• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.41-65
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• 2015

Online firms collect consumers' private information, which serves as a valuable database for marketing activities. In order to encourage consumers to provide their private information, online firms offer high quality websites for consumers who provide private information. However, identity theft, phishing, and pharming, become critical social issues, consumers started to avoid providing their private information to online firms. Thus, consumers often provide false or limited information, which lacks value for practical use for the online firms. The main issue raised in this study is to discuss how online marketing activities has influence on consumers attitude and information providing behavior. From the result, this paper found that websites reputation had greatest impact on willingness of providing information. Also this study revealed that unauthorized use is the key factor for increasing distrust and avoidance of providing information.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.37-48
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• 2009

The standardization of marketing has been one of the most focused research topics in international marketing. The term "global marketing" was often used to mean an internationally standardized marketing strategy based on similarities between foreign markets. Marketing standardization was discussed only within the context of traditional physical marketplaces. Since then, the digital "marketspace" of the Internet had emerged in the 90's, and it became one of the most important drivers of the globalization process opening new opportunities for the standardization of global marketing activities. On the other hand, the opinion that a greater adoption of the Internet by customers may lead to a higher degree of customization and differentiation of products rather than standardization is also quite popular. Considering this disagreement, it is notable that comprehensive studies which focus upon the marketing standardization especially in the context of global e-commerce are missing to a high degree. On this background, the two basic research questions being addressed in this study are: (1) To what extent do companies standardize their marketing in international e-commerce? (2) Is there an impact of marketing standardization on the performance (or success) of these companies? Following research hypotheses were generated based upon literature review: H 1: Internationally engaged e-commerce firms show a growing readiness for marketing standardization. H 2: Marketing standardization exerts positive effects on the success of companies in international e-commerce. H 3: In international e-commerce, marketing mix standardization exerts a stronger positive effect on the economic as well as the non-economic success of companies than marketing process standardization. H 4: The higher the non-economic success in international e-commerce firms, the higher the economic success. The data for this research were obtained from a questionnaire survey conducted from February to April 2005. The international e-commerce companies of various industries in Germany and all subsidiaries or headquarters of foreign e-commerce companies based in Germany were included in the survey. 118 out of 801 companies responded to the questionnaire. For structural equation modelling (SEM), the Partial-Least. Squares (PLS) approach in the version PLS-Graph 3.0 was applied (Chin 1998a; 2001). All of four research hypotheses were supported by result of data analysis. The results show that companies engaged in international e-commerce standardize in particular brand name, web page design, product positioning, and the product program to a high degree. The companies intend to intensify their efforts for marketing mix standardization in the future. In addition they want to standardize their marketing processes also to a higher degree, especially within the range of information systems, corporate language and online marketing control procedures. In this study, marketing standardization exerts a positive overall impact on company performance in international e-commerce. Standardization of marketing mix exerts a stronger positive impact on the non-economic success than standardization of marketing processes, which in turn contributes slightly stronger to the economic success. Furthermore, our findings give clear support to the assumption that the non-economic success is highly relevant to the economic success of the firm in international e-commerce. The empirical findings indicate that marketing standardization is relevant to the companies' success in international e-commerce. But marketing mix and marketing process standardization contribute to the firms' economic and non-economic success in different ways. The findings indicate that companies do standardize numerous elements of their marketing mix on the Internet. This practice is in part contrary to the popular concept of a "differentiated standardization" which argues that some elements of the marketing mix should be adapted locally and others should be standardized internationally. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the overall standardization of marketing -rather than the standardization of one particular marketing mix element - is what brings about a positive overall impact on success.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.10
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• pp.1-26
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• 2002

The present study examines the role of subjectively perceived factors of the attitude toward web shopping in forming an intention to use a web shopping intention. An integrative research model is presented and tested empirically. It includes the following three aspects of belief in Davis' TAM: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived enjoyment. Specially, internet self-efficacy, or the belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute courses of Internet actions required to produce given attainments, is a potentially important factor in efforts to gain more favorable attitude toward web shopping close the digital divide that separates experienced Internet users from novices. Prior research on Internet self-efficacy has been limited to examining specific task performance and narrow behavioral domains rather than overall attainments in relation to general Internet use, and has not yielded evidence of reliability and construct validity. Survey data were collected to develop a reliable operational measure of Internet self-efficacy and to examine its construct validity. Also, much previous research has established that perceived ease of use is an important factor influencing user acceptance and usage behavior of information technologies. However, very little research has been conducted to understand how that perception forms and changes over time. The present study examines that higher internet self-efficacy is more getting favorable web shopping attitude, and web shopping intention as more as usefulness, enjoyment through the internet.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.12
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• pp.99-119
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• 2003

