• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.351-364
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• 2023

The experiment was carried out to study the effect of Korean wild ginseng adventitious root supplementation on the laying performance, egg quality, cytokine expression, ginsenoside concentration, and microflora quantity of Institut de selection Animale (ISA) brown laying hens at 24 weeks old. A total of 90 laying hens were subjected to a completely randomized design at three treatments, five repetitions and six laying hens per replicate. The experiments were divided by diets into the basic feed (CON), basic feed + 0.1% wild ginseng (WG1), and basic feed + 0.5% wild ginseng (WG2). The feeding trial was carried out over a duration of 12 weeks after an initial acclimation period of 2 weeks. Feeds and water were administered ad libitum in mash form, and light was available for 16 hours per day. At the end of study, henday egg production (HDEP), average egg weight (AEW), and egg mass (EM) were increased (p <0.05) in WG2 at week 12. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was decreased (p < 0.05) in WG2 at week 12. The ginsenoside content in egg yolk was increased (p <0.05) in laying hens in the WG2 treatment at week 12. Relative expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was reduced (p < 0.05) in the WG supplemented diets at week 12. The fecal microflora quantity of Lactobacillus was increased (p < 0.05) in WG2 at week 8 to week 12, and Escherichia coli (E. coli) was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the WG2 at week 12. We concluded that the result observed in the HDEP, AEW, EM and FCR was due to an increase in ginsenoside content, leading to an improvement in the TNF-α, and fecal microflora quantity such as Lactobacillus and E. coli in the WG2 supplemented diets. We therefore recommend the use of WG at application level 0.5% per basal diet for optimum laying performance in layer hens.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.271-278
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• 2007

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of fermented wild-ginseng culture by-product on egg production, egg quality and blood characteristics in laying hens. A total of 216 ISA Brown laying hens, 55 wk of age, were used in the 6-wk feeding trial. Experimental diets were consisted of basal diet (CON), 2.5% fermented wild-ginseng culture by-product replaced lupin in basal diet (WG1) and 5.0% fermented wild-ginseng culture by-product replaced lupin in basal diet (WG2). Birds were randomly allotted to 18 replicate pens. There were 6 replicates per treatment, and 12 laying hens per replicate. Through the 6-wk feeding trial, egg production was significantly increased in WG1 and WG2 treatments compared to CON (P<0.05). Egg weight was significantly higher in WG2 than CON (P<0.05). WG1 resulted higher yolk color than CON (P<0.05). Albumen height and Haugh unit were significantly improve in WG1 compared to WG2 (P<0.05). Red blood cell was significantly lower in WG2 than CON (P<0.05). LDL-cholesterol was significantly decreased in CON compared to WG2 (P<0.05). In conclusion, fermented wild-ginseng culture by-product could improve egg production and egg weight in laying hens.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.125-151
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• 1996

본 고에서는 ISO/IEC JTC1 SC27/WG2의 용어들에 관하여 조사한다. 용어는 이론의 개념을 나타내는 매우 긴요한 구성 요소로서 모든 체계에 있어서 용어의 적절한 정의는 필수적이다. 국내에서 SC27과 관련하여 많은 국내 표준화가 이루어지고 있으나, 용어의 선택과 그 정의에 관한 합의는 아직 도출되지 못한 실정이다. 따라서 본고에서는 관련된 영어 정의와 해당되는 한글 정의를 제시함으로써 국내 관련 용어 표준화에 기여하고자 하며, 암호학의 기본적인 개념들을 정립하고자 할 때 정확한 개념의 확립에 도움이 되고자 한다. 본 고는 ISO/IEC JTC1 SC27/WG2의 Editor인 C. J. Mitchell(영국)에 의한 WG2 문서$^{[Mi]}$에 기초하고 있다. 본 고에서는 단지 ISO/IEC JTC1 SC27/WG2의 용어들만을 정의하며, 추후 다른WG의 용어들의 보강하고, 전문가들의 의견을 종합하여 용어의 국내 표준화를 완성하고자 한다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.820-826
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• 2014

It is well known that energy generated by a wind generator (WG) depends on the wind resources at the installation site. In other words, a WG installed in a high wind speed area can produce more energy than that in a low wind speed area. However, a WG installed at a low wind site can produce a similar amount of energy to that produced by a WG installed at a high wind site if the WG is designed with a rated wind speed corresponding to the mean wind speed of the site. In this paper, we investigated the power curve of a WG suitable for Korea's southwestern coast with a low mean wind speed to achieve a high capacity factor (CF). We collected the power curves of the 11 WGs of the 6 WG manufacturers. The probability density function of the wind speed on Korea's southwestern coast was modeled using the Weibull distribution. The annual energy production by the WG was calculated and then the CFs of all of the WGs were estimated and compared. The results indicated that the WG installed on the Korea's southwestern coast could obtain a CF higher than 40 % if it was designed with the lower rated speed corresponding to the mean wind speed at the installation site.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2004

