• Title/Summary/Keyword: WCF

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Complete genome sequence of Celluosilyticum lentocellum WCF-2 isolated from cow dung (소 분변에서 분리된 Celluosilyticum lentocellum WCF-2의 유전체 염기서열 분석)

  • Heo, Jun;You, Jaehong;Park, InCheol;Han, Byeong-Hak;Kwon, Soon-Wo;Ahn, Jae-Hyung
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.55 no.3
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    • pp.313-315
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    • 2019
  • An anaerobic bacterial strain WCF-2 was isolated from cow dung in finding cellulose-degrading bacteria for use as silage additives. Strain WCF-2 showed a higher cellulolytic activity than Cellulosilyticum lentocellum DSM $5427^T$, the closest relative of strain WCF-2 (98.2% of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). We sequenced the complete genome of strain WCF-2 and compared it with that of C. lentocellum DSM $5427^T$. The OrthoANI value between the two strains was 97.9% thus strain WCF-2 was identified as C. lentocellum. The genome size of strain WCF-2 was 4,779,774 bp with a G + C content of 34.4%, 4,154 coding genes (CDS), 54 pseudo genes, and 142 RNA genes. Strain WCF-2 harbored seven cellulase genes, five of which showed low similarities with those of C. lentocellum DSM $5427^T$.

Calculation of Equivalent Block Permeabilities using HydroDFN Model Analysis in Jointed Rocks (균열 암반에서의 HydroDFN 모델 해석을 이용한 등가블록투수계수의 계산)

  • Kim, Hyung-Mok;Ryu, Dong-Woo;Shin, Hee-Soon;Tanaka, Tatsuya;Park, Eui-Seop
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
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    • v.17 no.3 s.68
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    • pp.234-243
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    • 2007
  • In this paper, it was aimed to enhance core processes required in establishing hydrogeological models constructed using borehole investigation results. Water Conducting Feature(WCF) information was extracted from borehole investigation, and HydroDFN model was constructed based on the WCF information. The HydroDFN model was sub-divided by cubic blocks, and equivalent permeability of each sub-divided block was calculated and compared with the results of hydraulic test at the borehole. Through these analysis processes, suggestion for identifying and prescribing WCF parameters in the construction of HydroDFN model was made.

One-step microwave synthesis of surface functionalized carbon fiber fabric by ZnO nanostructures

  • Ravi S. Rai;Vivek Bajpai
    • Advances in nano research
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    • v.14 no.6
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    • pp.557-573
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    • 2023
  • The rapid growth of zinc-oxide (ZnO) nanostructures (NSs) on woven carbon fiber (WCF) is reported in this study employing a microwave-aided chemical bath deposition process. The effects of different process parameters such as molar concentration, microwave duration and microwave power on morphologies and growth rate of the ZnO on WCF were studied. Furthermore, an attempt has been taken to study influence of different type of growth solutions on ZnO morphologies and growth rates. The surface functionalization of WCF fabrics is achieved by successful growth of crystalline ZnO on fiber surface in a very short duration through one-step microwave synthesis. The morphological, structural and compositional studies of ZnO-modified WCF are evaluated using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy respectively. Good amount of zinc and oxygen has been seen in the surface of WCF. The presence of the wurtzite phase of ZnO having crystallite size 30-40 nm calculated using the Debye Scherrer method enhances the surface characteristics of WCF fabrics. The UV-VIS spectroscopy is used to investigate optical properties of ZnO-modified WCF samples by absorbance, transmittance and reflectance spectra. The variation of different parameters such as dielectric constants, optical conductivity, refractive index and extinction coefficient are examined that revealed the enhancement of optical characteristics of carbon fiber for wide applications in optoelectronic devices, carbon fiber composites and photonics.

Effect of Whey Calcium on the Quality Characteristics of Kimchi (유청칼슘 첨가가 김치의 품질특성에 미치는 영향)

  • 박우포;박규동
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.34-37
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    • 2004
  • Calcium powder from whey (WCF) was added to enrich the calcium content of kimchi, and the mixing ratios of it to salted Chinese cabbage were 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%. Quality characteristics of kimchi such as pH, titratable acidity, reducing sugar content and microbial loads were measured during fermentation at 10$^{\circ}C$. Kimchi samples with WCF showed a higher level in pH and titratable acidity than that of control during fermentation. Kimchi having higher WCF maintained a higher in pH and titratable acidity, and titratable acidity was above 1.0% about 12 days in kimchi sample with 0.5% WCF. Reducing sugar content was steadily decrease after 5 days, and control maintained a higher than others. Microbial load was similar until 10 days, but control was lower than kimchi samples with WCF. Based on the titratable acidity, kimchi with WCF had a limitation in shelf life.

