• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.585-591
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• 1999

The linker which plays a role in connecting a polymer with a scaffold has become an important part n solid-phase reaction. To develop a new linker for alcohols and carbohydrates, dihydropyran moiety was selected in this study. New linker, 1-($4^{l},5^{l}$-dihydro-5H-pyranyl)-7-hydroxyheptan-3-one (5) was synthesized via four steps from $\delta$-valerolactone. This can be called as DDHP-linked Wang resin due to double dihy-dropyran rings. To the one pyran ring of new linker 5 was added Wang resin and other alcohols and carbohydrates as scaffolds were then added successfully to the another pyran ring. Carbohydrate and hydroxyl resins were connected via new linker in a 70% loading yield. The detachment of glucose moiety in the presence of PPTS (2 equiv.) in 1:1 n-buteanol/1,2-dichloroethane at $60^{\circ}C$ for 12 h was carried out quantitatively. When certain combinatorial chemical works are carried out using this dihydropyran linker, Wang resin itself can be recovered. Its fact is particularly very important in industry, because recovered resins can be recycled.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.149-168
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• 2007

This study compared the figures of viscera (臟腑圖) in the seventh volume titled "Body" of Sancaituhui (三才圖會), the illustrated Encyclopedia published in the Ming Dynasty (明代), and the figures of viscera in Leijingtuyi (類經圖翼). One hundred and six volume Sancaituhui was compiled by Wang Qi (王圻) and his son Wang Siyi (王思義) in the Ming Dynasty. It was first published in 1607 and republished in 1609. Sancaituhui is somewhat different from other existing medical books in terms of form and content. Thus, this study examined the difference. Another comprehensive medical book, Leijingtuyi, was written by Zhang Jing-yue (張景岳) in 1624. Both Sancaituhui and Leijingtuyi were published in China before Terrenz's Taixirenshenshuogai (泰西人身說槪), the book which first introduced Western anatomy. Therefore, this study accessed the two medical books to examine the development of figures of viscera before the instruction of Western medicine.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.269-281
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• 2014

Compared to hiding information into digital image, hiding information into digital text file requires less storage space and smaller bandwidth for data transmission, and it has obvious universality and extensiveness. However, text files have low redundancy, so it is more difficult to hide information in text files. To overcome this difficulty, Wang et al. proposed a reversible information hiding scheme using left-right and up-down representations of Chinese characters, but, when the scheme is implemented, it does not provide good visual steganographic effectiveness, and the embedding and extracting processes are too complicated to be done with reasonable effort and cost. We observed that a lot of traditional and simplified Chinese characters look somewhat the same (also called lookalike), so we utilize this feature to propose a novel information hiding scheme for hiding secret data in lookalike Chinese characters. Comparing to Wang et al.'s scheme, the proposed scheme simplifies the embedding and extracting procedures significantly and improves the effectiveness of visual steganographic images. The experimental results demonstrated the advantages of our proposed scheme.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.67
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• pp.327-344
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• 2017

Zhou Dunyi is regarded as a precursor of Li-Xue, which is called Neo-Confucianism. So, it could be say that Zhou Dunyi is a precursor of Song-Ming-Li-Xue. As is well known, Zhu xi is a synthesizer of Li-Xue in Song Dynasty, which is called Dao-Xue; Wang Yangming is a synthesizer of Li-Xue in Ming Dynasty, which is called Xin-Xue. Dao-Xue and Xin-Xue were engaged in an unyielding confrontation for many centuries in Asian areas. It is certain that Dao-Xue and Xin-Xue both succeed to the resources of Zhou Dunyi together, but it is not easy to confirm that the resources of Zhou Dunyi are common to both sides taking an unyielding confrontation into consideration. Usually, Zhou Dunyi is recognized as a Master of Dao-Xue rather than Xin-Xue. But in this paper, I try to give a question to this prevalent view, like this: Yang-Ming-Xin-Xue much absorbed and developed the Thought of Zhou Dunyi than Zhu-Xi-Dao-Xue did. In order to prove this assertion, I take two steps. The first is about Daotong, the second is about sincerity. In conclusion, while Wang Yangming build his own thought of moral philosophy, he fully absorbed Zhou Dunyi's thought of sincerity, and concreted his typical moral philosophy, which is Liangzhi-Xue. I could say that besides the viewpoint of Zhu xi, there is another viewpoint of Wang Yangming to understand the thought of Zhou Dunyi properly.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.66 no.5
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• pp.598-604
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• 2023