A model is proposed for the role of emotional intensity of a web site, and the moderating influence of product involvement, in the Integrative Framework of persuasion (Meyers-Levy and Malvaiya 1999). The model also appropriately operationalizes the constructs emotional intensity of a web site and product involvement The three routes to persuasion, Central, Peripheral, and Experiential correspond to high, moderate, and low involvement (Meyers-Levy and Malaviya 1999). The involvement construct is measured from message recipients using the Personal Product Inventory (Pill, which was developed to capture the concept of product involvement (Zaichkowsky 1985). The conceptualization of the Personal Product Inventory is a contextrree measure that also has robust psychometric properties when applied to advertisements (Zaichkowsky 1994). The propositions highlight the expected importance of emotional intensity of a web site. The moderating influence of product involvement is also proposed. Specifically, what this work proposes is that the emotional intensity of a product site has a larger impact on attitude change under low product involvement, as opposed to moderate product involvement. Support for this reasoning can be found in the persuasion literature (Petty et al 1986). The Petty et al (1986) frame work is a dual process descriptive and predictive frame work in the area of altitude formation and change. Recently, Myers Levy and Malaviya (1999) have proposed a tri-process framework. This is in tum based on the dual process model of Petty et al. (1986). The study outlined in this paper aims to deepen the Meyers Levy and Malaviya (1999) and frame work. The propositions outlined in the model are empirically tested using a repeated measures experimental design. The emotional intensity is measured using a scale that is based on experts judgments. Using a paired comparison t-test two sites are determined to be of high and low emotional intensity. The model is tested using a repeated measures experimental design. The first independent variable Emotional Intensity of the site is manipulated. The Second independent variable, Personal Product Inventory is measured. While, the dependent variable, product altitude change will also be measured. Utilizing Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) the data is analyzed using SPSS. The results suggest that besides the rational content of messages their emotional content can also influence attitude change. Specifically, it is proposed that the manipulation of emotional intensity of a product Web site has a greater impact on product altitudes under high and low product involvement conditions, rather than moderate product involvement. However, the results for product involvement as a continuous variable has a p value of 0.09. Further, the results for three levels of product involvement were far from significant. For two levels of product involvement also, the results were insignificant, the p value approached 0.20. This evidence indicates that it is premature to conclude that there are three routes to persuasion. A caveat, however, must be added, in that the manipulations may not have been strong enough to test the proposed hypotheses. Further, undoubtedly, there is unequivocal evidence the emotional intensity of a product Web site, as measured here, has a direct impact on product attitudes.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.21 no.4_spc
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• pp.415-429
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• 2014

With the advent of smart devices, users are able to connect to each other through the Internet without the constraints of time and space. Because the Internet has become increasingly important to users in their everyday lives, reliance on it has grown. As a result, the number of web sites constantly increases and the competition between these sites becomes more intense. Even those sites that operate successfully struggle to establish new strategies for customer retention and customer development in order to survive. Many companies use various customer information in order to establish marketing strategies based on customer group segmentation A method commonly used to determine the customer groups of individual sites is to infer customer characteristics based on the customers' demographic information. However, such information cannot sufficiently represent the real characteristics of customers. For example, users who have similar demographic characteristics could nonetheless have different interests and, therefore, different buying needs. Hence, in this study, customers' interests are first identified through an analysis of their Internet news inquiry records. This information is then integrated in order to identify each web category. The study then analyzes the possibilities for the practical use of the proposed methodology through its application to actual Internet news inquiry records and web site browsing histories.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.143-148
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• 2012

QR Code is available in many areas(business cards, coupons, advertising, billing, etc) due to the increase in the smart phones. In particular, the company's image and marketing are also available and using the Internet address, personal and corporate PR and publicity are also available. I was implemented the mobile web platform by the case wine information that easily seen but difficult to understand the information. Using QR Code, consumers can get information easily and quickly. In addition, based on the idea of using mobile web platform, variety of services and benefits will be able to expected.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to explore how small and medium enterprises in India has identified the opportunities and challenges in adopting the Web 3.0 technologies to improve their productivity and efficiency. After an in-depth literature review, researchers framed a semi-structured questionnaire with open-ended questions for collecting responses from managers working in 40 Indian SME's representing five key economic sectors. The collected data was analyzed, and themes were encoded using the NVivo 11 computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software. Content analysis was used to analyze the data collected with the semi-structured interviews. This study identified five key themes and 12 subthemes illustrating the key advantages and challenges as perceived by the managerial leadership of SMEs. The five key themes identified in this study include integration of data and services, the creation of new functionalities, privacy and security, financial and technological challenges, and organizational challenges. The results of this study will benefit the organizational leadership of SMEs in planning and developing their short-term and long-term information systems strategies and will enable SME leaders to make optimal use of their information technology assets, improving the productivity and competitiveness of the firms. Web 3.0 technologies are considered as emerging technologies, so the advantages and challenges of using these technologies for SMEs have not been explored in the context of emerging economies, such as India.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1200-1204
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• 2009

Success or failure depends on the customer relationships from information services. Recently, as strengthening the customer relationships, marketing with the customer relationships through the web-site is being important factor. In the web-site, applying the service brand or the sense of community in online is the core. In the order to apply the sense of community in online to KISTI's Scent web-site, it is operated KISTI's Scent supporters and proposed the management of customer group plans.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.257-270
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to visualize the semantic network with big data related to food exhibition at convention center. For this, this study collected data containing 'coex food exhibition/bexco food exhibition' keywords from web pages and news on Google during one year from January 1 to December 31, 2016. Data were collected by using TEXTOM, a data collecting and processing program. From those data, degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality and eigenvector centrality were analyzed by utilizing packaged NetDraw along with UCINET 6. The result showed that the web visibility of hospitality and destinations was high. In addition, the web visibility was also high for convention center programs, such as festival, exhibition, k-pop and event; hospitality related words, such as tourists, service, hotel, cruise, cuisine, travel. Convergence of iterated correlations showed 4 clustered named "Coex", "Bexco", "Nations" and "Hospitality". It is expected that this diagnosis on food exhibition at convention center according to changes in domestic environment by using these web information will be a foundation of baseline data useful for establishing convention marketing strategies.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.4 s.107
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• pp.525-534
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• 2006

Ontology specifies the knowledge in a specific domain and defines the concepts of knowledge and the relationships between concepts. It is possible to provide the service based on the semantic web through the ontology. Therefore, to specify and define the knowledge in a specific domain, it is required to generate the ontology which conceptualizes the knowledge. Accordingly, to search the information of potential customers for home-delivery marketing of post office, we design the specific domain to generate the ontology based on the semantic web in this paper. And we propose how to retrieve the information, using the generated ontology. We implement the data search robot which collects the information based on the generated ontology. Also, we confirm that the ontology and the search robot perform the information retrieval exactly.