• Title/Summary/Keyword: Waterproof Design

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The Study on the Physiological Response in Wearing Sportswear in Two Different Environments

  • Kwon, Oh Kyung;Kim, Jin-A
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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    • v.2 no.5
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    • pp.416-422
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    • 2000
  • In this study, to find out the physiological reaction of the human body and the sensation of comfort when people are wearing sportswear which is made of waterproof breathable fabrics under general environmental conditions (temperature : $20{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, humidity : $60{\pm}5%RH$, air current : 0.1 m/sec) and rainy environmental conditions (temperature : $20{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, humidity : $60{\pm}5%RH$, air current : 0.1 m/sec, rainfall : 250 1/hr), we made an experiment with sportswear in an artificial climate chamber and studied the thermal physiological response and subjective sensation. Mean skin temperature of the subjects was low and had a big range of fluctuation in rainy environmental conditions of two condition. Temperature started to increase at the beginning of the exercise, reached the maximum at the 2nd level of the exercise and then started to decline. Rectal temperature showed a slighter increase and bigger range of fluctuation in general conditions than in rainy conditions. Except clothing micro climate in rainy conditions, temperature and humidity and their range of fluctuation around back were higher than those around chest. Humidity was high and had wide range of fluctuation in general conditions. Heart rate was 4.4 beats/min higher in general conditions. In subjective test on rainy conditions, the feeling of discomfort increased due to the raindrops fallen on the skin. Unlike that in general conditions, cold sensation increased and humidity sensation reached to the peak after the exercise. In wearing sportswear made of shape memory breathable waterproof fabric, controlling function over a small amount of heat and water was distinctive while it turned out to be not so comfortable over a large amount of heat and water. Through this, the limitation of shape memory breathable waterproof fabric was recognised.

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Development of Thermoplastic-Thermoset Multi Component Injection Mold for a Waterproof Connector (방수커넥터용 열가소성-열경화성 이종소재 사출금형 개발)

  • Jung, T. S.;Choi, K. S.
    • Transactions of Materials Processing
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.418-425
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    • 2015
  • Based on eco-friendly advantages and the enhanced development in the chemical and physical characteristics, liquid silicone rubber (LSR) is widely used in producing precision parts in the automotive, medical, electronics, aeronautical and many other industries. In the current work, a thermoplastic-thermoset multi component injection molding (MCM) was developed for a waterproof automotive connector housing using PBT and LSR resins. Measurements of the rheological characteristics of PBT and LSR were made to improve the reliability of the numerical analysis for the multi component injection process. With the measured viscosity, pvT and curing data, numerical analysis of the multi cycle injection molding was conducted using simulation software (Sigma V5.0).

The Repair Method of Water Leakage in the Underground Structure Using the Quick Micro-Cement and the Polyacrylic Resin (급결마이크로시멘트와 폴리아크릴수지를 이용한 지하구조물의 누수 보수방법)

  • Song, Je-Young;Lee, Sun-Gyu;Park, Jin-Sang;Bae, Sung-Woo;Oh, Sang-Keun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2013.05a
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    • pp.247-248
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    • 2013
  • The waterproof construction for walls and floor in the underground parking lot in the construction of the apartment buildings have been excluded to the introduction of the waterproof design until now, because of the shorten construction period and the reduced construction costs. The concrete structures are existed to the joints in the vertical or horizontal parts commonly. In case of cracks, there are generated due to behavior by subsidence and external changing temperature environment. The cracks are generated by the frequent water leaks. So, the repair methods of the water leaks are proposed as the quick micro-cement and the polyacrylic resin in this study.

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Comparison of Heavy Metal Contents in Eyeliner Products -Focused on Domestic and Foreign Cosmetic Brands-

  • Lee, Kee-Young;Kim, Jeong-hee
    • Journal of Fashion Business
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.113-120
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    • 2015
  • Heavy metal ingredients of eyeliner product could cause side effect ranging from simple irritation, keratitis, corneal epithelium inflammation, eyelid dermatitis and dry eye symptoms have been reported. This study was conducted in order to prepare fundamental data for acceptable quality level heavy metal ingredients in the domestic and foreign cosmetic brand eyeliner products and to assess theirs the heavy metal concentrations. We measured the concentration of 5 heavy metals in 10 eyeliner products using ICP/MS-LC. According to the results, the average metal concentrations were as follows.; In case of domestic eyeliner products, 289.4 ppm for aluminium(Al), 304 ppm for manganese(Mn), 44 ppm for nickel(Ni), 0.58 ppm for arsenic(As) and 0.35 ppm for lead(Pb). In case of Foreign eyeliner products, 11337.8 ppm for aluminium(Al), 1678.8 ppm for manganese(Mn), 74.2 ppm for nickel(Ni), 1 ppm for arsenic(As) and 0.8 ppm for lead(Pb). Foreign products contained higher amounts of the two elements(Pb, As) compared to domestic ones. Also, greater concentrations of arsenic(As) were detected from waterproof products than non-waterproof ones. In conclusion, for safety reasons we suggested the amounts of heavy metals from the domestic and foreign eyeliner products. This finding will be helpful to provide the fundamental data which is standard of toxicological heavy metals acceptable on eyeliner products.

A Study on Design of Dry Floor Tile Unit Method System (바닥타일 건식공법용 수지매트 개발에 관한 연구)

  • 김상미;조상영;김성식;임남기;정병훈;김무성
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2001.11a
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    • pp.22-27
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study is development of dry floor tile method that practically used for improving wet method's defect, with resin mat design. PE resin used mat which satisfied with bonding test, waterproof test, resistance to chemical attack test, resistance to impact test and freezing and thawing test is confirmed the basic property.

