• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.3916-3924
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• 2013

본 연구는 보건계 대학생의 손씻기 관련 특성과 손씻기 지식과 태도 및 수행도를 파악하여 올바른 손씻기를 수행하기 위한 방안을 제공하고자 실시하였다. 대상은 G광역시 일개대학의 보건계 대학생 425명을 대상으로 설문지를 이용하여 자료수집을 하였고 SPSS/WIN 18.0을 이용하여 기술통계, t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient로 분석하였다. 1일 평균 손씻기 횟수는 8.7회, 시간(초)는 평균 18.5초였다. 손씻기 교육 수는 평균 2.4회였다. 손씻기에 가장 많이 사용하는 세제는 일반 세수비누, 손 건조도구는 종이타올이었다. 손씻기 관련 특성에서 손씻기 횟수와 시간은 손씻기 교육수가 6회 이상, 실습을 통한 교육 실시, 소독비누로 손씻기, 종이타올로 손 닦기 등에서 모두 유의한 차이로 높았다. 손씻기 지식, 태도, 수행도 점수는 여자(성별), 상급종합병원, 1일 11회 이상의 손씻기 횟수, 1회 손씻는 시간 16초 이상, 6회 이상의 교육 수, 실습을 통한 교육에서 가장 점수가 높았다. 손씻기 지식, 태도, 수행도간의 상관관계는 모두 유의했다. 이 연구 결과는 효과적인 손씻기를 위해 손씻기 지식, 태도 및 수행도를 높이기 위한 손씻기 교육프로그램을 계속적으로 개발할 필요성을 나타내고 있다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.241-250
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• 2012

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate hygienic behavior of food handlers and general population focusing on awareness of hand-washing and the microbial load of their hands. Methods: A questionnaire survey and microbiological analysis were carried out for sixty-four people each. Samples for microbiological analysis were collected through the glove-juice method from the hands, and were analyzed for the presence of aerobic plate counts, total coliform, fecal coliform, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella spp. according to the Food Code of Korea. Results: In the survey, significant differences between the food handlers and general population (p < 0.01) were found in hand-washing frequency, duration, use of hand-washing agents, washing parts of hands, hand-drying method, and method of turning off water. In eight different situations among the ten particular situations in their daily life, more food handlers responded to wash their hands than general population (p < 0.05). Bacterial load on hands with general population was consistently higher than with food handlers (p < 0.05), however, percentages of positive hands of S. aureus and Salmonella spp. were not. Conclusions: Poor hand hygiene practices were indicated by the positive results for E. coli, S. aureus, and Salmonella spp. on the hands of some respondents in both groups. This study reveals that there is the need for programs or campaigns to increase hand-washing practices of both groups.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2006년도 제23차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.69-72
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• 2006

To investigate the manufacturing methods of surimi-like materials (SLM) from breast muscle of spent hen, the muscles were diced, chopped and washed with distilled water or sodium chloride solution at 0.1, 0.5 and 1% level and then washed with distilled water to extract myofibrillar protein. When used only distilled water to extract myofibrillar protein, washing was repeated 3 times followed by homogenization and centrifugation of breast muscle after each washing (CM; conventional method). Whereas, to extract myofibrillar protein using sodium chloride solution had sufficient to do 2 times washing by distilled water after 1 time washing by sodium chloride followed by homogenization and centrifugation of breast muscle after each washing (NM; new method). The both batter and cooked SLM gel from NM had significantly (p<0.05) lower redness compared with CM. Again, SDS-PAGE with sarcoplasmic protein fractions showed that the bands of phosphorylase had increased staining intensity in NM compared with CM. These results indicated that the brightness was related to sarcoplasmic protein fractions. SDS-PAGE with myofibrillar protein showed that the bands of myosin had increased staining intensity in NM compared with CM. Data implied that myofibrillar protein extraction with sodium chloride solution had the better adaptability for the breast muscle of spent hen then the commonly used distilled water method.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.1079-1086
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• 2009

A great volume of radioactive concrete is generated during the operation and the decommissioning of nuclear facilities. The washing-electrokinetic technology in this study, which combined an electrokinetic method and a washing method, was developed to decontaminate the concrete generated in nuclear facilities. The results of only an electrokinetic decontamination for the concrete showed that cobalt was removed to below 1% from the concrete due to its high pH. Therefore, the washing-electrokinetic technology was applied to lower the pH of the concrete. Namely, when the concrete was washed with 3 M of hydrochloric acid for 4 hours (0.17 day), the $CaCO_3$ in the concrete was decomposed into $CO_2$ and the pH of the concrete was reduced to 3.7, and the cobalt and cesium in the concrete were removed by up to 85.0% and 76.3% respectively. Next, when the washed concrete was decontaminated by the electrokinetic method with 0.01M of acetic acid in the 1L electrokinetic equipment for 14.83 days, the cobalt and the cesium in the concrete were both removed by up to 99.7% and 99.6% respectively. The removal efficiencies of the cobalt and cesium by 0.01M of acetic acid were increased more than those by 0.05M of acetic acid due to the increase of the concrete zeta potential. The total effluent volume generated from the washing-electrokinetic decontamination was 11.55L (7.2ml/g).

