• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.624-633
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• 2021

This study was intended to compare the comfort of wearing each type of commercially available bralette. The trial wearing experiment was conducted on five women in their 20s who wear an average Korean bra size of 70A. The experimental bralettes were of four types: a bralette with both hooks and pads and a bralette without both, a bralette with hooks but no pads, and a bralette with pads but no hooks. The wearing test results are as follows. First, in terms of functional satisfaction, the padded bralette provided the greatest satisfaction in supporting the chest from the bottom up and bringing it to the center, and the bralette without the pad provided the least satisfaction. In addition, the level of convenience of attaching/detaching was about twice as high in the bralette with hooks than those without hooks. Chest compression was found to be greater in bralettes without hooks than in those with hooks. In terms of the pressure on the shoulder strap and on the lower chest band, it was found that bralettes with hooks had a greater sense of pressure than those without. In the appearance characteristics test, the unpadded bralettes scored higher than the padded one in the matter of feeling embarrassed, because in unpadded bralettes, the nipples were exposed underneath the clothes . This study is meaningful in classifying the design of the bralette and evaluating the fit for each design in the absence of prior research on the bralette.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.336-345
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• 2019

This study evaluated the preference and wearing characteristics of existing fitness compression wear for elderly women and identified the problems and improvements of existing fitness apparel. Preference and wearing characteristics for 6 types (A-F) of upper and lower fitness compression wear were evaluated. Photos and drawings as well as the preferred designs and details were investigated after presenting the evaluation clothing. Evaluations were made on a 5 point Likert scale for the fitness, allowance, pressure, ease of movement, fabric material, and overall satisfaction after wearing. The design preference indicated that B type (26.6%) and C type (23.4%) were preferred in the top with C, E and F type preferred to the same ratio of 19.4% in the slacks. The fitness and allowance amount of the top B type were the most appropriate (${\geq}4$), the C type was in close contact (2.86), and the F type was inadequate in the neck circumference (1.77). The feeling of pressure was high in the waist, abdomen, thighs, and knees. The area where the elderly people want to improve their strength was the legs; in addition, a pattern design was needed to strengthen leg muscles when designing fitness compression wear. However, a design with excessive adhesion due to a muscle support band was shown to be not preferred. Therefore, depending on the activity, it is necessary to develop a fitness compression wear that applies an optimum stretching ratio of fabric based on body surface area changes.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide a basic data of clothing development which can improve the satisfaction of the body shape by examining the subjective evaluation and type characteristics of the old-old women themselves. Q methodology was used for the study of subjectivity. The types of the body shape of the old-old women were analyzed as five types: bent body with protruding abdomen, backward bent body with slender legs, inverted triangle, swollen cylinder, triangle. The bent body with protruding abdomen had a bent back and waist. They were recognized that the bust and shoulders were sagging and abdomen was protruding. The backward bent body with slender legs was the smallest of the five types with a BMI index and shoulders and bust were sagging. And knee and waist were bent and legs were thin. The inverted triangular shape showed the highest BMI index among the 5 types, indicating that it is obese. They thought that the upper body was developed and the lower body and legs were slender. The swollen cylinder shape was analyzed to be the smallest and the most fat body. The triangle shape had developed lower body and bent back and waist. It is considered that a design consideration is needed to cover the disadvantages of the body shape in consideration of not only wearing feeling but also aesthetic part when making clothes. By making ergonomic garments considering the characteristics of body shape, it can be expected to change the body shape due to the wearing of clothing that is not suitable for body shape and the effect on physical health in a positive direction.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2015

목적: 콘택트렌즈를 권장착용시간 동안 착용한 후에 렌즈의 재질에 따라 발생하는 각막부종의 정도를 비교해 보고자 한다. 방법: 안질환이나 약물사용이 없는 성인남녀 43명 77안을 대상으로 하였다. Narafilcon A, HEMA, 실리콘 하이드로젤 재질의 정기교체형 렌즈 3종의 렌즈를 사용하였다. 중심각막두께는 Pentacam을 사용하여 렌즈 착용 전과 8시간 착용 후를 측정하였다. 착용 전과 후의 차이 값으로 각막부종의 정도를 판단하였다. 결과: Narafilcon A, HEMA 재질의 렌즈, 실리콘 하이드로젤 재질의 정기교체형 렌즈의 평균 각막부종은 각각 $2.36{\pm}6.15{\mu}m(Mean{\pm}SD)$, $23.61{\pm}10.71{\mu}m$, $18.25{\pm}8.64{\mu}m$였다. Narafilcon A를 착용한 뒤 측정된 중심각막두께는 착용 전 측정한 중심각막두께와 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. HEMA와 실리콘 하이드로젤 재질의 렌즈에서 착용 후에 유발된 각막부종은 그 정도에 있어 narafilcon A와 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 결론: 정기교체형 실리콘 하이드로젤 재질 렌즈에서 유발된 각막부종의 양은 HEMA 재질의 렌즈에서 유발된 각막부종의 양과 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었지만 narafilcon A와는 유의한 차이가 있었다. 따라서 콘택트렌즈 재료의 조성에 따라 권장착용시간을 초과하지 않도록 주의해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.279-289
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• 2013

