• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제57권3호
• /
• pp.252-259
• /
• 2024

Objectives: This study investigated factors associated with the retention of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) during the first 3 years of treatment. Methods: A retrospective study using electronic health records was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. Adult HIV-positive patients who started ART from 2010 until 2020 were included. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with ART retention in the first 3 years. Results: In total, 535 respondents were included in the analysis. The ART retention rates for the first, second, and third years were 83.7%, 79.1%, and 77.2%, respectively. The multivariate analysis revealed a negative association between CD4 count when starting ART and retention. Patients with CD4 counts >200 cells/mL were 0.65 times less likely to have good retention than those with CD4 counts ≤200 cells/mL. The year of starting ART was also significantly associated with retention. Patients who started ART in 2010-2013 or 2014-2016 were less likely to have good retention than those who started ART in 2017-2020, with adjusted odds ratios of 0.52 and 0.40, respectively. Patients who received efavirenz-based therapy were 1.69 times more likely to have good retention than those who received nevirapine (95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 2.72). Conclusions: Our study revealed a decline in ART retention in the third year. The CD4 count, year of enrollment, and an efavirenz-based regimen were significantly associated with retention. Patient engagement has long been a priority in HIV programs, with interventions being implemented to address this issue.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.85-89
• /
• 2015

Background: The study was designed to assess the changes in working conditions through a comparative analysis of the characteristics of working conditions in 2006 and 2010. Methods: We performed a comparative analysis of the data related to the first Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS) and the second KWCS in the categories of demographic characteristics, quality of labor, exposure to hazards, and health problems. Results: From our analysis of the demographic characteristics, we saw an increase in labor force participation rate of women and elderly people. As a result of the investigation with regards to working hours, the ratio of employees who worked for ${\geq}49$ hours per week was decreased and the ratio of employees who worked for ${\geq}40h/wk$ increased. As for exposure to hazards, exposure to tobacco smoke notably decreased in 2010 compared with 2006. With regards to health problems, there was a sharp increase in the number of people who complained of muscle pain in their arms and legs. Conclusion: KWCS data included many aspects of working conditions as a nationwide sample. In addition, because this is a periodic nationwide survey, the labor force, working hours, harmful factor exposure, and the change in health problems characteristics according to the flow of time could be investigated. The information comparing the main results of the first survey conducted in 2006 and the second survey conducted in 2010 obtained through this study can be used as an important base material for the establishment of the national policy.

• 국제물리치료학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.828-832
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship the quality of life, osteoarthritis and osteoporosis in the Republic of Korea. This study was utilized raw data from the 2010 KCHS. In total, 229,229 individuals participated in the 2010 survey. The final analysis was identified 22,545 individuals who had been diagnosed by a doctor with arthritis or osteoporosis. To identify the relationship between the quality of life - related after treated or treating of arthritis, osteoporosis, A multiple linear regression analysis was performed. Treating group for osteoarthritis of their quality of life has statistically been less than after treated group(B=-.068, p<.001). Treating group for osteoporosis of their quality of life has statistically been less than after treated group(B=-.083, p<.001). Non-treatment group who was diagnosed by doctor, but no treated subject for osteoarthritis of their quality of life has statistically been less than after treated group(B=-.075, p<.001). Non-treatment group that was diagnosed by doctor, but no treated subject for osteoporosis of their quality of life has statistically been less than after treated group(B=-.045, p<.001). Non-treatment group who was diagnosed by doctor, but no treated subject for osteoporosis and arthritis of their quality of life has statistically been less than after treated group(B=-.0121, p<.001). as a result of those data, we understand that the decision maker for treatment has been chosen by quality of life, including pain, mobility activity and so on.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제48권6호
• /
• pp.480-484
• /
• 2010

Objective : To evaluate the role of lumbar drainage in the prevention of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus after treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms by coil embolization in good-grade patients. Methods : One-hundred-thirty consecutive patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in good-grade patients (Hunt & Hess grades I-III), who were treated by coil embolization between August 2004 and April 2010 were retrospectively evaluated. Poor-grade patients (Hunt & Hess grades IV and V), a history of head trauma preceding the development of headache, negative angiograms, primary subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and loss to follow-up were excluded from the study. We assessed the effects on lumbar drainage on the risk of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus related to coil embolization in patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms. Results : One-hundred-twenty-six patients (96.9%) did not develop shunt-dependent hydrocephalus. The 2 patients (1.5%) who developed acute hydrocephalus treated with temporary external ventricular drainage did not require permanent shunt diversion. Overall, 4 patients (3.1%) required permanent shunt diversion; acute hydrocephalus developed in 2 patients (50%). There was no morbidity or mortality amongst the patients who underwent a permanent shunt procedure. Conclusion : Coil embolization of ruptured intracranial aneurysms may be associated with a lower risk for developing shunt-dependent hydrocephalus, possibly by active management of lumbar drainage, which may reflect less damage for cisternal anatomy than surgical clipping. Coil embolization might have an effect the long-term outcome and decision-making for ruptured intracranial aneurysms.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.105-108
• /
• 2010

