• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.187-193
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• 2020

The increase in the area of impervious water due to the recent abnormal weather conditions and rapid urbanization led to a decrease in the amount of low current, resulting in an increase in the amount of surface runoff. Increased surface runoff is causing erosion, destruction of underwater ecosystems, human and property damage in urban areas due to flooding of urban river. The damage has been increasing in Korea recently due to localized heavy rains, typhoons and floods. As a countermeasure, the Busan Metropolitan Government will proceed with the creation of the Eco-Delta City waterfront zone in Busan with the aim of creating a future-oriented waterfront city from 2012 to 2023. Therefore, the current urban river conditions and precipitation data were collected by utilizing SWMM developed by the Environment Protection Agency, and the target basin was selected to simulate flood damage. Measures to reduce flood damage in various cases were proposed using simulated data. It is a method to establish a disaster prevention plan for each case by establishing scenario for measures to reduce flood damage. Considering structural and non-structural measures by performing an analysis of the drainage door with a 30-year frequency of 80 minutes duration, the expansion effect of the drainage pump station is considered to be greater than that of the expansion of the drainage door, and 8 scenarios and corresponding alternatives were planned in combination with the pre-excluding method, which is a non-structural disaster prevention measure. As a result of the evaluation of each alternative, it was determined that 100㎥/s of the pump station expansion and the pre-excluding EL.(-)1.5m were the best alternatives.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 2014

This paper suggested the improvement of marine environmental impact assessment of different types of project by analyzing the consultation on the coastal area utilization(133cases) of the coastal development project for 4years(2010-2013). According to the analysis results, the erosion protection project needs to precede the accurate analysis of erosion reasons, predict exactly possible problems and establish the systematic system to verify the effect of erosion protection by monitoring after projects. The construction projects of revetments and coastal roads have to require to sublate, examine the reliability in structures, give consideration to the problems of coastal erosion by increase of reflected waves. In addition, flooding protection projects have got to require to select the waves for evaluation items in conjunction with the effects of abnormal waves. furthermore, waterfront construction projects need to establish comprehensive and methodical space plans and reinforce the review to conserve the natural environment and conduct nature-friendly development. There are many problems inherently related to coastal development Project. To these problems, however, it is required to support the project on the side of the legislation and conduct additional studies reflecting the characteristics by sea areas and projects.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.117-128
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• 2018

The central of Ulsan was formed and has been developed in alluvial plains the Riverfront of Taehwa River and Dongcheon River Fortresses including Gyebyeonseong of the late Silla, Chisoseong of the Goryeo, Ulsan Gyeonsangjwabyeongyeongseong, Ulsaneupseong, Ulsanwaeseong and Yeompoyeongseong as well as Gugangseowon and Old Ulsanhyanggyo and other facilities well display such fact. In the southern areas of Taehwa River, Byeokpajeong of Samsan, Buddhist temples and pavilion architectures used to be located. In its upstream areas, Eonyangeupseong, Eonyanghyanggo, Banguseowon and Daegokcheon Petroglyph exist as well. As such, the Riverfront of Taehwa River are a central space where the civilization of Ulsan has grown and developed, and are regarded as a core scenic asset of Ulsan. However, the look and nature of Taehwa River changed significantly due to Ulsan irrigation project and the construction of modern bridges such as Ulsangyo and Ulsan railway bridge during the period of Japanese occupation. The old look of the area started to be ruined by water contaminations and developments of waterfront lands that resulted from the development of Ulsan Industrial Center in 1962. The water quality of Taehwa River has been improved as a result of allotting a huge budget and administrative powers before and after 1997, the year when Ulsan was elevated to a metropolitan city. However, the surrounding views around Taehwa River changed greatly due to various urban development projects including apartment complex constructions. This is because the development of the Riverfront started from a land utilization project, in which the construction of apartment complexes was included in the initial phase; as a result, the areas were changed to be private scenic assets for those apartments. Aware of such issue, this study aims to identify major scenic elements that were present in the period before such developments in the river's surrounding areas from literature and geography materials; and to reveal how various urban development projects that have been performed from the period of Japanese occupation have changed the scenic elements of Riverfront of Taehwa River. The purpose of this study is to identify qualitative and quantitative changes in scenic elements of the Riverfront of Taehwa River as well as the characteristics of the resulting changes in the surrounding scenery.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.295-304
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• 2020

The IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) recommended the importance of preventive measures against extreme weather, and heat waves are one of the main themes for establishing preventive measures. In this study, we tried to analyze the heat vulnerable areas by considering not only spatial characteristics but also social characteristics. Energy consumption, popu lation density, normalized difference vegetation index, waterfront distance, solar radiation, and road distribution were examined as variables. Then, by selecting a suitable model, SLM (Spatial Lag Model), available variables were extracted. Then, based on the Fuzzy theory, the degree of vulnerability to heat waves was analyzed for each variable, and six variables were superimposed to finally derive the heat vulnerable area. The study site was selected as the Daegu area where the effects of the heat wave were high. In the case of vulnerable areas, it was confirmed that the existing urban areas are mainly distributed in Seogu, Namgu, and Dalseogu of Daegu, which are less affected by waterside and vegetation. It was confirmed that both spatial and social characteristics should be considered in policy support for reducing heat waves in Daegu.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.17-26
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• 2015

River corridors facilitate dispersal and movement and prevent local extinction of species. As a result of stream restoration projects, which include installation of waterfront and flood control structures, the number of animals, which rely on river corridor, is decreasing. For the study, factors affecting fish assembly were extracted by a species distribution model with the fish data collected from the Seom River in Hoengseong County and City of Wonju, Ganwon Province, Korea between March to October 2013. The riparian connectivity was assessed using species richness and rarity. According to result of the field survey, there were 38 species and 7,061 individuals for fish. The analysis suggests the following. Firstly, factors affecting fish richness in species distribution model results are shown to be velocity, riffle, riparian width, and water width. The accuracy of the model proves to be suitable with the correlation coefficient of 0.83 and MAPE of 19.2%. Secondly, the low rarity area is shown to be straight streams in Jeon river near to Hongseong County and the high rarity area to be streams with large width, existing alluvial area at channel junction between Jeon river and Seom river. Thirdly, according to connectivity results, areas where weirs are installed or riparian buffer area is removed showed low connectivity. The areas where farmland near riparian and forest areas showed high connectivity. The results of this study can be utilized to improve current facilities and enhance connectivity as a restoration guide.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.31-49
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• 2003

It is difficult to examine the causal relation of pollution damages because the time gap between pollution cause and effect is large and new pollutants are continuously being produced. Their many environmental effects are not promptly studied. As both the study of causal relation about pollution and the pollutant treatment are becoming highly advanced by the development of science and environmental technology, both the economy and balance on environmental regulation may be discussed. It is reasonable to decide environmental policy in consideration of close relation between both the generation and resolution of environmental problems and of technological developments because environmental problems are related to complicated social problems and scientific technologies. First item in policy decision about environmental control and management is preferentially to consider the way of prevention. It is necessary to prevent pollution by regulating the installment of environmental pollution facility into the environmentally sensitive areas, like water supply source and to regulate land utilization as a method to achieve pollution prevention. Second is a consideration of environmental technology development. This is a solution which can accomplish the development of environmental technology and the reinforcement of economic competition. Third is the coexistence of environment and economy. It is necessary to consider economy in connection with environmental problems and environment in economic problem. Then, we can enjoy a healthy life as well as economic affluence. Fourth is the enlargement of environmental management means. Environmental management means must be diversified because environmental cause and effect are varied. For Improving the land use regulation system, it is necessary to consider both land use regulation status and pollutant toxicity with the development of environmental technology. Land use must be approached by classifying land to 3 levels; water source protection zone and water front zone, special zone 1 and 2, rancus and other zones. Land regulation policy to prevent any accident in water source protection zone, waterfront zone, and special zone must be continuously upgraded. However, economical consideration in other zones is required by the development of environmental technology.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.400-403
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• 2012

Laboratory experiments were conducted for tsunami inundation to an urban area with large building roughness. The waterfront portion of the city of Seaside which is located on the US Pacific Northwest coast, was replicated in 1/50 scale in the wave basin. Tsunami heights and velocities on the inundated land were measured at approximately 31 locations for one incident tsunami heights with an inundation height of approximately 10 m (prototype) near the shoreline. The inundation pattern and speed were more severe and faster in some areas due to the arrangement of the large buildings. Momentum fluxes along the roads were estimated using measure tsunami inundation heights and horizontal fluid velocities. As expected, the maximum momentum flux was near the shoreline and decreased landward. Inundation heights and momentum flux were slowly decreased through the road with buildings on each side. The results from this study showed that the horizontal inundation velocity is an important factor for the external force of coastal structures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1-17
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• 2013