목적: 소프트 콘택트렌즈를 일시 제거한 상태에서 굴절보정을 위한 굴절검사 시의 굴절력 변화를 평가하고자 하였다. 방법: 17세에서 39세(평균 $24{\pm}4.8$세)의 소프트 렌즈 착용자 91명(남자 15명, 여자 76명 총 182안)을 대상으로 하였다. 렌즈를 제거한 뒤 즉시, 30분, 60분, 90분 후 타각적, 자각적 굴절검사 및 각막곡률반경검사를 하였다. 렌즈의 종류, 피팅 및 착용 상태별로 측정 시간에 따른 굴절력 변화를 평가하였다. 결과: 타각적, 자각적 굴절검사 및 각막곡률반경검사에서 측정 시간대별로 유의한 변화를 보였다(p<0.0001). 굴절력은 측정 초기(렌즈 제거 후 30분 후)에서 완만한 근시화 경향을, 그리고 측정 후반(렌즈 제거 후 60분에서 90분)에서 미약한 근시화 경향을 보였다. 렌즈 종류, 피팅 상태, 착용 시간, 착용 일수 및 검사 전날의 수면 시간에 따른 유의한 차이는 없었으나, 각막곡률의 변화에서 측정 시간과 렌즈 종류(p=0.017), 피팅 상태(p=0.019) 및 수면 시간(p=0.010) 간의 상호작용 효과는 유의하였다. 결론: 소프트 콘택트렌즈의 종류, 피팅 및 착용 상태와 상관없이 렌즈 제거 후 굴절력과 각막곡률의 안정화 시점은 적어도 60분 이상으로 나타났다. 따라서 굴절보정을 위한 굴절검사 시 가능한 60분 이상 기다린 후 실시하여야 할 것이다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2020

The consequences of wearing high heels can be different according to the heel height, gait speed, shoe design, heel base area, and shoe size. This study aimed to focus on the knee extension and flexion range of motion (ROM) during gait, which were challenged by wearing five different shoe heel types and two different self-selected gait speeds (comfortable and fast) as experimental conditions. Measurement standards of knee extension and flexion ROM were individually calibrated at the time of heel strike, mid-stance, toe-off, and stance phase based on the 2-minute video recordings of each gait condition. Seven healthy young women (20.7 ± 0.8 years) participated and they were asked to walk on a treadmill wearing the five given shoes at a self-selected comfortable speed (average of 2.4 ± 0.3 km/h) and a fast speed (average of 5.1 ± 0.2 km/h) in a random order. All of the shoes were in size 23.5 cm. Three of the given shoes were 9.0 cm in height, the other two were flat shoes and sneakers. A motion capture software (Kinovea 0.8.27) was used to measure the kinematic data; changes in the knee angles during each gait. During fast speed gait, the knee extension angles at heel strike and mid-stance were significantly decreased in all of the 3 high heels (p<0.05). The results revealed that fast gait speed causes knee flexion angle to significantly increase at toe-off in all five types of shoes. However, there was a significant difference in both the knee flexion and extension angles when the gait in stiletto heels and flat shoes were compared in fast gait condition (p<0.05). This showed that walking fast in high heels leads to abnormal knee ROM and thus can cause damages to the knee joints. The findings in this preliminary study can be a basis for future studies on the kinematic changes in the lower extremity during gait and for the analysis of causes and preventive methods for musculoskeletal injuries related to wearing high heels.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.30-39
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• 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in gait and mobility according to the types of assistive device for ankle joint including ankle foot orthosis (AFO), non-elastic tape, elastic tape, and high ankle shoes in chronic hemiplegic stroke survivors. Design: A cross-over design. Methods: Twelve hemiplegic stroke survivors participated in this study, and they walked under 5 different conditions including bare feet, wearing a AFO, wearing a non-elastic tape, wearing a elastic tape, and wearing a high ankle shoes. During the participants walked, the spatio-temporal gait analysis and mobility examinations were performed. For the spatio-temporal gait analysis (gait velocity and cadence, step length, stride length, and single and double leg support time) and mobility examinations, the gait mat, TUG and TUDS were used. Results: As s results, on the AFO, non-elastic tape, elastic tape, and high ankle shoes, there were significantly differences in the all spatio-temporal gait parameters, TUG, and TUDS compared to barefoot (p<0.05). In particular, all spatio-temporal gait parameters, TUG, TUDS were significantly improved with AFO compared to barefoot. TUG was significantly improved with AFO compared to non-elastic tape, TUG and TUDS were significantly improved with AFO compared to elastic tape, gait velocity was significantly improved with non-elastic tape compared to high ankle shoes, gait velocity and TUG were significantly improved with elastic tape compared to high ankle shoes, and TUDS was significantly improved with non-elastic tape compared to elastic tape. Conclusion: The AFO, non-elastic tape, elastic tape, and high ankle shoes showed a positive effect on gait and mobility compared to barefoot, and among them, wearing AFO was most effective for improving gait and mobility of chronic hemiplegic stroke survivors.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.942-949
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate purchasing practice and size satisfaction in order to offer basic data to establish marketing strategy and produce ready-made clothes for the male college students according to their body type. For data analysis, crosstabs, factor analysis and one-way ANOVA were used. Results were as follows; first, this study considered the somatotype distribution of male college students. The results showed that inverted triangle -shaped torso was the ideal somatotype in all the classified four actual somatotypes. Second, people in standard body types significantly considered price and appearance such as design, color, pattern and price while people in triangle-shaped torso placed the most importance in the practicality and wearability. People with inverted triangle-shaped torso was found to significantly consider the perceptual quality such as brand, a/s and fashion. Third, this study considered the wearing satisfaction of ready-to-wear. The respondents placed more emphasis on the practicality and wearability as their actual somatotypes were not ideal for them. Fourth, the examination of the difference in size fitness depending on clothing by somatotype when wearing ready-to-wear showed that breast on the top was small when wearing it in the remaining somatotypes except for standard somatotype. The upper body showed better size fitness in triangle-shaped torso. There is a difference in fitness according to somatotypes classified by the form factors even though they have the same body mass index.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.826-832
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• 1998

