• Journal of Aquaculture
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.237-245
• /
• 1999

In this study, we evaluated the efficiency of chemical marking of black rockfish scales by immersion in oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC, 500 ppm), alizarin red S (AR, 250 ppm) and calcein (CARL, 250 ppm) diluted rearing water. Immersion treatment of chemicals had no effects on both mortality and growth of black rockfish. Marking sucess was 100% in all treatment durations (24, 48 and 72 hours) with three chemicals and marking quality was higher in 48 and 72 hours than 24 hours treatment. Marking retention rates at 24 weeks after treatment were 100% in OTC and CAL treated group, but marking quality was higher in CAL treated group (brilliant 92%, bright 8% and dim 0%) than in OTC treated group (brilliant 4%, bright 70% and dim 26%). AR treated group had lower marking retention rates and marking quality than OTC and CAL treated group. As a results, immersion treatment with OTC and CAL was effective in marking scales of black rockfish and practical in releasing program and other studies requires same rearing environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2002.11a
• /
• pp.908-911
• /
• 2002

본 논문에서는 영상의 불법적인 복사를 방지하기 위해 사용되는 워터마킹을 내장한 JPEG 압축용 DCT의 VHDL 모델을 제시한다. 워터마킹 방법은 사람의 시각 시스템을 이용하여 주파수 영역에서 영상의 시각적인 특성에 적응하는 워터마크를 내장한다. 영상 압축시에 주파수 영역으로 변환해주는 DCT와 함께 화질저하에 대한감소와 공격에 강한 water marking을 구현함으로서 손실 압축에서도 방지 기능을 유지하면서 시스템의 효율적인 구성을 얻을 수 있다. 구현된 DCT의 VHDL 모델을 사용한 시뮬레이션 결과 고주파 성분이 많은 복잡한 영상과 저주파 성분이 많은 단순한 영상에 적용하여 워터마크가 시각적으로 보이지 않고 JPEG 손실압축과 잡음에도 견고함을 가지며, 기능을 추가하여도 기존에 비해 면적을 적게 차지하여 빠른 속도를 얻을 수 있어, 소형 시스템에 솔루션에 적용이 적합하다.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.8 no.5
• /
• pp.601-605
• /
• 1999

This study has been performed to evaluate mineral water quality by using four parameters [Mg]/[Ca], [Na]/[K], [Mg]+[Ca]/[Na]+[K] and total hardness(as CaCO3 mg/ℓ). The four parameters has been ploted in a general scale and logarithmic scale, respectively. The method of general scale is not applicable for evaluation on several parameters. Therefore, the logarithmic scale is applied instead to settle the problem. The evaluation of the water quality is based on standard sample S, and the results of the 6 domestics and 5 overseas sample evaluation are as follow. At present, evaluation of the water quality on the mineral water can be done by using four parameters calculated from only cation concentration printed on the bottle's marking.

• 소프트웨어공모대전
• /
• s.10
• /
• pp.213-221
• /
• 2005

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.417-422
• /
• 2016

Aids to Navigation (AtoN) are marine traffic facilities to improve the safety and efficiency of shipping. "New Dangers" should be appropriately marked using lateral, cardinal or isolated danger marks or by using an Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy. However, Emergency Wreck Marking Buoys are difficult to implement in terms of speed and accuracy of installation. In the case of sinking accidents, it is often difficult to immediately install an Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy because of weather conditions, the marine environment or accident positioning. This study concerns Auto-Releasing Emergency Wreck Marking Buoys, which should be installed in all vessel for safe marine navigation and efficient maritime transport with reference to the Maritime Buoyage System (MBS). Auto-Releasing Emergency Wreck Marking Buoys include an auto-release unit, auto reel chain and auto lighting lantern. These buoys can be automatically released from the deck of a vessel and will float in the water for quick installation at the scene of an accident, even in the case of sinking accidents. Auto-Releasing New Mark Buoys are expected to reduce to installation process, prevent secondary accidents by the risk of navigation and be search and rescue rapidly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
• /
• 2011.11a
• /
• pp.165-168
• /
• 2011

