• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.126-132
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of ultrasonic treatment on physicochemical and sensory properties of cooked chicken meat. Moisture content of ultrasonic treated breast meat was higher than that of control, fat content of control of breast and leg meat were higher than that of ultrasonic treatment, and protein of control of breast meat was higher than that of ultrasonic treatment. Hunters L(lightness)-and a(redness)-value were not different between cooking methods, L-value of breast meat and a-value of leg meat were higher without regard to cooking method. Hunterb (yellowness)-value was not different among cooking chicken meats. Cooking yield was not different between cooking methods, pH of ultrasonic treated chicken meats were higher than that of control. Water holding capacity and salt soluble protein extractability of ultrasonic treated breast meat were greater than that of control. Water soluble protein extractability of ultrasonic treated leg meat was higher than that of control, and shear force value was not different between cooking methods. Hardness, cohesiveness and gumminess were not different between cooking methods and parts of muscle. Springiness of ultrasonic treated leg meat was greater than that of control and chewiness of breast meat was higher than that of leg meat. Aroma, texture, juiciness and overall acceptability were not different between cooking methods, taste of ultrasonic treated leg meat was higher than that of control. In addition, the sensory scores of parts of muscle were affected greater than that of cooking methods.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.227-232
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• 2007

Water pollution in enclosed water bodies such as lake and river has become a serious problem over the world. Domestic wastewater is responsible for more than 60 % pollution load in public water area in Korea. Effluent of the treated domestic wastewater at low removal level is abundantly fed rivers and lakes and thus be an serious cause of lake pollution. Therefore, effective implement of domestic wastewater treatment in basin of lake and river must be prepared. The septic tank is one of the effective domestic wastewater treatment equipment and used in individual treatment for a unit of household, The purpose of septic tank as biological treatment system is simultaneously to remove BOD, T-N, T-P and reduce turbidity from influent. Accordingly, the appropriate control of functional microorganisms is important subject for the establishment of stability and economy of the biological treatment method. Especially, microanimals as a high-ranked microorganisms of food-chain are important, because microanimals control the other microorganisms especially various bacteria and effect on function of treatment. Therefore, it is necessary that functional predator like rotifers are attached in wastewater treatment process. In this study, the methods for attachment high density the rotifer to and improvement of transparency in the effluence by a dense rotifer was examined using laboratory scale biological treatment reactor simulated septic tank and real one.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.255-261
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• 1999

To investigate the effects of strong acidic electrolytic water on the chloroplast, barley leaves were treated with strong acidic electrolytic water(pH 2.5). And to investigate the effects of weak acidic electrolytic water on the chloroplast development, etiolated barley leaves were treated with weak acidic electrolytic water(pH 6.5) during greening period. Chl contents, Fo, Fv, and Chl fluorescence quenching coefficient in barley leaves were measured during and after treatment of acidic electrolytic water. The following results were obtained. Chl a, b, and carotenoid were decreased with treatment of strong acidic electrolytic water. Chl contents were significantly decreased than that of the control after 5 min. These results provide evidence that the strong acidic electrolytic water dissimilate the Chl and so that the value of Fo was slightly increased. The strong acidic electrolytic water damaged PS II because Fo was increased and Fv, Fm, and Fv/Fm ratio were decreased. qP, qNP and qE were decreased. On the other hand qI was increased than that of the control. But Chl content and Chl fluorescence patterns were a little changed as the pH increase over 4.0 Chl a, b, and carotenoid were increased with treatment of weak acidic electrolytic water during greening period. Chl contents were significantly increased than that of control after 12 hours greening. These results provide evidence that the weak acidic electrolytic water accelerated the chlorophyll synthesis. And the weak acidic electrolytic water accelerated PS II development because Fv, Fm, qP and Fv/Fm ratio were increased than that of the control.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2007

The low nutrient environment in drinking water treatment plants and distribution systems cannot to be a good environment for bacterial growth. However, biofilms can be frequently found submerged surface in treatment plants and distribution system. Biofilms in distribution system are harmful, in that they can release organisms, and may cause problems in taste and odor of water. Control of these Biofilms is difficult, and disinfection alone is usually ineffective. Biofilms will not be eliminated from distribution systems by any contemporary technology available now or in the future. Therefore reduction of organic matter, improved disinfection, or a combination of these methods can be useful in controlling distribution system biofilms.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 전기설비
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• pp.67-69
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• 2005

Due to the unusual change in the weather to be increased suddenly, the damage of the lightning accident is recently more increased than before. Many water treatment facilities are operated by automatic control or by remote control. Automatic control systems are adopted in water treatment facilities. So there are damaged by lightning inevitably. This study is intended to measure and analyze the lightning accident occurred by the lightning and to show the methods minimizing the lightning accidents.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 전기설비
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• pp.70-72
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• 2005

Electronic control systems adopted in water treatment facilities. And many water treatment facilities are operated by electrical and electronic devices or by remote control. So those are damaged by the surge which is generated by lightning inevitably. This study is intended to measure and analyze the SPD performance tests occurred at the electrical and electronic control devices and to show the methods of the reduction when the surge is occurred suddenly.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2002

