• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.473-478
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• 2005

In home appliances, electric energy is optimally controlled by using power electronics technology, creating a comfortable environment in terms of energy saving, low sound generation, and reduced time consumption. Usually simplicity and robustness make the three phase induction motor attractive for use in domestic appliance, including washing machines. Two main fpes of domestic washing machine have evolved. We focus on the front loading machine favored in Europe, which has a horizontal drum axis. With the advent of electronic control, universal motor, with a phase controller operating directly from the ac source, has become popular in washing machine. The efficiency improvement in home appliances is very important for customers. Induction motor efficiency can be improved by means of loss reduction, which can be realized by motor selection and design, improvement of the waveforms supplied by power inverter, utilizing a suitable control method. So this paper describes the architecture and feature of washing machine fed induction motor drive under minimizing losses vector control.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1061-1074
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• 2011

This study was conducted based on a comparative analysis of design-specific features prevalent in the Women's Wear Collection S/S 2011. As the method of this study, the denim styles were classified by various fashion design factors consisting of silhouette, fit, color, and textile fabric, which were extracted from an image database. The properties of denim fabrics associated with each fashion image were investigated to inform fabric development and washing. The results of the study show that the dense and glossy surface of the denim fabric represent a modern trend, which can be achieved by blending lyocell, tencel and rayon or by using different textiles, such as lightweight plain weave and satin instead of twill. For casual look, various washing effects were utilized jean's casual feeling like freedom and activities, while in a modern image, washing effects was restricted. And a glossy textile offers a simple modern look. The Modern image represents a simple H-silhouette and wide or straight fit in bottoms as well. Brightness can be adjusted by washing-induced bleaching. High brightness gives an elegant image, while low brightness makes a casual image. The purpose of this study is to configure a database for the development of design in the growing women's casual wear market. In addition, This study, in which the elements for specific fashion image-making were analyzed, can be used as a reference for developing denim style and fabric.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2001

The purpose of this research is to observe the differences in consumers behavior on clothes care based on their different lifestyles and different demographic characteristics. The research surveyed 267 women of 20 years old or older living in Taegu City. SPSS package was used for data analysis and frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA(analysis of valiance). and Duncan test were used The results are as follows: 1. Lifestyle factors for the research object were found as 'Consumption-oriented','family-oriented', 'Economic-oriented','Leisure-oriented','conservatism-oriented'. The categories for analysis according to these factors are classified into 5 categories, category 1 is Leisure/Family-oriented group, category 2 Consumption/Leisure avoidance-oriented group, category 3 Economy/Family Apathy-oriented group, category 4 Conservatism-oriented group, and category 5 Consumption/Innovation group. Five factors for behavior on clothes care are found, including washing method, interest in detergent, environmental behavior, washing effectiveness, and management after washing 2. Behavior on clothes care based on lifestyle groups showed a meaningful difference according to the following: Interest in detergent(p<.05 level), environmental behavior(p<.01 level), and washing effectiveness(p< .01 level) 3. In demographic variations (such as age, monthly income, monthly expenditure on clothes), there is a meaningful difference in behavior on clothes care, such as interest in detergent or management after washing, according to different age groups. However, no meaningful difference is found in behavior on clothes care according to other demographic characteristics.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.615-622
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• 2017

This study was conducted to evaluate the odor reduction efficacy of the dip injection wet scrubber (DIWS) using tap water as washing fluid. The $NH_3$ and $H_2S$ removal efficiency of 7 day batch operated DIWS was evaluated twice over a total of 14 days of experiment. The $NH_3$ removal efficiency ranged from 26 to 37%. The $H_2S$ removal efficiency was between 22 and 30%. The pH of the washing fluid maintained below 8 and the $NH_4{^+}$ concentration tended to keep constant around 350 ppm after 5 days of washing-fluid replacement. Therefore, the 5-day washing fluid replacement interval is more preferable than the 7-day interval. The $NH_4{^+}$ concentration and the electrical conductivity (EC) showed a high correlation. The EC measurement can be used as an alternative to conventional $NH_4{^+}$ concentration measurement method for real time monitoring of washing fluid condition.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.159-171
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• 1996