The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) has been increased recently in Korea. Most patients who have GERD are well treated by medication. But patients who have suboptimal disease control under medical therapy are needed further treatment. Nowadays minimally invasive surgery using laparoscopy and thoracoscopy has become popular in the operation of GERD although antireflux surgery is vary. Antireflux surgery is a well-documented, effective therapeutic alternative to control GERD.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• 제8권5호
• /
• pp.493-497
• /
• 2010

This paper address the problem of tracking multiple objects encountered in many situation in developing condensation algorithms. The difficulty lies on the fact that the implementation of condensation algorithm is not easy for the general users. We propose an automatic code generation program for condensation algorithm using MATLAB tool. It will help for general user who is not familiar with condensation algorithm to apply easily for real system. The merit of this program is that a general industrial engineer can easily simulate the designed system and confirm the its performance on the fly.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.184-191
• /
• 2010

Purpose: Examine changes in the aspect and state of patient with infertility who admitted to Korean oriental hospital. Look at the changes in last 8 years and seek how oriental medicine can approach to infertility patients who admitted to Korean oriental hospital in last 8 years. Methods: Total of 7434 new patients with infertility who admitted to Gynecology of Oriental Hospital, $\bigcirc\bigcirc$ University Medical Center, from October 2002 to December 2009 was compared to infertility patients based on bottom collected data in this study, total of 1061 infertility patients were targeted for this study. Results: 1.There is no distinct increases in age between women who admitted to oriental medicine and patient's average age, it has shown constantly increasing trend in their age though. However, the average age of infertility patients have shown significant increasing range than average age of all infertility patients. 2. After analysis the result of infertility patient's rate of overall patients, the rate of infertility patients are remaining the same or slowing down in 2005, as the starting year(Table 2). The significant relationship was found in diagnosis and treatment of gynecology(Table 4~5) for infertility patients. In 2005 as the starting year, as patients who admitted to oriental hospital after diagnosed or treated at gynecology are increasing, the rate of infertility patients of overall patients admitted to hospital is slowing down, which is decreasing. 3. There is increasing number of patient diagnosed with "unknown cause" who admitted to Gynecology of Oriental Hospital after year of 2005. 4. The increasing number of patient diagnosed with "unknown cause" who admitted to oriental hospital has a tendency to be important factor in infertility treatment of oriental medicine. Conclusion: Unknown causes of infertility patients who admitted to oriental hospital will continuously increase as senses of society, economic, and social climate change.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.441-448
• /
• 2010

Objectives : This study was conducted in order to investigate the percentage of adolescents who brush their teeth after lunch and its related factors using raw data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Methods : In order to extract adolescents to be subjected to this study, 300 adolescents between the age of 12 to 18 who are currently attending junior and senior high school were chosen out of a total of 4,594 subjects. The results from the health surveys and the oral checkup results from the medical examination conducted on these adolescents were analyzed. Results : 1. The percentage of adolescents who brush their teeth after lunch was 33.9%. 2. The percentage of the adolescents who brush their teeth after lunch differed significantly according to the gender (p<0.001), age (p<0.05), the time of their recent visit to the dentist (p<0.05), and whether they had suffered from permanent tooth caries (p<0.05). 3. The factors which affect whether the adolescents brush their teeth after lunch was their gender, the total number of the times they brush their teeth per day, and their age. Conclusions : Effective oral health education methods should be reinforced in order to increase the percentage of the adolescents who brush their teeth after lunch.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.29-33
• /
• 2010

Recently some negative opinions on milk, for instance, 'don't drink, if you want to live long' 'people who drink milk life-long, they suffer from arteriosclerosis' or 'milk is not helpful to osteoporosis, because it's acid food' etc. are confusing the regular consumers who believe milk is one of the best food, although milk has been used for a longtime since it was proved as the most nutritionally perfect food by many scientific researchers and medical doctors. According to the contents of negative assertion, experiments were carried out mostly targeting western people who are eating bread with butter everyday and taking large quantity of meat & milk, probably 2~3 times more than asian people. So, the probability of suffering from many diseases like obesity, hypertension, arteriosclerosis etc. is naturally high. Therefore, comparison itself between westerner and asian is not reasonable because of quite different food culture and fat intake far less. Milk has been contributing to the health of human for hundreds years supplying many nutrients, and this kind of contribution will last as long as humankind exist on the earth. However, milk is good source of many functional components, there are some people who can not drink milk. As a nutritionist said, milk is a kind of food, the only problem is quantity, people who can not digest milk can choose another and who want to drink milk, drink it as much as they need. That's all.

• 수산해양교육연구
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.566-575
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine how school soccer league influenced the school life satisfaction of middle school student in an attempt to help improve their school life and facilitate the universalization of school soccer league. The subjects were 103 students participating in school soccer league at a boy's middle school in Busan and 148 non-participants at the same school as a comparison group. The findings of this study were as follows: 1. The students who participated in the school soccer league program expressed better satisfaction with school life than the other who didn't, and the gap between the two was statistically significant. 2. The students who participated in the school soccer league program, the students who showed higher participation frequency expressed better satisfaction with school life than the other who didn't, and the gap between the two was statistically significant. 3. The student who participated in the school soccer league program, the higher level students of soccer ability expressed better satisfaction with school life than the lower level student of that, and the gap between the two was statistically significant.