• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2003년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.115-119
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• 2003

Pollutants from industry, mining, agriculture, and other sources have contaminated sediments in many surface water bodies. Sediment contamination poses a severe threat to human health and environment because many toxic contaminants that are barely detectable in the water body can accumulate in sediment at much higher levels, the purpose of this study was to make convenient sampling method and optimal treatment of sediment for water quality improvement in reservoir or stream based on an evaluation of degree of contamination. Results for analysis of S-reservoir sediments were observed that copper concentration of almost areas were higher than the regulation of soil pollution (50 mg/1) for the riverbed. S-stream sediments were observed that copper, arsenic and TPH concentration of almost areas were exceeded soil pollution concerning levels for factorial areas. We used Remscreen(version. 1.0) program which is contaminated soil recovery program to select optimal treatment method of contaminant sediments. The result was shown in the order of Thermal Calcination > Excavation, Retrieval and Off-site Disposal(comparative less then contaminant) > Low Temperature Thermal Desorption + Solidification/Stabilization.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 1993

팔당호의 부영양화 진행과 오염특징을 관찰하기 위해 1986년 7월 부터 1987년 6월까지 팔당호수질의 미생물학적 화학적 분석을 실시하였다. 팔당호 수질의 투명도와 엽록소-a 의 양은 각각 0.5~3 m, 3~17 ${\mu}gI^{-1}$ 의 분포를 보였고 용존산소 및 생화학적 산소요구량은 각각 7~12 ppm, 약 0.5~2.3 ppm 사이에서 변화를 나타냈다. 팔당호 종속영양세균의 계절적 분포는 수층의 경우 $3.0{\times}10^{3}-5.0{\times}10^{5}/ml$, 최적토의 경우 $2{\times}10^{6}-1{\times}10^{8}/g$ dry sediment 의 범위를 나타냈다. 수리학적 체류시간이 약 5일 정도로 매우 짧은 팔당호의 경우 물의 유동과 상류수 수질이 호소내수질은 결정짓는 중요한 요인 중 하나로 사료된다. 호소수질 영양상태 기준에 의하면 팔당호의 수질은 중영양 상태에서 부영양 상태입을 나타내었다. 또한 대장균 분포 결과는 이와 같은 팔당호의 오염이 주변 지역의 인간 활동에 기인되로 있다는 것을 시사하고 있으며 이에 대한 향후 대책이 요구된다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.435-443
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• 2009

Ba Ria - Vung Tau province in Southern Vietnam is one of the fastest economic growing areas in the country, characterized by the rapid port and industrial development along the Thi Vai river. The socio-economic situation of the area has generally been improved; however, its part of the local inhabitants has not gained benefits from the changes. 35 surface water samples and 25 sediment samples were analysed with the interpretation of the SPOT images for 1995 and 2005. The data showed that rapid port and industrial development have resulted in significant losses of mangroves and agriculture land. The surface water was seriously polluted, particularly in terms of organic materials and suspended solids. It contained high and increasing oil concentrations. The river sediment was saline and slightly alkaline. It was heavily reduced, organic-rich, and contaminated with oil and heavy metals (Cu, Pb, and Cr).

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.158-163
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 적조구제에 사용하기 위해 개발된 Nano-S를 해양에 이용함에 있어 Nano-S가 해양환경에 미치는 영향을 조사하는데 있다. 실험은 용적이 180L인 원형의 유수식 수조에서 이루어 졌다. 각각의 수조에는 $14{\pm}1cm$의 니질의 퇴적물을 수조의 바닥에 깔고 해수가 수조를 흘러 넘치도록 채웠다. 수조에 공급되는 해수의 양은 ]밀 1회 환수 되도록 하였으며, 일주일동안 수조를 안정화 시켰다. 다섯 개의 수조에 Nano-S 및 적토를 각각 0 kg(대조구), 1 kg(수조 A), 2 kg(수조 B), 5 kg(수조 C) and 10 kg(수조 D)채웠으며 이러한 양은 저질의 단위면적($m^2$)당 각각 0 kg(대조구), 2.75 kg(수조 A), 5.51 kg(수조 B), 13.77 kg(수조 C) and 27.55 kg(수조 D)을 차지하였다. 실험은 총 30일 동안 진행했으며, 수질과 저질의 시료는 Nano-S 및 적토의 투입 1시간 전과투입 후 1시간, 3시간, 6시간, 12시간후와 1일, 3일, 5일, 7일, 10일, 15일, 30일후에 각각 채취하여 Nano-S의 투입전후의 수질과 저질의 변동을 분석하였다.

• 물과 미래
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.28-34
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• 1997

• 환경영향평가
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.81-91
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• 2012

In this study, it is grasped the status of nutrients through an investigation of release characteristics and physicochemical properties of sediments on reservoir. And then the effect of sediments is evaluated on the water quality in reservoir. In the results of physicochemical analysis, the pollution level of midstream is the highest, which shows the traits that the water is more deeper and takes place a deposition consistently. Then, the pollution level of upstream is higher than downstream's because inflow has influence on the upstream directly. The downstream is located near tidal gate so that the soil particles can be moved easily and are difficult to be deposited due to the distribution of seawater by control of tidal gate. Therefore, the downstream is showed the lowest pollution level than the others. Also, the concentration of SOD(Sediment Oxygen Demand) in the upstream which is influenced on the effect of inflow is highest than the others. When it analyzes under anaerobic and aerobic condition to understand the release characteristic of sediment, it shows that the release rate is low or negative under the aerobic condition. Whereas the release rate is usually positive under the unaerobic condition relatively. According to these results, it is necessary to maintain the proper environmental factors of water body for decreasing the release rate of sediment. Because the release rate is changeable under the different condition of water body. Therefore, proper strategies are required for increasing the self-purification of water as well as keeping the aerobic condition of sediment and managing a sediment layer directly to control the inner-pollution by the sediment of reservoir.