유기 인계 살충제 농약 (Diazinon, Dimethoate, Fenitrothion)이 부착된 상추를 대상으로 정체된 물, 흐르는 물, 중성세제, 알카리용액 및 산성용액 등으로 세척시간(10, 30, 50초)과 세척횟수(1, 2, 3회)별로 잔류농약의 제거율을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 다섯가지 세척방법에 의한 농약의 제거효과는 세척시간과 횟수가 늘어날수록 증가되었으며, 50초간 세척이 가장 높은 제거율을 보였다, 정체된 물을 세척제로 사용하여 50초간 3회 세척시 잔류농약의 제거율은 Diazinon 38.4%, Dimethoate 45.7%, Fenitrothion 24.6%이었으나, 흐르는 물에서는 Diazinon 29.4%, Dimethoate 37.7%, Fenitrothion 24.5%로 정체된 물에서 효과가 높게 나타났다. 알카리용액을 세척제로 사용했을때의 잔류농약 제거율은 Diazinon 32.1%, Dimethoate 49.5%, Fenitrothion 29.9%, 산성용액에서는 Diazinon 30.4%, Dimethoate 36.4%, Fenitrothion 21.0% 이었으며, 중성세제의 경우는 Diazinon 47.1%, Dimethoate 58.0%, Fenitrothion 39.5%로 다섯가지 세척제 중에서 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과만으로 볼 때 중성세제를 세척제로 하여 50초간 3회 세척하는 것이 가장 효과적인 세척방법으로 조사되었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.160-164
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• 2005

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of washing food wastes before aerobic composting on temperature, pH and salinity, and the effects of washing after composting on salinity of sample mixtures. Weight ratios of food wastes to water in washing were 1:0(Control), 1:1(W-1), 1:2(W-2), 1:3(W-3) and 1:0(N-4), respectively. Ratios of food wastes to wood chips in reactor of Control, W-1, W-2, W-3 and N-1 were $5\;kg:0\iota,\;5\;kg:5\iota,\;5\;kg:5\iota,\;5\;kg:5\iota\;and\;5\;kg:5\iota$, respectively. Reactors were operated for 24 days with 1 hour stirring by 1 rpm and 2 hours of forced aeration per day. The increase in the ratio of water to food wastes resulted in the increase of the maximum reaction temperature and the shortening of the high temperature reaction period. The increase in the ratio of water to food wastes also resulted in faster reaching to the lowest pH and then to the steady state of pH 9.0. The final salinities of Control, N-1, W-1, W-2 and W-3 were $1.04\%,\;0.92\%,\;0.78\%,\;0.64\%\;and\;0.53\%$, respectively. The salinities of the N-l samples which were washed by the weight ratios (water:N-l) of 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 after composting were $0.72\%,\;0.61\%\;and\;0.51\%$, respectively. Therefore, washing food wastes before aerobic composting is more efficient method than that after aerobic composting.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.507-514
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 출산 경험이 있는 여성을 대상으로 젖병 세척기 사용 시 손목 회전 동작에서 나타나는 근활성도 및 세척 방법에 따른 세척 청결도, 사용성 평가를 비교 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 자동 젖병 세척기와 수동 젖병 세척기 사용 시 전완근의 근활성도, 세척 청결도는 장비를 활용하여 정량 평가하였으며, 변인들의 효과 분석을 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 근활성도는 자동 젖병 세척기가 수동 젖병 세척기를 사용할 때 보다 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 청결도는 자동세척(정방향+역방향)시 세척력이 제일 우수한 것으로 판단되며, 그 다음으로 자동세척(정방향), 수동세척 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 젖병 세척기 사용에 대한 사용성 평가는 자동 젖병 세척기가 수동 젖병 세척기에 비하여 높은 만족도를 보였다. 이러한 결론을 통해 자동 젖병세척기 사용에 대한 효과성을 입증함으로서 본 연구는 향후 제품 고도화의 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.472-482
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• 2023