최근 지진, 폭우, 해일 등의 갑작스런 재난으로 인하여 세계 많은 곳에서 피해를 받고 있다. 하지만 우리나라의 경우 각종 재난이 발생하였을 때 이를 효과적으로 알리기 위한 시스템이 존재 하지 않는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 갑작스런 재난이 발생하였을 때 이를 효과적으로 알리기 위한 시스템으로 추가적인 주파수를 필요로 하지 않는 Water-marking 기법을 이용하여 기존의 T-DMB 대역폭에 재난 안전 방송을 추가하여 필요시 재난 상황을 알리는 시스템을 제안하고자 한다. Water-marking 기법의 경우 추가적인 대역폭을 요구하지 않으면서 기존 시스템의 성능 열화를 최소화 하는 방법으로 추가적인 통신 서비스를 가능하게 해 주는 시스템이다. 이를 위해서는 적절한 SS 송수신기 설계와 기존 시스템의 성능열화 범위를 계측할 필요가 있다. 본 논문은 기존의 T-DMB 시스템에 SS 송신기를 추가함으로써 T-DMB의 성능열화는 최소화 하는 동시에 재난안전 방송을 위한 통신 시스템을 구축하고 이에 대한 성능평가를 실시하였다.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.195-201
• /
• 2011

Cognitive radio (CR), which is proposed as a technology that utilizes the frequency resources effectively, has studied to relive scarcity of the frequency resources. CR provides opportunistically under-utilize licensed frequency to the secondary user. However, in the wireless channels, due to the effect of fading and shadowing environments, spectrum sensing performance is compromised. Besides, to detect and classify various CR systems, a novel spectrum sensing algorithm is needed. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed the spectrum sensing algorithm with water marking scheme.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.3 no.5
• /
• pp.423-428
• /
• 2019

Visibility of road-surface markings is one of the critical issues that should be secured for self-driving cars as well as human drivers. Glass beads are taking on the role of retroreflectors, and therefore are considered a necessity in modern pavements. In this context, retroreflectance is sensitively dependent not only on the refractive index of glass beads but also on that of the surrounding medium. This implies that the optimum refractive index of glass beads immersed in water, i.e. under wet conditions, is different from that of glass beads surrounded by air, i.e. under dry conditions. A refractive index of approximately 1.9, which is known to maximize retroreflectance under dry conditions, actually exhibits much poorer retroreflectance under wet conditions. This suggests that glass beads with optimal refractive index for wet conditions need to be installed together with those for dry conditions. We propose a facile but practical model capable of calculating retroreflectance of glass beads surrounded by an arbitrary medium, here water in particular, and experimentally verify its capability of assessing the refractive index of commercial glass beads. Changes in retroreflectance according to the mixing ratio of glass beads with different refractive indices are also discussed, in an effort to propose the proper use of glass beads produced for dry and wet conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2016.05a
• /
• pp.20-21
• /
• 2016

Aids to Navigation (AtoN) is marine traffic safety facility to facilitate the safe and efficient movement of shipping and enhance the protection of the marine environment by the regulation or guideline of The International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities (IALA). By IALA NAVGUIDE, the term "New Danger" is defined as newly discovered hazards not yet shown in nautical documents and includes naturally occurring obstructions such as sandbanks or rocks or man-made dangers such as wrecks. 'New Dangers' should be appropriately marked using Lateral, Cardinal, Isolated Danger marks or by using the Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy. However, the Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy has difficulties with implementation conditions in terms of speed and accuracy to install the buoy. In case of sinking accidents, it is difficult immediately to install the Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy because of weather conditions, marine environments and accident position. This paper studies Auto Releasing New Danger Mark Buoy on the deck which can be automatically to release from the deck of a vessel and float in the water and quickly install the accident position in case of sinking accidents. The buoy will be to reduce the risk of navigation and prevent secondary collisions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.38-44
• /
• 1997

6063-T5 alloys are tested in laboratory air, water and 3% NaCl solution to investigate the effects of corrosive environment on the retardation behavior through single overload fatigue test. Also, the fatigue crack propagation and the crack closure behavior are studied. The results obtained in this experimental study are summarized as follows. 1) Behaviors of fatigue crack growth retardation are observed in water and 3% NaCl solution as they do in air. The number of delay cycles and the size of affected region by single overload decrease greatly in water and 3% NaCl compared with those in air. 2) In fractographic results, the overload marking by single overload appear remarkably in air, but indistinctly in water and 3% NaCl solution. 3) The effect of crack closure on crack propagation is most remarkable in the beginning of crack propagation. With crack propagation, the crack closure level and its effect decrease greatly.