• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.44-55
• /
• 1996

원자력 발전소에서 방사성 요오드를 제거하기 위해 사용되는 원료활성탄과 2%, 5%TEDA(Triethylene-Diamine) 첨착활성탄을 이용하여 원소요오드와 유기요오드인 메틸요오드에 대한 흡착특성을 분석하였다. 여러 흡착 등온식을 선정하여 실험치와 비교함으로서 선정된 흡착 등온식의 적합성 여부를 검증하였다. 흡착평형 실험결과 Dubinin-Astakhov(DA) 등온식이 여러 가지 흡착등온식 가운데 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 흡착표면의 흡착에너지 분포가 불균일(Heterogeneous)하기 때문에 포텐셜 (Potential) 에너지를 근거로 하는 DA등온식이 흡착평형 관계를 보다 정확하게 나타내는 것으로 생각된다. 흡착표면의 불균일성을 확인하기 위해 흡착에너지 분포도를 원료활성탄과 첨착활성탄에 대해 상호 비교하였다 활성탄-요오드 흡착시스템에서 불균일성은 활성탄의 기공구조 분만 아니라 흡착질과 활성탄과의 상호관계에 의해서도 영향을 받게된다 따라서 흡착표면의 불균일성은 활성탄을 첨착함에 따라서 증가하게 되고 원소요오드보다 유기요오드의 경우 불균일성이 더 커지는 것으로 보여진다.

• Computers and Concrete
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.311-325
• /
• 2012

In this paper, we examine the behavior of the High-Rate Brittle Microplane (HRBM) concrete model based on a series of penetration experiments. These experiments were conducted with three different slab thicknesses (127, 216 and 254 mm) that provided a significant challenge for the numerical simulations. The 127 mm slab provided little resistance, the 216 mm slab provided nominal resistance and the 254 mm slab approached the perforation limit thickness of the projectile. These experiments provide a good baseline for evaluating material models since they have been shown to be extremely challenging; in fact, we have not encountered many material models that can provide quantitatively predictive results in terms of both projectile exit velocity and material damage. In a companion paper, we described the HRBM material model and its fit to various quasi-static material property data for WES-5000 concrete. In this paper, we show that, when adequately fit to these quasi-static data, the HRBM model does not have significant predictive capabilities, even though the quasi-static material fit may be exceptional. This was attributed to the rate-dependent response of the material. After various rate effects were introduced into the HRBM model, the quantitative predictive nature of the calculations dramatically increased. Unfortunately, not much rate-dependent material property data are in the literature; hence, accurate incorporation of rate effects into material models is difficult. Nonetheless, it seems that rate effects may be critical in obtaining an accurate response for concrete during projectile perforation events.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.27-44
• /
• 2009

In Korea, the direction of houses are typically determined by considering the directional orientation and shape of the mountain range rather than ignoring the geographical feature of the mountain range. Traditional villages of Korea are known to have very particular ways of adopting the geomantic surroundings of natural environment. This is very true especially have a high mountain in the back and a lower mountain in front. At the same time, most of the houses tend to prefer south as a man direction so that they can receive more sun light. However, if the mountain range faces north, it will not be easy to determine the directional orientation of houses. This paper, therefore, tries to identify how the houses of villages facing north, direst the orientation. This, the northern village, solves the problem by facing all direction rather than one major direction. The houses of the villages facing north, tend to revise the direction by changing the back mountain(주산) or front mountain(인산) that helps them change the direction towards he range of eastern or western direction. As a result, the houses tend to the direction towards east and wes compared to north and south. The directional orientation of houses was clearly distributed or concentrated by depending of the shape and directional orientation of the mountain range. This kind of research let us know the relationship between the natural north direction, the direction of geomantic surrounding, and the direction of houses in traditional Korean villages.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.14-21
• /
• 2000

본 연구는 조류의 고농도 배양을 통하여 축산폐수로부터 질소, 인등의 영양염류를 효과적으로 제거하여 환경오염을 감소시키는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 조류성장의 환경적 요소인 질소/인 농도비에 대한 질소와 인의 제거효율 분석 실험을 통하여 질적 질소/인 농도비를 결정하였다. 고농도 조류 배양을 위한 광도의 균일한 공급을 위하여 광섬유를 이용한 광생물반응기를 공정에 적용하였다. 제안된 광섬유를 이용한 광생물반응기는 광원으로부터 반응기 전체로 효과적인 광전달을 수행하는 것을 확인하였다. 조류 배양에서 조류의 성장과 질소, 인의 제거를 표현하기 위해서 구조적 속도식 모델을 제시하였다. 유전알고리즘을 이용한 자기구성퍼지 제어기를 구성하여 반연속식 폐수처리공정의 제어를 수행하였다. 구성된 퍼지 제어기는 폐수의 유입량 조절을 통하여 질소의 농도를 주어진 설정치로 유지되도록 운전하였다. 실험 결과에 의해 자기구성 퍼지 제어기는 원하는 질소의 농도를 잘 유지함은 물론 조류의 성장을 증진시킴을 알 수 있었다.