본 연구는 쌀의 세척 및 취반 방법에 따른 isoprothiolane 잔류량을 GC-µECD를 이용하여 분석하였다. 세척 전 현미 잔류량은 17.03 mg/kg이었으며, 도정 후 백미는 1.67 mg/kg이었다. 세척 방법에서 물의 비율과 세척 횟수에 따라 현미와 백미의 isoprothiolane 잔류량은 19.3-59.3 및 43.1-66.5%이었으며, 세척물 온도가 5-40℃ 증가할수록 현미는 56.6-63.1%, 백미는 67.1-74.9% 감소하였다. 세척 방법을 손으로 살살 휘젓거나 비비는 방법으로(A, B 및 C)로 달리하였을 때 현미의 농약 감소율은 63.1-71.6%, 백미는 75.4-87.4%이었다. 현미를 압력밥솥과 전기밥솥을 이용하여 즉시 취반하였을 때 농약은 78.4 및 78.5%, 백미의 경우 94.0 및 94.0%로 감소하였으며, 30분간 불린 후 취반하였을 때 잔류농약은 현미에서 83.4%, 백미는 95.8% 감소하였다. 따라서 현미와 백미의 잔류농약 감소를 위한 가장 효과적인 세척 및 취반 방법은 40℃ 물, 7배 물로 6회 (2, 3회 차는 손으로 비벼서 세척) 세척 후 30분간 물에 불리기이다. 밥솥의 종류에 관계없이 취반할 경우 현미는 평균 83.4%, 백미는 95.8% isoprothiolane이 효과적으로 제거되는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.593-599
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• 2014

Objectives : Latex gloves hygiene is the most effective method to prevent infection of microorganisms and to reduce the incidence of cross infections. The aim of this study was to compare the bacteria reduction ratio of cleansing with water, liquid soap and alcohol gauze. Methods : The left side glove was the control group and the right side was the experimental group. The experimental group washed hand with water, soap, and alcohol gauze. The hand plate was inoculated by the hand and inoculated for 24 hours in $35^{\circ}C$. Results : Washing with water showed that CFU of control group was 1116.9 and that of experimental group was 302.8. Hand washing by water reduced 74.3% of bacteria. Liquid soap revealed that CFU of control group was 619.9 and that of experimental group was 8.3. Hand washing by liquid soap reduced 97.5% of bacteria. Alcohol gauze included 875.2 CFU in control group and 5.8 CFU in experimental group. Washing by alcohol gauze reduced 99.5% of bacteria. Conclusions : Based on the results, the most effective latex gloves cleansing method was recommended as the standardized hand washing with the liquid hand soap and alcohol gauze. The results can be used to improve training strategies for enhancing glove hygiene practice in dental clinic.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.461-474
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to present a making method of jeans pattern with high fitness after deriving the appropriate shrinkage rate by material and washing process. Research Method of jeans pattern was presented after applying the optimized shrinkage rate. According to the result of the exterior evaluation of test jeans, all 6 jeans were rated high with scores close to 3.5. Following the evaluation of satisfaction of usage by physical movement, the highest ranking was in the order of walking with normal steps, back bending $90^{\circ}$, chair sitting, climbing stairs, and squatting. The shrinkage rate by physical area showed the highest score in the order of pants length, waist circumference, thigh circumference, knee circumference, hem circumference, hips circumference. In addition, the shrinkage rate was higher in warp direction than weft direction after washing finishing. As for the result of addition and reduction of pattern measurements by parts of jeans, waist circumference was $2.5{\sim}5.2cm$, hips circumference was $-1.8{\sim}2.8cm$, thigh circumference was $-1.3{\sim}2.0cm$ and knee circumference was $-1.0{\sim}1.7cm$. Also, hem circumference was $-1.0{\sim}1.8cm$ and pants length was $2.9{\sim}6.2cm$. That is, this results showed a wide range of addition and reduction according to material and washing finishing.