro-diameter-depth adsorption system(MIDDAS) technique was developed to estimate equilibrium and mass transport parameters, which were utilized to simulate adsorption and mass transport phenomena dynamically and mathematically. The homogeneous surface diffusion model(HSDM) utilizing the estimated equilibrium and mass transport parameters including the film transfer coefficients and surface diffusivities from the MIDDAS technique, successfully predicted competitive adsorption, desorption and chromatographic displacement effects. In the binary solute system of p-chlorophenol(PCP) and p-nitrophenol(PNP), PCP was displaced by PNP and the HSDM could predict successfully. While the HSDM described the desorption breakthrough curves for PCP, PNP and PTS well when complete reversible adsorption was assumed, the desorption breakthrough curves for DBS could be predicted after subsequent incorporation of the degree of irreversibility into the model simulations.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.34 no.7
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 2006

The spray and breakup characteristics of swirling liquid sheet were investigated by measuring the spray angle and breakup length as the axial Weber number Wel was increased up to 1554 and the ambient gas pressure up to 4.0MPa. As Wel and ambient gas density increased, the disturbances on the annular liquid sheet surface were amplified by the increase of the aerodynamic forces, and thus the liquid sheet disintegrated near from the injector exit. The measured spray angles according to the ambient gas density were different before and after the sheet breaks. Before the liquid sheet breaks, the spray angle was almost constant, but once the liquid sheet started to breakup, the spray angle decreased. And the breakup length decreased because of the increase of the aerodynamic force as the ambient gas density and Wel increased. Lastly, the measured breakup length according to the ambient gas density and Wel was compared with the result by the linear instability theory. We found that the corrected linear instability theory considering the attenuation of sheet thickness agrees well with our experimental results.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.271-300
• /
• 2013

Human and animals are born with an intuitive ability to determine approximate numerosity. This ability is termed approximate number sense (hereafter, number sense). Evolutionarily, number sense is thought to be an essential ability for hunting, gathering and survival. According to previous research, children with mathematical learning disability have impaired number sense. On the other hand, individuals with more accurate number sense have higher mathematical achievement. These results support the hypothesis that number sense provides a basis for the development of mathematical cognition. Recently, researchers have been examining whether number sense training can lead to enhancement in mathematical achievement and changes in brain activity in relation to mathematical problem solving. Numerosity which basically represents discontinuous quantity is expected to be closely related to continuous quantity such as representations of space and time. A theory of magnitude (ATOM) states that processing of number, space and time is based on a common magnitude system in the posterior parietal cortex, especially the intraparietal sulcus. The present paper introduces current literature and future directions for the study of the common magnitude system.