• Computers and Concrete
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.65-77
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• 2013

This paper examines the dynamic response of an arch dam subjected to blast loading. A damage model is developed for three dimensional analysis of arch dams. The modified Drucker-Prager criterion is adopted as the failure criteria of the damage evolution in concrete. Then, Xiluodu arch dam serves as an example to simulate the failure behaviors of structures with the proposed model. The results obtained using the proposed model can reveal the reliability degree of the safe operation level of the high arch dam system as well as the degree of potential failure, providing a reliable basis for risk assessment and risk control.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.373-373
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• 2012

위험도(risk)는 복잡성(complexity)과 불확실성(uncertainty)라는 2가지 주요 특징으로 인해 위험도를 정확하게 예측하는 것은 불가능하다. 대표적인 수공구조물인 댐이 각종 모니터링을 통해서 안전하다고 판단된다 하더라도 하류지역에 도시가 존재한다면 여전히 잔존위험도(residual risk)는 존재한다. 댐의 파괴가 일반적으로 발생하는 사상은 아니지만 대규모 인명피해, 재산 및 환경피해로 이어지기 때문에 작은 위험도라 할지라도 이에 대한 감시 및 관리가 필수적이다. 댐 위험도 분석을 위해서 Event Tree 또는 Fault Tree가 일반적인 해석 방법으로 이용되고 있으나 잠재적인 파괴모드에 대한 복잡성과 불확실성을 고려하는데 한계가 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위해서 Bayesian Network 기반의 위험도 해석기법을 제안하고자 한다. 특히 수문학적 위험도와 관련된 분석을 위해서 Bayesian Network의 구성 방안, 매개변수 추정, 위험도 해석 등 기존 해석 방법을 개선한 댐 위험도 해석 기법을 개발하고자 하며 개발된 방법론을 국내 실제댐에 적용하여 적합성을 평가하였다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.37-49
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• 2002

The application of conventional method for optimizing firm water supply and hydro-electric power generation has some limitation during abnormal or extreme drought periods. Hashimoto et al. (1982) suggested there risk evaluation criteria such as reliability, resilience, and vulnerability. These three criteria have been incorporated into a mixed-integer programming model for evaluating the possible performance of water- supply reservoir (Moy et al., 1986; Srinivasan et al., 1999). However, till now, these kind of researches have been conducted only for water-supply reservoir. Therefore there have been no other study for multi-purpose dam including hydro-electric power generation. This study presents an improved formulation of the previous model for evaluating a multi-purpose reservoir system operation considering water supply and hydro-electric power generation. The modified model was applied to the Daechung multi-purpose reservoir system in the Keum river basin to demonstrate the efficiency of the improved formulation.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.52 no.12
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• pp.963-973
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• 2019

This study reviews a urban flooding risk criteria estimation model to predict risk criteria in areas where flood risk criteria are not precalculated by using watershed characteristic data and limit rainfall based on damage history. The risk criteria estimation model was designed using Support Vector Machine, one of the machine learning algorithms. The learning data consisted of regional limit rainfall and watershed characteristic. The learning data were applied to the SVM algorithm after normalization. We calculated the mean absolute error and standard deviation using Leave-One-Out and K-fold cross-validation algorithms and evaluated the performance of the model. In Leave-One-Out, models with small standard deviation were selected as the optimal model, and models with less folds were selected in the K-fold. The average accuracy of the selected models by rainfall duration is over 80%, suggesting that SVM can be used to estimate flooding risk criteria.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.214-220
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• 2005

Initial Risk assessments using physicochemical properties and acute toxicity are conducted to provide information for managers to decide the potential adverse effects and played as a tool for decision-making in development of new substances. In this study, we built initial risk assessment framework and carried out human and ecology initial risk assessment for three different pesticides of captan, glyphosate, and paraquat dichloride to confirm our framework. Two water estimation models of GENEEC (GENeric Estimated Environmental Concentration) and FOCUS (FOrum for the Co-ordination of pesticide models and their USe) were employed for pesticides exposure assessment. Application for paraquat dichloride and glyphosate uses shows very low human and ecology risk. On the other hand, high acute ecological risk was observed from the application for captan. These results showed good agreements with the U.S. EPA RED (Reregistration Eligibility Decision) reports verifying the framework of this study.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.9
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• pp.757-768
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• 2015

Recently, climate change has affected short time concentrated local rainfall and unexpected heavy rain which is increasingly causing life and property damage. In this research, arithmetic average analysis, weighted average analysis, and principal component analysis are used for predicting flood risk. This research is foundation for application of predicting flood risk based on annals of disaster and status of urban planning. Results obtained by arithmetic average analysis, weighted average analysis, and principal component analysis using many factors affect on flood are compared. In case of arithmetic average analysis, each factor has same weights though it is simple method. In case of weighted average analysis, correlation factors are complex by many variables and multicollinearty problem happen though it has different weights. For solving these problems, principal component analysis (PCA) is used because each factor has different weights and the number of variables is smaller than other methods by combining variables. Finally, flood risk assessment considering flood control ability and urban environment risk in former research is predicted.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.627-638
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• 2018

