• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2013년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.256-257
• /
• 2013

Roof and exterior wall of general formal buildings are designed and constructed through design focused exterior wall system and drainage and waterproof roof system. However, there are no classification of exterior wall and roof in freeform buildings and they are integrated as a surface of freeform buildings. Therefore it is necessary to develop the dry roof construction method using double skin roof system satisfying the design and function of the envelope. In this study, we have an effort to develop construction method of double-skin roof system using metal panel and PV.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.278-286
• /
• 2017

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of long base lengths of a fixed partial denture (FPD) to rotational resistance with variation of vertical wall angulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Trigonometric calculations were done to determine the maximum wall angle needed to resist rotational displacement of an experimental-FPD model in 2-dimensional plane. The maximum wall angle calculation determines the greatest taper that resists rotation. Two different axes of rotation were used to test this model with five vertical abutment heights of 3-, 3.5-, 4-, 4.5-, and 5-mm. The two rotational axes were located on the mesial-side of the anterior abutment and the distal-side of the posterior abutment. Rotation of the FPD around the anterior axis was counter-clockwise, Posterior-Anterior (P-A) and clockwise, Anterior-Posterior (A-P) around the distal axis in the sagittal plane. RESULTS. Low levels of vertical wall taper, ${\leq}10-degrees$, were needed to resist rotational displacement in all wall height categories; 2-to-6-degrees is generally considered ideal, with 7-to-10-degrees as favorable to the long axis of the abutment. Rotation around both axes demonstrated that two axial walls of the FPD resisted rotational displacement in each direction. In addition, uneven abutment height combinations required the lowest wall angulations to achieve resistance in this study. CONCLUSION. The vertical height and angulation of FPD abutments, two rotational axes, and the long base lengths all play a role in FPD resistance form.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.5-15
• /
• 2009

기존의 블록식 보강토옹벽의 경우 블록과 보강재 연결을 핀, 커텍터 등으로 연결하므로 전면부에 응력집중이 발생하여 블록의 균열이나 보강재 파단파괴가 발생할 수 있는 단점이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 보강재의 침하를 허용하는 새로운 연결시스템을 개발하여 연구대상지역에 일반형 블록식 보강토옹벽 구간과 보강재 침하형 보강토옹벽 구간으로 나누어 시험시공을 실시하였다. 시공과정 및 이후의 현장계측결과 전면블록에 인접한 부분에서 최대인장력으로부터 구한 인장력비가 일반형 보다 침하형이 전면블록 전면부의 음력집중이 크게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.32-47
• /
• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate and propose a green-wall system with evergreen plants for urban greening of Tongyeong City. To achieve these goals, the requirements and possibilities for wall greening were investigated and evaluated considering the location, topography, and climate of Tongyeong City. Existing walls were analyzed and then a suitable green wall system is proposed. Tongyeong City and its 151 islands covers the central and the southern parts of the Goseong peninsula. Most of the land is covered with hills and mountains; $43.9\%$ of the land area has a slope greater than $15\%$ and most hills and mountains near the urban area have a slope of more than $30\%$. As a result of the topographical properties, concrete retaining walls can often be seen along the streets in urbanized areas. These retaining walls are not only unattractive, but they also create environmental problems, and thus should be replaced with native evergreen plants. Options for replacing the retaining walls include evergreen vine-plants such as Hedaa spp. and Euonymus radicans, but native evergreen shrubs such as Pittosporum tobira, Nandina domestica, Raphiolepis umbellata, Ilex cornuta, flex crenata, Fatsia japonic, and Aucuba japonica may be a more attractive option. Current wall conditions are unsuitable for planting vines, therefore, a reservoir-drainage-type plant box filled with a light artificial substrate is required for greening these concrete retaining walls. These might be irrigated in the dry season and fertilized annually by an appropriate system. These plant boxes could be attached along the entire walls. An experiment investigating effects of substrates and bark-chip mulching on the growth of Hedera spp. showed that the mixture of cerasoil and field soil(v/v, 4:6) was superior to field soil alone and to the mixture of perlite small grain, large grain, and field soil(v/v/v, 2:2:6). Bark-chip mulching tended to increase the growth of Hedera spp..

• 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집
• /
• 제12권6호
• /
• pp.531-542
• /
• 2018

Building energy demands have highly risen in modern society; thus, It is necessary to reduce building energy demands especially commercial buildings adopting a curtain wall architecture. Curtain wall architectures have a high ratio of windows which is a vulnerable in heat insulations as cladding. In order to complement insulation performance of windows in these buildings, there are various methods adopted often such as installing blinds, wing wall and films. There are two suggestions of this paper. 1) WWR (Window-to-Wall Ratio) makes a impaction of energy demands in buildings. 2) Another one is an efficiency of blind systems which are installed in buildings in order to reduce cooling demands. It is also critical to make fundamental model for low-energy building construction by processing a lot of simulation As a result by this study, 1) an external blind system is more useful for reducing cooling energy demands rather than an internal blind system. 2) Buildings which have a large window require more amount of cooling demands. In case of WWR 45%, it needs more cooling energy rather than WWR 15% model's 3) Adopting blind system would reduce energy demands. WWR 45% model with external blind systems reduces about 4% of cooling energy demands compared to same model without any blind systems.4) it is necessary to study an efficiency of blind systems combined with renewable energy and it will be possible to reduce more energy demand in building significantly.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제51권6호
• /
• pp.1514-1524
• /
• 2019