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.55-68
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• 2004

The GLEAMS (Groundwater Loading Effects of Agricultural Management System, version 3.0) water quality model was used to predict hydrology and water quality and to evaluate the effects of soil types from a cattle-grazed pasture field of Bermuda-Rye grass rotation with poultry litter application as a fertilizer in North Alabama. The model was applied and evaluated by using four years (1999-2002) of field-measured data to compare the simulated results for the 2.71- ha Summerford watershed. $R^2$ values between observed and simulated runoff, sediment yields, TN, and TP were 0.91, 0.86, 0.95, and 0.69, respectively. EI (Efficiency Index) of these parameters were 0.86, 0.67, 0.70, and 0.48, respectively. The statistical parameters indicated that GLEAMS provided a reasonable estimation of the runoff, sediment yield, and nutrient losses at the studied watershed. The soil infiltration rates were compared with the rainfall events. Only high intensity rainfall events generated runoff from the watershed. The measured and predicted infiltration rates were higher during dry soil conditions than wet soil conditions. The ratio of runoff to precipitation was ranging from 2.2% to 8.8% with average of 4.3%. This shows that the project site had high infiltration and evapotranspiration which generated the low runoff. The ratio of runoff to precipitation according to soil types by the GLEAMS model appeared that Sa (Sequatchie fine sandy loam) soil type was higher and Wc (Waynesboro fine sandy loam, severely eroded rolling phase) soil type relatively lower than the weighted average of the soil types in the watershed. The model under-predicted runoff, sediment yields, TN, and TP in Wb (Waynesboro fine sandy loam, eroded undulating phase) and Wc soil types. General tendency of the predicted data was similar for all soil types. The model predicted the highest runoff in Sa soil type by 105% of the weighted average and the lowest runoff in Wc soil type by 87% of the weighted average

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.511-520
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• 2019

This study was investigated to improve the phosphorus release and water quality by transformation of sedimentary P fraction for application of $CaO_2$. For the experiment, 0.5% (w/w) of $CaO_2$ was homogenized in the sediment and incubated with the control for 20 days. The analytical results showed that pH increased with $CaO_2$ and redox potential (ORP) was improved in the sediment of the reactor. The growth rate of chlorophyll-a was lower in the $CaO_2$ reactor and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) of overlying water maintained higher than that of the control. Total phosphorus (T-P) concentration in the overlying water increased from the initial concentration to 0.304mg/L in the control at 20 days. The reactor of $CaO_2$ was lowered by 29.3%. Ex-P, Fe-P and Ca-P in sediment P fraction were increased with the $CaO_2$. The formation of bound Fe-P and Ca-P in the sediments seemed to control the release of P by removing the Soluble Reactive Phosphorus (SRP) presented in the pore water. From the result, this indicated that the reduction of P release from the sediments seems to be effective in suppressing the eutrophication of P and improving the oxygen condition in the water quality with the application of $CaO_2$.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.307-317
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• 2003

In this study, the material cycle model was applied to suggest alternative management of water quality for Jeju Harbor. The distribution of COD, DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen) and DIP (dissolved inorganic phosphorus) concentrations was reasonably reproduced by simulations on the model area of the Jeju Harbor using a material cycle model. The simulations of COD, DIN and DIP concentrations were performed under the conditions of 20∼100% pollution loadings reductions from pollution sources. In case of the 100% reduction of the input loads from Sanzi river, concentrations of COD, DM and DIP were reduced to 39%, 78% and 52%, respectively at Jeju harbor. In contrast, in case of the pollutant loadings reductions from sediment, the effect of DIN and DIP reduction relatively seemed to increase around the center of study area. The 95% reduction of the pollutant loadings from river and sediment is required to meet the COD and nutrients concentration of second grade of ocean water quality criteria.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제6권3_4호
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• pp.155-161
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• 1991

The water quality in Wonju stream, Seom river in Kangwon province and Bokha, Shindun stream in Kyeonggi province was investigated between the season of irrigation on July, 1990 and of non-irrigation on September in 1989. The results of water quality obtained from this study were as follows; As for water quality of the Wonju stream and the Seom river, the concentration of COD, T-N, SS and Cu, and for the Bokha, Shindun stream, the concentration of T-N, SS and Cu were exceeded standard levels of quality guideline of agricultural water use in the season of irrigation. However, in the water quality of Wonju and Bokha stream, the concentration of T-N , SS and Cu, and in the Seom river, the concentration of T-N, SS, Cu and Zn were exceeded standard levels of agricultural water quality in the season of non-irrigation. And the average water quality of the 4 streams were not suitable for agricultural water use. The comparison of the annual average water quality of the 4 streams for pH, DO, T-N and SS were in statistics significantly different with p values less than 0.01. When the average water quality between the season of irrigation and non-irrigation in each stream was compared, DO and COD in the Wonju stream, COD in the Seom river, pH, DO, T-N, SS and Cu in the Shindun stream showed a significant difference with p<0.01. The average in the sediment were; COD, 5.65∼26.53 ppm; Cu, 0.26∼0.49 ppm and Zn 0.95∼2.97 ppm. The concentration of three contaminants were markedly higher than the water quality. And the concentration of COD, Zn in the sediment showed a significant difference with p<0.01, and Cu showed a considerably significant difference with p<0.05.