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.91-101
• /
• 2012

The purposes of this study were to identify the living environment in rural fishing area and to suggest checking methods for implementation performance. Rural service standard is the key factor of rural development in Korea. In 2012. The first Implementations of performance was announced. The results were presented to the unit by the City and the County. Because of Fishing villages exists as a unit by the haengjeongri. It is difficult to know the status of the fishing villages by the Rural service standard. In order to look for the actual conditions in rural fishing village it was investigated in the 100 Eochongye. The data used in the analysis is 577 questionnaires. Analysis showed that rural fishing areas were superior to general state of rural in the 8 items of rural service standard. Especially housing, transportation and health care sector in rural fishing area wes better than general state of rural. But Public safety and order is relatively poor. This is because Fishing village contains islands. Presenting to improve rural service standard based on the results of research. The items of rural service standard should be measured the actual residents' accessibility than opportunity of the public service, and after setting the rural service standard clearly related to the quality of life of residents in each sector. Accessibility aspects of the customer for the public services should be considered. Checking the performance for the unit by the City and the County should be replaced as a living zone in order to consider the facilities using nearby.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2012년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.587-587
• /
• 2012

현재 대부분 하천관리의 흐름해석에서 주가 되었던 1차원 분석은 하천 단면에 따른 횡적인 수면차, 유속분포를 분석할 수 없다는 단점을 가지고 있으며, 특히 유량 및 유속이 급속도로 늘어나는 홍수시에는 그 오차가 더욱 커질 수 있다. 반면에 2차원 모형의 흐름해석은 사행하천의 흐름 특성과 만곡부에서의 종 횡방향 수면경사 및 양안의 수면차와 합류지점의 횡방향 흐름 등의 영향을 고려할 수 있으며 1차원 해석과는 달리 전 단면에 걸쳐 유속 및 수위 분포를 나타낼 수 있어 실제흐름에 가까운 수리량을 얻을 수 있다. 본 연구를 위해 적용된 해석모형인 SMS는 미국 Brigham Young 대학의 환경모형연구실과 미공병단(USACE)의 수로실험국(WES) 등에서 개발한 프로그램으로서 RMA2, RMA4, SED2D 모형 등으로 구성되어 있다. 각각의 모형은 수리 동역학적 해석, 오염물 이송확산 해석, 유사의 이송 및 퇴적 해석이 가능하며 이 중 RMA2를 이용한 2차원 흐름해석을 통하여 보다 적합한 하천관리에 이용가능하도록 하고자 한다. 연구대상 지역은 제주도 한천 하류부로서 제주도 하천 특성상 평상시 건천의 상태를 이루고 있으나 태풍 및 집중호우시 홍수유출이 발생하여 수위가 급격하게 상승하는 양상을 보인다. 대표적인 예로 태풍 '나리'시 최대 일강우량 420mm로 인한 인근 지역에 0.5 ~ 1.5m의 침수흔적을 보이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 2011년 최고수위를 기록한 태풍 '무이파'를 대상으로 하였으며 대상지역의 Kalesto를 이용한 수위-유속 자료를 이용하여 산출된 유량을 경계조건으로 사용하였고 격자망 형성을 위한 지형 데이터는 지형도 및 측량자료를 이용하여 구축하였다. 사용된 대표적인 매개변수는 하상의 조도계수를 나타내는 Manning의 n값과 유체의 밀도, 속도구배, 구조 등 여러 가지의 유체조건에 따라 변하는 성질인 와점성계수(eddy viscosity)로 요약할 수 있으며 Manning의 n값은 하천설계기준에 따른 하천기본계획의 조도계수를 사용하였고 와점성계수는 적합한 흐름 분포를 결정하기 위해 흐름이 안정될 때까지 변화시켜 해석을 시행하였다. 해석결과 만곡부에서는 급한 흐름을 보이고 있으며 최대하폭 구간에서는 완만한 흐름이 나타나 사행하천의 흐름특성과 횡적인 하천단면에 따른 변화, 하상고 차이로 인한 유속분포를 확인할 수 있으며 이는 보다 유용한 하천관리에 이용가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 기록학연구
• /
• 제10호
• /
• pp.226-273
• /
• 2004

The characteristics of the records management systems of the Japanese colonial government can be summarized as follows. First, the Government General adopted a "decentralized retention" of public records. The Government General did not establish its own archives for central preservation of permanent public records. Colonial agencies established its own records office and the records office managed the records its agency created. Secret records and police records were exception. They were retained by the Secretary Office of the General Affairs Division and Police Division of the Chosun Government General respectively. Second, filing systems and retention periods of the public records followed the hierarchic structure of organization. In the headquarter of the government, records were filed by a "bureau-division-activity-file" classification system and a retention period of a file was given automatically by each unit the file belonged. A closed and cut-off file was retained and arranged according to its creating unit, creating year, and retention period. The filing system was easy to use once the filing system was established well, but to make it work effectively changes in activities and organizations should be on a reflected regular basis. It had an advantageous effect that permanent records could be preserved in a unified way throughout the organization. However, it is very critical to determine the permanent records in a professional way. Selection of the permanent records should be done professionally and in a historical perspective. Otherwise, the records retained as permanent records were not the records having an enduring value. And that was not done by the colonial government. Third, classification and scheduling of records were carried out by a creating division, rather than by the Records Office, mostly from the 1920s. Compilation of the records was also done by the creating agency. It implies that the records management lacked the professionalism. In conclusion, the records management system of the Chosun Government General wes nither modern nor user oriented. It managed the records for solely administrative purpose, i.e. effective colonial rule. The legacy of the colonial records system still exists in the public records system in Korean government. One should criticize the lack of will and efforts to modernize the public records system since the establishment of the Korean government while should reflect the historical origins of the records system in Korea.