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Improve waterproof methods of construction, materials and design to control leakage of underground structure in Singapore (싱가포르 지하구조물 누수에 따른 시공, 재료, 설계 개선방안에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Dae-Geon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2016.10a
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    • pp.9-10
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    • 2016
  • The recent situation in the domestic construction companies with a presence in Singapore and pay a lot of money due to leaks underground structuredefects. Therefore, understanding these root causes and to prevent the construction, and to study the materials, design the improvement plan.

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Behavior Analysis of the Saemangum Waterproof Embankment Applying Geotextile Tube Method and Example of Field Test - In Concentration of Reviewing the Construction and Design Process - (지오텍스타일 튜브공법을 적용한 새만금방수제의 거동분석 및 시험시공 사례 - 설계과정 및 시공성 검토 중심으로 -)

  • Park, Jong Gun;Ko, Jeong Hee;Park, Tae Seup
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.55 no.6
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    • pp.155-165
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    • 2013
  • Recently, geotextile tube method can be widely applied to the river, costal and marine in the construction field, such as embankment, groin, breakwater, dyke structures and so on, in advanced countries of the world. And that has been constructed at the temporary road for incheon, ilsan-bridge construction and coast erosion protection in republic of korea. Geotextile tube is a tube shaped geotextile product and hydraulic pumping filled with dredged soils. In this paper, the numerical analysis was performed to investigate the behavior of geotextile tube with various properties of material character, shape condition, construction pressure and so on. Also, the field test was conducted in order to identify the construction ability of Samangum waterproof embankment using geotextile tube. According to the applied of field test, geotextile tube was 65 m long and 4.0 m diameter. Also, the permeability coefficient and ultimate tensile strength of geotextile tube is $1.6{\times}10^{-1}$ cm/sec and 205.26 kN/m, respectively. As a result of filed test, when filled, geotextile tube does not attain the same as its unfilled theoretical diameter, but may reach approximately of 55 percent of the theoretical diameter. At the time, geotextile tubes were 12.56 m in circumference and filled to a height of about 2.2 m. This paper presents case study on field application and behavior analysis of the saemangum waterproof embankment donggin 1 division construction using geotextile tube.

Development of Sensorless Hydraulic Servo System for Underwater Harbor Construction (수중항만공사용 로봇의 센서리스 유압 서보 시스템 개발)

  • Kim, T.S.;Kim, C.H.;Park, K.W.;Lee, M.K.
    • Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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    • 2004.11a
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    • pp.708-713
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    • 2004
  • This research develops a sensorless hydraulic servo system of Parallel-Typed robot for harbour construction. Purpose of the robot is to mechanize the construction, which is accomplished through a joystick's operating by a stoneworker (or diver). The robot is attached on the end of an excavator as its attachment or transported by a crane to reach the desired place. The embedded compact controller is installed on the robot body and controlled by wireless telecommunication. For underwater work, it is necessary to waterproof the robot and its sensors. Especially, a sensor waterproof is a main drawback for the underwater robot. This leads us to develop a hydraulic robot position controller using an observer which gives the position information without any position sensor. We design a neural network to identify the displacement change according to the command voltage to servo valve. To verify the sensorless controller, this paper presents the performance of the sensorless control for which the position is given by the observer comparing with that of the sensor control for which the position is measured by LVDT sensors.

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Development of a Low-cost Unmanned Underwater Vehicle and Performance Verification (저가 수중 무인 이동체 개발 및 운동성능 검증)

  • Hwang, Dongwook;Jang, Mingyu;Kim, Jinhyun
    • The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.103-112
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    • 2018
  • In this paper, a high performance underwater vehicle which can be manufactured at low cost is designed and fabricated, and its performance is verified through experiments. To improve efficiency, the Myring equation is used to design the appearance and the duct structure including the thruster is planned to increase the propulsion efficiency while reducing the drag force. Through various methods, it is secured stable waterproof performance, and also is devised to have high speed movement and turning performance. The developed underwater vehicle is equipped with a high output BLDC motor to achieve a linear speed of up to 2 m/s and can change direction rapidly with stability through four rudders. The rudders are driven by coupling a timing belt and a pulley by extending the axis of a servo motor, and are equipped at the end of the body to turn heading. In addition, for stable posture control, the roll keeps its internal center of gravity low and maintains its stability due to restoring force. By controlling the four rudders, pitch and yaw are handled by the PID controller and show stable performance. To investigate the horizontal turning performance, it is confirmed that the yaw rate controller is designed and stable yaw rate control is performed.

Design and Control of Robot Arm for Inspection and Rescue Operations (재난 탐사 및 구조를 위한 로봇팔 설계 및 제어)

  • Kang, Jin-Il;Choi, Hyeung-Sik;Jun, Bong-Huan;Ji, Dae-Hyeong;Oh, Ji-Yoon;Kim, Joon-Young
    • Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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    • v.22 no.11
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    • pp.888-894
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    • 2016
  • This paper presents the kinematic and dynamic analysis of the robot arm for inspection and rescue operations. The inspection robot arm has Pitch-Pitch-Pitch-Yaw motion for an optimal and stable view of the camera installed at the end of the manipulator. The rescue operation robot arm has Yaw-Pitch-Pitch-Roll motion to handle heavy tools. Additionally, both robot arms are waterproof, as they use the triple-layer O-ring. Furthermore, the dynamic equation including the damping force due to the mechanical seal for waterproofness was derived by using the Newton-Euler method. A control system using the ARM processor was developed and introduced in this paper, and its performance was verified through experiments.