Penetrating head injury is a serious open cranial injury. In civilians, it is often caused by non-missile, low velocity flying objects that penetrate the skull through a weak cranial structure, forming intracranial foreign bodies. The intracranial foreign body can be displaced due to its special quality, shape, and location. In this paper, we report a rare case of right-to-left displacement of an airgun lead bullet after transorbital entry into the skull complicated by posttraumatic epilepsy, as a reminder to colleagues that intracranial metal foreign bodies maybe displaced intraoperatively. In addition, we have found that the presence of intracranial metallic foreign bodies may be a factor for the posttraumatic epilepsy, and their timely removal appears to be beneficial for epilepsy control.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2023

We propose a highly directional waveguide grating antenna for an optical phased array, achieving high directionality of more than 97% by interleaving the trenches with different etching depths in the silicon nitride layer, and adopting a multilayered structure. Meanwhile, the multilayered structure reduces the perturbation strength, which enables a centimeter-scale radiation length. The beam-steering range is 13.2°, with a wavelength bandwidth of 100 nm. The 1-dB bandwidth of the grating is 305 nm. The multilayered grating structure has a large tolerance to the fabrication variation and is compatible with CMOS fabrication techniques.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1182-1199
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• 2023

Fractional repetition (FR) codes can achieve exact uncoded repair for multiple failed nodes, with lower computational complexity and bandwidth overhead, and effectively improve repair performance in distributed storage systems (DSS). The actual distributed storage system is dynamic, that is, the parameters such as node storage overhead and number of storage nodes will change randomly and dynamically. Considering that traditional FR codes cannot be flexibly applied to dynamic distributed storage systems, a new construction scheme of adaptive-and-resolvable FR codes based on hypergraph coloring is proposed in this paper. Specifically, the linear uniform regular hypergraph can be constructed based on the heuristic algorithm of hypergraph coloring proposed in this paper. Then edges and vertices in hypergraph correspond to nodes and coded packets of FR codes respectively, further, FR codes is constructed. According to hypergraph coloring, the FR codes can achieve rapid repair for multiple failed nodes. Further, FR codes based on hypergraph coloring can be generalized to heterogeneous distributed storage systems. Compared with Reed-Solomon (RS) codes, simple regenerating codes (SRC) and locally repairable codes (LRC), adaptive-and-resolvable FR codes have significant advantages over repair locality, repair bandwidth overhead, computational complexity and time overhead during repairing failed nodes.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.2047-2052
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• 2023

Risk-informed approach has been widely applied in the safety design, regulation, and operation of nuclear reactors. It has been commonly accepted that risk-informed design optimization should be used in the innovative reactor designs to make nuclear system highly safe and reliable. In spite of the risk-informed approach has been used in some advanced nuclear reactors designs, such as Westinghouse IRIS, Gen-IV sodium fast reactors and lead-based fast reactors, the process of risk-informed design of nuclear reactors is hardly to carry out when passive system reliability should be integrated in the framework. A practical method for new passive safety reactors based on probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) and passive system reliability analyze linking is proposed in this paper. New three-dimension frequency-consequence curve based on risk concept with three variables is used in this method. The proposed method has been applied to the determination optimization of design options selection in a 10 MWth lead-based research reactor(LR) to obtain one optimized system design in conceptual design stage, using the integrated reliability and probabilistic safety assessment program RiskA, and the computation resources and time consumption in this process was demonstrated reasonable and acceptable.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2001

Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of stimulation of specific auricular acupuncture points on appetite suppression. Methods : The fasted rats were deprived of food and water for 48 hours. Stimulation of tho inner auricular region of the rat correspond to the human stomach acupuncture point was made for leptin, tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) and c-fos expression in the brain of the fasted rats by immunohistochemistry. Results : The immunoteactivities of leptin in the periventricular nucleus of the auricular acupunctured group with fasted were significantly higher compared to those of the fasted group. The immunoreactivities of TPH in the median raphe neucleus and reticulotegmental neucleus pons of the auricular acupunctured group with fasted were significantty higher compared to those of the fasted group. And the immunoreactivities of c-fos in the dentate gyrus of the auricular acupunctured group with fasted were significantly lower compared to those from the fasted group. Conclusions : We conclude that the auricular acupuncture altered leptin and TPH-expression in the brain of the fasted rats. The results suggest that auricular acupuncture may inhibit food intake.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.2921-2926
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• 2013

In this paper, a decimal floating-point arithmetic unit(DFP) was proposed and redesigned to support high speed arithmetic operation employed parallel processing technique. The basic architecture of the proposed DFP was based on the L.K.Wang's DFP and improved it enabling high speed operation by parallel processing for two operands with same size of exponent. The proposed DFP was synthesized as a target device of xc2vp30-7ff896 using Xilinx ISE and verified by simulation using Flowrian tool of System Centroid co. Compared to L.K.Wang's DFP and reference [6]'s method, the proposed DFP improved data processing speed about 8.4% and 3% respectively in case of same input data.