This article describes an integrated Level 1-Level 2 probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) methodology to evaluate the radiological risk during postulated accident scenarios initiated during the decommissioning phase of a typical Mark I containment boiling water reactor. The fuel damage scenarios include those initiated while the reactor is permanently shut down, defueled, and the spent fuel is located into the spent fuel storage pool. This article focuses on the integrated Level 1-Level 2 PRA aspects of the analysis, from the beginning of the accident to the radiological release into the environment. The integrated Level 1-Level 2 decommissioning PRA uses event trees and fault trees that assess the accident progression until and after fuel damage. Detailed deterministic severe accident analyses are performed to support the fault tree/event tree development and to provide source term information for the various pieces of the Level 1-Level 2 model. Source terms information is collected from accidents occurring in both the reactor pressure vessel and the spent fuel pool, including simultaneous accidents. The Level 1-Level 2 PRA model evaluates the temporal and physical changes in plant conditions including consideration of major uncertainties. The goal of this article is to provide a methodology framework to perform a decommissioning Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA), and an application to a real case study is provided to show the use of the methodology. Results will be derived from the integrated Level 1-Level 2 decommissioning PSA event tree in terms of fuel damage frequency, large release frequency, and large early release frequency, including uncertainties.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.72-79
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• 2015

A number of plating companies have been exposed to the risk of fire due to unexpected temperature increasing of water in a plating bath. Since the companies are not able to forecast the unexpected temperature increasing of water and most of raw materials in the plating process have low ignition temperature, it is easy to be exposed to the risk of fire. Thus, the companies have to notice the changes immediately to prevent the risk of fire from plating process. Due to this reason, an agile and systematic temperature monitoring system is required for the plating companies. Unfortunately, in case of small size companies, it is hard to purchase a systematic solution and be offered consulting from one of the risk management consulting companies due to an expensive cost. In addition, most of the companies have insufficient research and development (R&D) experts to autonomously develop the risk management solution. In this article, we developed a real time remote temperature monitoring system which is easy to operate with a lower cost. The system is constructed by using Raspberry Pi single board computer and Android application to release an economic issue for the small sized plating manufacturing companies. The derived system is able to monitor the temperature continuously with tracking the temperature in the batch in a short time and transmit a push-alarm to a target-device located in a remoted area when the temperature exceeds a certain hazardous-temperature level. Therefore, the target small plating company achieves a risk management system with a small cost.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.553-560
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical risk according to the applicator heterogeneity, mislocation, and tissue heterogeneity correction through a dose verification program during brachytherapy of cervical cancer. We performed image processing with MATLAB on images acquired with CT simulator. The source was modeled and stochiometric calibration and Monte-Carlo algorithm were applied based on dwell time and location to calculate the dose, and the secondary cancer risk was evaluated in the dose verification program. The result calculated by correcting for applicator and tissue heterogeneity showed a maximum dose of about 25% higher. In the bladder, the difference in excess absolute risk according to the heterogeneity correction was not significant. In the rectum, the difference in excess absolute risk was lower than that calculated by correcting applicator and tissue heterogeneity compared to the water-based calculation. In the femur, the water-based calculation result was the lowest, and the result calculated by correcting the applicator and tissue heterogeneity was 10% higher. A maximum of 14% dose difference occurred when the applicator mislocation was 20 mm in the Z-axis. In a future study, it is expected that a system that can independently verify the treatment plan can be developed by automating the interface between the treatment planning system and the dose verification program.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.66-74
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• 2024

This study addresses the escalating issue of worldwide hydrogen gas accidents, which has seen a significant increase in occurrences. To comprehensively evaluate the risks associated with hydrogen, a two approach was employed in this study. Firstly, a qualitative risk assessment was conducted using the bow-tie method. Secondly, a quantitative consequence analysis was carried out utilizing the areal locations of hazardous atmospheres (ALOHA) model. The study applied this method to two incidents, the hydrogen explosion accident occurred at the Muskingum River power plant in Ohio, USA, 2007 and the hydrogen storage tank explosion accident occurred at the K Technopark water electrolysis system in Korea, 2019. The results of the risk assessments revealed critical issues such as deterioration of gas pipe, human errors in incident response and the omission of important gas cleaning facility. By analyzing the cause of accidents and assessing risks quantitatively, the effective accident response plans are proposed and the effectiveness is evaluated by comparing the effective distance obtained by ALOHA simulation. Notably, the implementation of these measures led to a significant 54.5% reduction in the risk degree of potential explosions compared to the existing risk levels.