This study was carried out to determine the effect of white and red Panak ginseng on body weight gain, feed efficiency, epididymal fat weight, and total serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels in male rats (Wister/ST, 8-week-old, 320 g) fed high fat diet. Rats were divided largely into two groups; normal control (NC) and high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed groups. HFD-fed animals were subdivided into 2 groups; HFD-fed control (FC), and HFD- and ginseng-fed groups. HFD and ginseng fed animals were furthor subdivided into white (WG)- and red ginseng (RG)-treated groups. Ginseng-treated groups received ethanol extract at daily doses of 250, 500, 1,000 mg/kg b.w. for 4 weeks. Consequently, a total of 40 rats were divided into 8 groups. Body weight gain of WG-500 (P<0.05), WG1000 (P<0.01) and RG500 (P<0.05) was significantly lower than that of the NC. Feed efficiency showed same result. The epididymal fat weight of WG500, WG1000 and RG250 was markedly lower (P<0.05) than that in FC. Total serum cholesterol level of WG250, WG500, WG1000 and RG1000 groups were significantly lower (P<0.05) than that of FC. Decrease in the total cholesterol level was most significant in WG100 group. Treatment of ginseng significantly reduced serum free cholesterol and triglyceride levels of the HFD-fed rats irrespective of white or red ginseng. Among the test groups, administration of ginseng at daily dose of 1,000 mg/kg b.w. showed the most potent free cholesterol and triglyceride lowering activity. These results led us to the conclusion that administration of ginseng lowers serum total or free cholesterol and triglyceride levels in HFD-fed animals. Moreover the beneficial effect of white ginseng was slightly more potent than that of the red ginseng.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.18-31
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• 2015

ISO/IEC JTC1/SC27/WG2 (Information technology - Security techniques - Cryptography & Security Mechanisms, 이하 줄여서 'SC27/WG2'로 표시)은 암호학을 중심으로 기술적인 정보보호 기법들을 표준화하는 기구이며, 그 역사 및 상세 소개는 같은 호에 송정환 교수가 할 것으로 알고, 본인은 SC27/WG2에서 다루는 디지털서명과 실체 인증에 관한 표준들에 대해 모든 내용을 구체적으로 소개하는 것 보다는 기법의 분류 및 찾아 볼 수 있도록 참고문헌을 소개하겠다.

• Pallet News
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• s.22
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• pp.13-16
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• 2001

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2015

Background: Korean ginseng is a well-known medicinal herb that has been widely used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases, including asthma. Ginseng can be classified as white ginseng (WG) or red ginseng (RG), according to processing conditions. In this study, the authors compared the efficacies of these two ginseng types in a mouse model of acute asthma. Methods: To produce the acute asthma model, BALB/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminum hydroxide, and then challenged with OVA. WG and RG extracts were administered to mice orally. The influences of WG and RG on airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), immune cell distributions in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), IgG1, and IgG2a in serum were investigated. Cytokine production by lymphocytes isolated from peribronchial lymph nodes and histopathological changes was also examined. Results: In OVA-sensitized mice, both WG and RG reduced AHR and suppressed immune cell infiltration in bronchoalveolar regions. BALF OVA-specific IgE levels were significantly lower in RG-treated OVAsensitized mice than in the OVA-sensitized control group. WG and RG also suppressed inflammatory cytokine production by peribronchial lymphocytes. Histopathological findings showed reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and airway remodeling (e.g., epithelial hyperplasia) in WG- and RG-treated OVA mice compared with OVA controls. Conclusion: In this study, WG and RG showed antiasthmatic effects in an OVA-sensitized mouse model, and the efficacies of RG were found to be better than those of WG.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.38-45
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• 2004

본고에서는 IETF IPSEC WG과 IPSEC프로토콜 관련 표준화 작업을 위해 최근 결성되어 관심을 모으고 활발히 활동을 시작한 MOBIKE WG 및 PK14IPSEC WG의 표준화 활동을 소개하고 간략히 요약한다. 또한 멀티캐스트 보안 표준화 작업을 수행하는 MSEC WG기 활동을 소개하고 현재 진행 사항과 최근의 표준화 작업의 내용과 기술 동향을 기술한다.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.23-29
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• 2011

ISO/IEC JTC1/SC27 WG2의 역사 및 개요를 간단히 소개하고, 각 표준 별로 어떠한 내용인지, 어떤 기법들이 표준화되었는지를 살펴 본 후, 앞으로 WG2에서 표준화가 될 가능성이 있는 topic들을 살펴보고, 마지막으로 현재 가장 중요한 issue가 되고 있는 국제표준 암호알고리즘 선정기준에 대해 소개한다.