Research on practices for improving water quality in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus ponds was conducted at the Auburn University Fisheries Research Station, Auburn, Alabama, in 1998 and 1999. The objective of this two-year study was to determine better management practices to enhance water quality and improve production efficiency. In the first year, oxidation of bottom soil by drying, tilling, and applying sodium nitrate was performed (dry-till and dry-till with sodium nitrate treatments). The second year, based on the results obtained during the first year, precipitation of phosphorus (P) from water by applying gypsum was compared to the dry-till treatment (dry-till and dry-till with gypsum treatments). Control ponds were not subjected to bottom drying, tilling, sodium nitrate, or gypsum treatment. Channel catfish fingerings were stocked at 15,000/ha. In the first year, water in ponds from dry-till and dry-till with sodium nitrate treatments had lower concentrations (P < 0.01) of soluble reactive P, nitrate ($NO_{3} ^{-}) and nitrite ($NO_{2} ^{-}) nitrogen (N), total ammonia ($NH_3$) nitrogen, total suspended solids and turbidity, and higher values of pH, Secchi disk visibility, total alkalinity, total hardness, and calcium ($Ca^{2+}) hardness than water in control ponds. Ponds of the dry-till treatment also had lower concentrations (P < 0.01) of total P and total N than control ponds. Total fish production and survival rate did not differ among the treatments (P > 0.05). The findings suggested that drying and tiling pond bosoms between crops could achieve water quality improvement. Applying sodium nitrate to dry, tilled pond bosoms did not provide water quality improvement. In the second year, the treatment with the best results from the first year, dry-till, was compared with a dry-till with gypsum treatment. Enough gypsum was applied to give a total hardness of about 200 mg/L, and gypsum was reapplied as needed to maintain the hardness. Compared to the control, dry-till and dry-till with gypsum treatments had lower concentrations (P < 0.01) of total and soluble reactive P, total N, and total $NH_3$-N, and higher concentrations (P < 0.01) of dissolved oxygen. Ponds of the duty-till with gypsum treatment also had lower concentrations (P < 0.01) of chlorophyll $\alpha$, chemical oxygen demand, and total alkalinity than the control. Total fish production and survival rate did not differ (P > 0.05) among the treatments. These findings suggest that drying and tilling pond bosoms between crops and treating low hardness waters with gypsum could achieve water Quality improvement.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.330-338
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• 1999

Extensive research has been conducted on effects of drought stress on growth and development of soybean but information is rather restricted on the limited-irrigation system by way of precaution against a long-term drought condition in the future. The experiment for limited-irrigation was conducted in transparent vinyl shelter at Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC), Taiwan in 1997. Two soybean varieties, Hwangkeum and AGS292, improved in Korea and AVRDC, respectively were used for this experiment. The relationships between normalized transpiration rate (NTR) and fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) in both varieties were similar that the NTR was unchanged until FTSW dropped to about 0.5 or 0.6. At FTSW less than those values, NTR declined rapidly. Days required to harvest in both varieties were significantly prolonged at IR6 treatment compared to any other treatments. Daily mean transpiration rate was significantly higher at IR5 treatment, as averaged over varieties. Similarly, water use efficiency was also high at 1R5 treatment. In both varieties, seed yield was the greatest at the IR5 treatment, as compared to any other limited-irrigation treatments, due to the increased seed number and high transpirational water use efficiency. The indices of input water and seed yield for the different limited-irrigation treatments against control indicated that Hwangkeum produced 59.6% or 60.7% of seed yield using 36.1% or 44.9% of input water, as compared to control, by irrigation at only R5 or R6 stages, respectively. The AGS292 produced 56.1% of seed yield with 35.4% of input water of control, when irrigated at R5 stage. The results of this study have elucidated that the limited irrigation at R5 stage in soybean can be minimized yield loss with such small quantity of water under the environment of long-term drought stress and the expected shortage of agricultural water in the future.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제23권2_2호
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• pp.281-288
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a control method to solve the surface hardness non-uniformity due to flow non-uniformity occurring in the heat treatment process of marine CAM. In the water cooling method including the decarbonization method, an automation device for deformation control has been developed and applied. LSTM was used to estimate the water cooling conditions, and the proposed method was found to be meaningful by improving the prototype results.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 참대라 과실의 생장을 직경 43mm와 52mm의 아크릴파이프 처리로 억제시켜, 과실 생장에 따른 과실조직의 수분 함량과 건물중 변화에 대한 과실의 전당 및 전분 농도를 조사하였다. 과실의 생체중, 건물중과 수분 함량은 파이프 처리에 의해 감소하였으나, 과실이 비대함에 따라 일정한 비율로 증가하였다. 직경 43 mm 아클릴파이프처리 과실은 과실 생장 제3기 동안 수분 함량 증가가 정지되었고 과실의 수확기 적기에는 건물률이 다른 처리보다 높았다. 당농도는 아크릴파이크 처리의 과실에 있어, 일시적으로 증가한 후에 무처리 과실의 농도까지 감소하였다. 그때에 전분 농도와 건물률은 처리간에 차이가 없었다. 그러므로, 아크릴파이프로 처리로 과실의 비대가 억제된 과실의 당 농도는 과실의 수분함량 감소에 따른 것으로 생각되었다.