This study was conducted to understand the habitat characteristics of Psilotum nudum of Dosuncheon river and Anduck valley in Jeju Island. The total of 79 vascular plants taxa including 39 families, 58 genera, 75 species and 4 varieties were investigated in Dosuncheon river, while 59 vascular plants taxa consisting of 34 families, 50 genera, 53 species and 6 varieties were investigated in Anduck valley. When it comes to the life form, the rates of distribution of annual plants (therophytes) at the mouth of Dosuncheon river and Anduck valley were lower than those of the Korean peninsula and Jeju Island. However, the rates of distribution of chamaephytes and epiphytes were higher at the mouth of Dosuncheon river and Anduck valley. As for vegetation, epiphytes (such as Trachelospermum asiaticum var. intermedium, Trachelospermum asiaticum var. majus and Lemmaphyllum microphyllum) and adiantum plants (including Psilotum nudum, Cytomium fortunei and Rumohra aristata), which are typically easy to be dispersed in rocky zones, dominated these areas since they are vertical or horizontal joints containing wide rocky zones. The main threats to the habitats of Psilotum nudum are environmental pollution, lack of publicity, installation of various facilities such as recreational facilities, gathering for medical and horticulture purposes, vegetation succession and application of waterfront. The management of the rocky zones as habitats for Psilotum nudum is an important factor in their expansion.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.36-58
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• 1999

We designed the model picture of Tourism Botanical Garden, as a kind of theme park, in which we could enjoy flowers all the year round and the glorious tints of its autumn foliage. It would be very important to decide what kinds of trees should be planted and where to plant them. We selected the appropriate flowers and trees according to their value of appreciation and flowering time and the grand view around there and the weather conditions of the central region. We selected perennial plants as native plants, according to their color, flowering time and for the convenience of maintenance. And we selected some kinds of culture plants to show the seasonal change and diversity, according to their color and flowering time. We adopted the roof-tile pattern of Pakjae Kingdom to design the basic model of the garden, and the area was divided into eight sections. Six of them were divided again into four small planting areas from the outside respectively, according to the kinds of trees; pine-tree area, native flowering plant area, flowering tree area and flowering shrub area. The last two sections are by a lake, so they could make a beautiful landscape of waterfront. For the effective and economic operation of the garden, some kinds of flower trees and shrubs, which are little damaged by blight and are needless to prune, were selected. And perennial plants were also selected, because we don't have to change them into other plants, so we could cut down the expenses. As for the culture plants, they could be easily replaced with other culture plants in the flowering time, to show seasonal change and the harmony with the scenery around the garden.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.26-26
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• 2019

본 연구는 2016년부터 2017년까지 한국 정부가 선정한 다수의 도시재생사업 중 수변공간 관련 사업을 선별하여 세부내용을 살펴보고 수변공간 도시재생사업의 거버넌스 특성을 분석한다. 도시재생사업에서 거버넌스는 사업의 성패를 가르는 핵심 요소로 대두되고 있다. 특히, 협업을 통한 민간 커뮤니티의 역할과 주민참여는 더욱 중요한 비중을 갖게 되었다. 본 연구는 Tallon(2013)의 도시재생 거버넌스 네 가지 형태-관주도(top-down), 주민주도(bottom-up), 시장주도(market-led), 지주주도(property-led) 재생을 기준으로 도시재생사업 활성화계획의 세부내용을 분석한다. 향후 도시재생사업의 추진 및 시행단계에서 거버넌스의 역할이 제대로 작동할 수 있도록 시사점을 제공하고자 한다. 연구의 공간적 범위를 수변공간을 한정하여 분석한 결과 총 20개의 도시재생사업이 도심 내 하천변과 해안가를 활용하여 추진되고 있었다. 구체적인 사업의 형태로는 (1) 생태하천복원, (2) 역사문화자원을 연계한 수변관광지 개발, (3) 수변네트워크 녹지 산책로 조성 (4) 항구 기반 수변도시개발 및 도심재생, (5) 섬의 이점을 활용한 수변경관사업, (6) 조선업 침체지역재생 등이 있었다. 한국의 수변공간 도시재생사업은 가장 일반적인 도시재생방식인 '관주도'로 진행되고 있었다. 그러나 지역의 권한과 역할을 강화하고자 하는 노력은 우선시되고 있었다. 또한, 관계부처 및 공공기관과의 파트너십 구축을 통한 도시재생사업의 효과성 향상을 도모하고 있었다. 특히, 부산시 영도구와 경상남도 통영시의 도시재생사업에서 협업의 노력이 두드러지게 나타났다. '마을만들기'와 같은 주민주도의 도시재생방식은 '주민참여협의체'를 통하여 일부 반영되고 있었다. 예를 들어, 서울시 도봉 노원구, 인천시 부평구, 경상남도 김해시, 부산시 영도구 등이 해당한다. 그러나 구체적인 실천 방안을 통한 주민주도 도시재생 거버넌스를 구축하는데는 부족함을 보였다. 더불어 민간투자를 유치하는 시장주도의 도시재생 접근은 찾아볼 수 없었다. 도시재생사업의 장기적이고 통합적인 특성을 고려했을 때, 안정적인 도시재생사업 추진을 위한 재원 마련에 대한 지속적인 노력이 요구된다.