• Journal of Platform Technology
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.87-95
• /
• 2018

개인 전장 유전체 분석 가격의 하락으로 많은 국가들이 10만명에서 100만명까지의 대량 전장 유전체 분석과 엑솜 시퀀싱을 진행하고 있다. 하지만 많은 대형 프로젝트에서 대량의 데이터를 처리할 수 있는 프로그램이나 시스템의 부족으로 많은 비용이 클러스터 구축 및 시스템 구매 비용으로 소비되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 자체 서버나 클러스터 환경을 구축하지 않고도 동시에 수백 개 이상의 전장 유전체 및 엑솜에 대한 단일 염기 다형성(Single Nucleotide Polymorphism; SNP) 분석을 수행할 수 있고, 생물학자들도 쉽게 설치하여 운영할 수 있는 클라이언트 프로그램인 NGSOne을 개발하였다. 대표적인 SNP 분석 도구인 DRAGEN, BWA/GATK 및 Isaac/Strelka2를 선택하여 분석할 수 있고, 3개 툴에서 실행 시간 및 에러의 개수 면에서는 DRAGEN이 가장 좋은 성능을 보였다. 또한 NGSOne은 SNP 분석뿐만 아니라 다양한 분석 도구의 자동적인 실행을 위한 확장이 가능하다.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.55-61
• /
• 2018

Objectives : Artemisia capillaris Thunberg (AC) and Artemisia iwayomogi Kitamura (AI) have been used without distinguishment since ancient times due to similar appearance. In this study, we compared the inhibitory effects of AC and AI on the expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in murine macrophages. Methods : AC and AI were extracted by reflux with distilled water (DW) and 70% ethanol (EtOH). We investigated the inhibitory effects of AC and AI on the expression of nitric oxide (NO), inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$($TNF-{\alpha}$) induced by LPS in macrophages. Results : Firstly, yield of the samples was higher in order of Artemisia iwayomogi DW Extract (AID), Artemisia iwayomogi 70% EtOH Extract (AIE), Artemisia capillaris DW Extract (ACD) and Artemisia capillaris 70% EtOH Extract (ACE). All of the samples were not toxic in macrophages. The inhibitory effect of the samples on LPS-induced NO expression was stronger in the order of AIE, ACE, AID and ACD. The inhibitory effect of the samples on LPS-induced inducible iNOS expression was stronger in the order of AIE, ACE and AID. Effect of ACD was same with that of AID. In addition, inhibitory effect of the samples on LPS induced $TNF-{\alpha}$expression wes stronger in the order of AIE, ACE, AID and ACD. Conclusion: These results showed that AI would be more effective than AC and 70% EtOH would be more effective than DW as an extraction solvent in inflammatory diseases.

• 대한예방한의학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.35-48
• /
• 2023

Objective : We studied prognostic biomarkers discovery for lung cancer based on the pattern identification for the personalized Korean medicine. Methods : Using 30 tissue samples, we performed a whole exome sequencing to examine the genetic differences among three groups. Results : The exome sequencing identified among 23,490 SNPs germline variants, 12 variants showed significant frequency differences between Xu and Stasis groups (P<0.0005). As similar, 18 and 10 variants were identified in analysis for Xu vs. Gentleness group and Stasis vs. Gentleness group, respectively (P<0.001). Our exome sequencing also found 8,792 lung cancer specific variants and among the groups identified 6, 34, and 12 variants which showed significant allele frequency differences in the comparison groups; Xu vs. Stasis, Xu vs. Gentleness group, and Stasis vs. Gentleness group. As a result of PCA analysis, in germline data set, Xu group was divided from other groups. Analysis using somatic variants also showed similar result. And in gene ontology analysis using pattern identification variants, we found genes like as FUT3, MYCBPAP, and ST5 were related to tumorigenicity, and tumor metastasis in comparison between Xu and Stasis. Other significant SNPs for two were responsible for eye morphogenesis and olfactory receptor activity. Classification of somatic pattern identification variants showed close relationship in multicellular organism reproduction, anion-anion antiporter activity, and GTPase regulator activity. Conclusions : Taken together, our study identified 40 variants in 29 genes in association with germline difference of pattern identification groups and 52 variants in 47 genes in somatic cancer tissues.