In order to understand the influences of wearing clothings with different thermal insula-tions when men were exposed from $25^{\circ}C$ environment to 18$^{\circ}C$ environment, thermoregulatory responses were measured on 4 healthy female college students. Subjects rested wearing T-shirts, trousers, and socks called LC(total weight 541g) at 25$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 50$\pm$5% R.H. and then exposed to the room conditioned in 18$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 50$\pm$5$^{\circ}C$ R.H. with LC as it was(LC Type) or with T-shirts, trousers, socks, training wear upper garment, the training wear lower garment called HC (total weight 1368g)(HC Type) for 120 min. The results can be summarized as follows: 1) When subjects were exposed from $25^{\circ}C$ environment to 18$^{\circ}C$ environment, decrease of rectal temperature was significantly smaller in LC Type than in HC Type. 2)Increase of heat production and weight loss had no significant difference between two types of clothing. 3)Internal thermal conductance was higher in HC Type and external thermal conductance was higher in LC Type. Therefore total thermal conductance was higher in LC Type than in HC Type. 4)Decrease of skin temperature was greater in LC Type than in HC Type. 5)Subjects felt colder with LC Type than with HC Type, but did not feel differently in comfort sensation between two types of clothing. It was suggested that less decrease of rectal temperature in LC type inspite of more dry heat loss from body might be ascribed to a shift of blood from the shell area to the core area originating in the vasoconstriction and the lowered internal thermal conductance. In conclu-sion, the importance of the state of internal heat distribution in the homeostasis seemed to be reaffirmed.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.94-104
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• 2021

Objectives: A number of medical institutions have been conducting fit tests to perform seal checks on masks. This study aimed to compare the differences fit factor before and after domestic N95 mask-wearing training through a fit-test. Methods: A survey of 59 healthcare workers was conducted regarding whether they had undergone a fit test or received training on mask-wearing. Further, the fit of two types of domestic N95 masks was measured before and after the training using a QNFT(Quantitative Fit test). The average fit factors before and after training were compared using a paired t-test. Additionally the differences in the fit test pass rate were analyzed using a McNemar test. Results: A statistically significant difference was seen between the fit factors in the fit tests conducted before and after the training (p=0.0015), as well as in the fit of the two types of masks tested (p<0.01). Thus, an improvement in mask fitting was seen after the training, even with differently fitted masks. Conclusions: Upon using a QNFT, a significant increase in the fit factors for N95 masks was observed after training compared with masks that were fitted as usual. This highlights the importance of training in mask-wearing, with the conclusion that training healthcare providers will improve the fit of masks.