• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.9-15
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• 2004

In this study the development of the two dimensional flowfield around an impulsively translated circular cylinder is numerically simulated using the diffusion vortex method. A detailed streamline pattern of fore wake and main wake of Re=1200, 9500 flowfields are investigated. The results of streamline pattern, the size of main wake and the axial velocities along the rear symmetry axis of the circular cylinder show good agreement with the reported experimental results. The long term wake delvelopment for Re=1200 flowfield was calculated up to ${\tau}=50$. The vortex shedding frequency shows the similar value as that of reported.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.224-231
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• 2009

In this study, an aerodynamic performance analysis code has been developed as a part of rotorcraft comprehensive program. Airloads on rotor blades are calculated based on the blade element theory with look-up tables of aerodynamic coefficients of 2-D airfoils. In order to calculate rotor induced inflow, various inflow prediction methods such as linear inflow, dynamic inflow, prescribed wake and free wake model are integrated into the present module. The aerodynamic characteristics of each method are compared and validated against available experimental data such as Elliot's inflow distribution and sectional normal force coefficients of AH-1G.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.191-209
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• 2023

This work investigates the subcritical free-shear prism wake at Re=22,000 by the Koopman analysis using the Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) algorithm. The Koopman model linearized nonlinearities in the stochastic, homogeneous anisotropic turbulent wake, generating temporally orthogonal eigen tuples that carry meaningful, coherent structures. Phenomenological analysis of dominant modes revealed their physical interpretations: Mode 1 renders the mean-field dynamics, Modes 2 describes the roll-up of the Strouhal vortex, Mode 3 describes the Bloor-Gerrard vortex resulting from the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability inside shear layers, its superposition onto the Strouhal vortex, and the concurrent flow entrainment, Modes 6 and 10 describe the low-frequency shedding of turbulent separation bubbles (TSBs) and turbulence production, respectively, which contribute to the beating phenomenon in the lift time history and the flapping motion of shear layers, Modes 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9 are the relatively trivial harmonic excitations. This work demonstrates the Koopman analysis' ability to provide insights into free-shear flows. Its success in subcritical turbulence also serves as an excellent reference for applications in other nonlinear, stochastic systems.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.43-50
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• 2013

2012년 지상파 아날로그 TV 방송의 종료 및 디지털 TV 전환에 따라 디지털 TV를 활용한 차세대 방송서비스에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 뿐만 아니라 2005년 전국 방송을 시작으로 현재 5000만대 이상의 수신기가 보급되어 있는 지상파 DMB(T-DMB:Terrestrial Digital Multimedia Broadcasting)의 효과적인 활용을 위한 연구도 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이러한 서비스 중 안전에 대한 인식이 증대되면서 재난 발생시 최단시간에 관련된 정보를 수신할 수 있는 방송서비스에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있다. 특히 재난 시 방송을 시청하지 않더라도 자동으로 재난상황을 인지하여 Wake-up할 수 있는 기술에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 고에서는 기존의 국내 및 해외의 재난 경보 방송시스템에 대해 검토하고 지상파 디지털 TV와 T-DMB를 통한 차세대 방송서비스로 연구되고 있는 자동인지 Wake-up기술에 대해 소개한다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.1568_1569
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• 2009

RFID 수동 태그의 동작 원리를 이용하여 USN/WBAN 센서 노드 시스템에 적용 가능한 웨이크 업 회로를 설계하였다. 웨이크 업회로 구성은 크게 전압 체배기, 복조기, 상태기계로 구성되었다. 상태 기계에 동작 가능한 전압을 공급하기 위해 전압 체배기는 문턱 전압 제거 방식을 적용한 구조를 사용하였고, 복조기 회로로는 AM 복조기로 구조가 간단한 포락선 검파기 방식을 사용하였다. 전압 체배기에 높은 전압이 인가될 경우 회로가 파괴되는 것을 막기 위해 제한 회로를 구성하여 최대 전압을 2.1V로 제한하였다. 또한 복조기에서는 안정적인 데이터 복조를 위해 비교기의 기준전압을 입력신호의 평균값을 사용한 슈미트 트리거 비교기를 사용하여 안정적으로 데이터를 추출하였다. 삼성 0.18um CMOS 공정을 이용하여 설계하였고, 측정 결과 전압 체배기의 체배 전압은 2.07~1.76V까지 체배 되는 것을 확인하였고, 복조기의 데이터 복조 역시 약 4M의 거리까지 데이터를 복조함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.674-681
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• 2005

The unsteady evolution of trailing vortex sheets behind wings in close formation flight near the ground is simulated using a discrete vortex method. The ground effect is included by an image method. The method is validated by comparing computed results with other numerical results. For a lifting line with an elliptic loading, the ground has an effect of moving wingtip vortices laterally outward and suppressing the development of vortex evolution. The gap between wings in close formation flight has an effect of moving up wingtip vortices facing each other. For wings flying in parallel, the ground effect causes the wingtip vortices facing each other to move up, and it makes the opposite wing tip vortices to move laterally outward. When there is a relative height between the wings in ground effect, right-hand side wingtip vortices from a mothership move laterally inward.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2000

A low-order potential based boundary element method is applied for the prediction of the performance of flapped rudders as well as all-movable rudders in steady inflow. In order to obtain a reasonable solution at large angles of attack, the location of the trailing wake sheet is determined by aligning freely with the local flow. The effect of the wake sheet roll-up is also included with use of a high order panel method. The flow in the gap of a flapped rudder is modeled as Couette flow and its effect is introduced into the kinematic boundary conditions for flux at both the inlet and the outlet of the gap. In order to validate the present method, the method is applied for a series of rudders and the computational results on forces and moments are compared with experimental data. The effect of the gap size on the forces and moments is also presented.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.55.1-55
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Logic
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2017

In modern cosmology, it is controversial whether the existence of human consciousness can be used as evidence to support the hypothesis that many parallel universes are actualized. In this paper, we want to explore the nature of self-consciousness information that I am awake now. Consider the following experiment participating Al and Bob. We throw a fair coin on Sunday. If the coin lands heads we wake up just one of Al and Bob on Monday. If the coin lands tails we wake up both of Al and Bob. On Monday, at least one of Al and Bob will wake up, to what degree ought they believe that the outcome of the coin toss is heads? We will argue that the correct answer to this question is 1/3. To this end, we will argue the awakened person's information that "I am awake" is given to himself through a random procedure.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.454-460
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• 2020

Artificial intelligence assistants that provide speech recognition operate through cloud-based voice recognition with high accuracy. In cloud-based speech recognition, Wake-Up-Word (WUW) detection plays an important role in activating devices on standby. In this paper, we compare the performance of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based WUW detection models for mobile devices by using Google's speech commands dataset, using the spectrogram and mel-frequency cepstral coefficient features as inputs. The CNN models used in this paper are multi-layer perceptron, general convolutional neural network, VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50, ResNet101, ResNet152, MobileNet. We also propose network that reduces the model size to 1/25 while maintaining the performance of MobileNet is also proposed.