Hydrogen-steam gas mixture may be injected into containment with flow regime varying both spatially and transiently due to wall effect and pressure difference between primary loop and containment in severe accidents induced by loss of coolant accident. Preliminary CFD analysis is conducted to gain information about the helium flow regime transition process from jet to buoyancy plume for forthcoming experimental study. Physical models of impinging jet and wall condensation are validated using separated effect experimental data, firstly. Then helium transportation is analyzed with the effect of jet momentum, buoyancy and wall cooling discussed. Result shows that helium distribution is totally dominated by impinging jet in the beginning, high concentration appears near gas source and wall where jet momentum is strong. With the jet weakening, stable light gas layer without recirculating eddy is established by buoyancy. Transient reversed helium distribution appears due to natural convection resulted from wall cooling, which delays the stratification. It is necessary to concern about hydrogen accumulation in lower space under the containment external cooling strategy. From the perspective of experiment design, measurement point should be set at the height of connecting pipe and near the wall for stratification stability criterion and impinging jet modelling validation.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.70-78
• /
• 2023

선행연구에서는 지중경사계의 문제점인 1) 지중경사계관 설치의 어려움, 2) 단면 변위 파악의 한계성, 3) 인력 중심의 계측 방식을 해결하기 위한 2D LiDAR 센서 기반의 흙막이 벽체 변위 계측 시스템을 개발하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 선행연구에서 개발된 흙막이 벽체 변위 계측 시스템 내 탑재될 변위 분석 알고리즘을 선정하는 것이다. 변위 분석 알고리즘 선정 결과, 변위 추정 오차가 2mm인 M3C2 알고리즘이 흙막이 벽체 변위 분석 알고리즘으로 선정되었다. 본 연구 결과에서 선정된 M3C2 알고리즘이 흙막이 벽체 변위 계측 시스템에 탑재되고 수차례의 현장 실험을 통해 변위 분석 결과의 신뢰성이 담보될 경우 흙막이 벽체 변위 계측 시스템이 현행 계측관리 대비 변위 계측의 편리성 측면에서 효과적으로 흙막이 벽체의 변위를 관리할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2013

The green building is one of biggest factors to go the goal of energy saving and environmental conservation, reduction of energy consumption, friendly energy technology, recycling of resource, and environmental pollution reduction technology. The purpose of these green buildings realized by the energy-saving technology such as the exterior materials or curtain wall system. The curtain wall system is a element that come to insulated portions of building envelope that results in heat loss. The purpose of this paper is to carried out mock-up tests for exterior wall used in autoclaved lightweight concrete panels in green building practices. Mock-up test execute a mixed process between standard test procedure and complex test procedure based on AAMA 501(American Society for Testing and Materials) and ASTM 283, ASTM 330(American Society for Testing and Materials). In results, tests meet the requirements that grant values in steps of procedures provided on ASTM and AAMA. ALC panel is suitable for a exterior wall product to be gratified thermal cycling performance and structural capacity, deflection(H/200) and lateral displacement(H/50), for curtain walls.

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제28권5호
• /
• pp.333-337
• /
• 2004

측벽과 선박간의 상호 간섭력이 선박 조종 운동에 상당히 크게 작용하는 것은 잘 알려셔 있다. 이 논문에서 측벽 부근을 항해하는 선박에 미치는 측벽의 간섭 영향에 대해서 다루어지고, 선박과 측벽간의 간섭력 추정을 위해 세장체 이론을 토대로 학 계산 방법이 적용되며, 선박 조종 운동에 미치는 측벽의 영향을 파악하기 위하여 선박과 돌제(반원)형상을 하고 있는 측벽간의 간섭력을 수치 계산하였다. 이 논문에서 사용되어진 계산 방법은 제한수역에서의 충돌 회피를 위한 선박의 자동 세어 시스템과 해상 교통 제어 시스템 및 항만 건설 등을 위한 초기 설계 단계에서 선박 조종성의 예측에 상당히 유용할 것이다

• 한국건축시공학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.230-242
• /
• 2012

Recently the Permanent Uni-wall System (PUS) has been developed which improved the disadvantage of the Cast-In-Place Concrete Pile (CIP) and could be used as permanent retaining wall. In this study, joints between PUS and floor systems were developed. From analyses of the characteristics of design and construction of PUS, shear friction reinforcements with couplers were adopted for shear design of the joints. Twelve types of joints were developed which were classified according to the types of floor structures, wale, and piles of PUS. Two typical joints were tested and the joints showed satisfactory behaviors on the points of shear strength, stiffness, and serviceability. Especially the shear strengths were much higher than the design strengths due to the shear keys which were by-products in splicing shear reinforcements. However, the shear strength of the joint is recommended to be designed by only shear friction reinforcement because shear key is not reliable and too brittle.