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.128-135
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• 2009

본 연구는 여자 대학생의 손 씻기 의식, 실천/이행, 그리고 그 차이를 알아보고자 수행되었다. 한 대학교의 여자 대학생들에 대하여 손 씻기 의식에 관한 설문조사를 수행하고, 동 대학교 캠퍼스 내의 화장실에서 손 씻기 실천/이행을 직접 관찰조사를 통하여 수행하였으며, 그 차이 여부를 검증하였다. 조사대상 여자 대학생들은 설문조사에서 손 씻기 빈도, 손 씻는 제제사용 여부, 손 씻는 부위/범위 및 손 말리는 방법 등에서 전공분야별로 차이를 보였으나 화장실 사용 후 손 씻기에 대한 의식에는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또 화장실 사용 후 손 씻기에 대한 의식(97.4%)과 실천/이행(98.2%)은 높은 편이었다. 그러나 설문조사에서 10초 이상 손을 씻는다는 응답(46.4%)에 비하여 관찰조사에서 실제로 10초 이상 씻은 사람은 6.3%에 불과하였다. 관찰조사에서 비누를 사용한 사람은 0.9%로 설문조사의 60.9%에 비하여 아주 저조하였고 손 씻는 부위/범위에 있어 네 부위를 씻은 사람도 0.9%에 불과하였다. 손을 씻은 후 말리는 방법으로는 설문조사와 관찰조사에서 모두 휴지/종이타올을 선호하였다. 손 씻는 시간, 비누 사용여부, 손 씻는 부위/범위 및 손 말리는 방법 등 주요항목에서 관찰조사와 설문조사 사이에 매우 유의한 차이가 나타나(p<0.01) 조사대상 여자 대학생들의 경우 손씻기 의식과 그 실천/이행에는 차이가 있음을 알 수 있다. 그러나 손 씻기 행동을 대학 캠퍼스 이외의 화장실에서 장기간 관찰해볼 필요가 있다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.69-80
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• 1988

In this study, we have compared the relative importance of various washing condition affecting on soil release for P/C blended fabrics. P/C blended fabrics were soiled by the pad-dry method with aqueous and oily soil. The washing procedures of soiled samples were performed by Atlas Launder-Ometer with 27 wash conditions which are combinations of wash temp. wash time and detergent cone. The degree of soil-release was evaluated with CIE 1976 Lab color difference before and after washing. Multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate the optimum wash conditions and the relative importance of the factors providing maximum soilremoval.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1995년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.546-549
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• 1995

This paper presents a control of washing machine using ER clutch and brake actuators. After analyzing field- dependent torque of the actuators on the basis of Bingham model of the ER fluid, two sets of cylindrical ER clutch and brake are manufactured. The governing equation of motion for washing and dehydrating are derived by considering actuators' dynamics. Subsequently, PID controllers are designed to achieve desired rotational motions and tracking control results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2001년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.226-229
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• 2001

For volume reduction of the wastewater generated on washing the soil contaminated with cobalt, recycling and reuse experiments of the wastewater were executed. Also. the soil remediation efficiency by repetitive washing with fresh citric acid was analyzed. The soil around TRIGA was sampled for the experiment. Results of recycling experiment by replacement-precipitation method were as follows. The remediation efficiency of 1st recycling wastewater was 97% and that of 2nd recycling wastewater was 94%. Also, To obtain remediation efficiency over than 90%, the 5th repetitive washing with fresh citric acid was needed.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.313-318
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• 2003

The vibration of washing machine at spinning cycle is important problem that affects the performance of a product. In this raper, the inner structure of the washing machine is modeled as a rigid body suspension system and transfer farce caused by rotating unbalance mass is obtained using Newton's the 2nd law. and this model is used to predict the verge of walking instability during the spinning cycle. The walk of the drum washing machine is suggested by calculating the force transmissibility between drum and the cabinet. As calculating the resultant force exerted for cabinet, the friction coefficient of the pad is suggested to avoid the walk. In addition, relation between translational slip and rotational slip is derived and method to avoid the rotational slip is introduced.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2005년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.36-38
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• 2005

In home appliances, electric energy is optimally controlled by using power electronics technology, creating a comfortable environment in terms of energy saving, low sound generation, and reduced time consumption. Usually simplicity and robustness make the three phase induction motor attractive for use in domestic appliance, including washing machines. Two main types of domestic washing machine have evolved. We focus on the front loading machine favored in Europe, which has a horizontal drum axis. The efficiency improvement in home appliances is very important for customers. Induction motor efficiency can be improved by means of loss reduction, which can be realized by motor selection and design, improvement of the waveforms supplied by power Inverter, utilizing a suitable control method. So this paper describes the architecture and feature of washing machine fed induction motor drive under minimizing losses vector control.