Implementation and Performance Analysis of SOA Model using Service Platform for .NET Framework (.NET Framework를 서비스 플랫폼으로 사용한 SOA모델 구현 및 성능분석)

  • Lee, Seong-Kyu;Jin, Chan-Uk;Kim, Tai-Suk
    • Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.33-41
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    • 2007
  • Service-Oriented Architecture(SOA) define the interaction method between two computing entities that one entity performs a unit task instead of another entity. This, unit task, is called "Service" and interaction of these services should have independency and loosely coupled task. The effect of SOA's main functions such as loosely coupled task and independent interoperability with influence the possibility of flexible message communication between different way and different users. In this article, we analyzed the performance about system stabilization between general web service and SOA based application that implemented through WCF based messaging framework using .NET Framework and integrated data presentation method. As the result of test, we confirmed that SOA environment using WCF have more advantages.

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Effect on the Emulsification Stability and Quality of Emulsified Sausages Added with Wanggasi-Chunnyuncho (Opuntia humifusa f. jeollaensis) Fruit Powders

  • Jeong, Yiji;Han, Youngsil
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.39 no.6
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    • pp.953-965
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    • 2019
  • In this study, the Opuntia humifusa f. jeollaensis (Wanggasi-Chunnyuncho) fruit (WCF) was used as a source of viscous dietary fiber and color pigmentation in sausage production to improve quality characteristics, including cooking loss and emulsion stability. Control and treatment sausages were formulated with 0%, 1%, 5%, and 10% WCF powder, respectively, and the following quality measures were investigated: general composition, fiber content, cooking loss, emulsion stability, chromaticity, pH, texture, and sensory properties. The moisture, dietary fiber, and ash contents showed increasing trends (all p<0.05) with increasing concentrations of fruit powder. Conversely, crude protein and crude fat contents exhibited decreasing trends with increasing fruit powder concentrations (p<0.05). Moreover, both the moisture and dietary fiber contents affected cooking loss, water retention capacity, and the sausage texture, causing the cooking loss to decrease, while the water and oil retention capacity increased (p<0.05) with increasing concentrations of WCF powder. Furthermore, hardness exhibited a significant decreasing trend as the concentration of WCF powder increased (p<0.05). This finding suggested that both dietary fiber and viscous materials, along with the protein and moisture content, affected the product hardness. In addition, sensory evaluation of the WCF powder groups showed better results than did the control group, and the strongest results obtained for the group containing 5% fruit powder (p<0.05). Therefore, this study suggests that WCF powder improves the quality of emulsified sausages and can potentially be applied as a naturally-derived additive.

Single Intramuscular-dose Toxicity of Water soluble Carthmi-Flos herbal acupuncture (WCF) in Sprague-Dawley Rats

  • Lee, Hyung-Geol;Kim, Sungchul;Jung, Da-Jung;Choi, Yoo-Min;Sin, Min-Seop;Choi, Seok-Woo;Song, Beom-Yong;Kim, Jong-Uk;Hong, Seung-Won;Yook, Tae-Han
    • Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.27-34
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: This experiment was conducted to examine the toxicity of Water soluble Carthmi-Flos herbal acupuncture (WCF) by administering a single intramuscular dose of WCF in 6-week-old, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats and to find the lethality dose for WCF. Methods: The experiment was conducted at Biotoxtech according to Good Laboratory Practices under a request by the Korean Pharmacopuncture Institute. This experiment was performed based on the testing standards of "Toxicity Test Standards for Drugs" by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Subjects were divided into 4 groups: 1 control group in which normal saline was administered and 3 test groups in which 0.1, 0.5 or 1.0 mL of WCF was administered; a single intramuscular dose was injected into 5 males and 5 females in each group. General symptoms and body weights were observed/measured for 14 days after injection. At the end of the observation period, hematological and clinical chemistry tests were performed, followed by necropsy and histopathological examinations of the injected sections. Results: No mortalities were observed in any group. Also, symptoms, body weight, hematology, clinical chemistry and necropsy were not affected. However, histopathological examination of the injected part in one female in the 1.0-mL group showed infiltration of mononuclear cells and a multi-nucleated giant cell around eosinophilic material. Conclusion: Administration of single intramuscular doses of WCF in 3 groups of rats showed that the approximate lethal dose of WCF for all rats was in excess of 1.0 mL, as no mortalities were observed for injections up to and including 1.0 mL.

Delelopment of Cloud-Based ERP (Cloud 기반의 ERP 개발)

  • Jang, Dai-Hyun;Shin, Seong-Yoon;Lee, Hyun-Chang
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2019.05a
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    • pp.147-148
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    • 2019
  • In this paper, we propose cloud-based site-oriented ERP development for a construction company. The ERP development was aimed at the development of web-based user service portal and management portal, middleware development based on WCF (Windows Communication Foundation), and client SW development based on WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation). Major developments of ERP are the process refinement of the use process of the small and medium construction, user-oriented UI design, process slimming and automation.

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Single Intravenous-dose Toxicity of Water-soluble Carthami-flos Pharmacopuncture (WCF) in Rats

  • Jung, Da-Jung;Choi, Yoo-Min;Kim, Seok-Hee;Kim, Jong-Uk;Yook, Tae-Han
    • Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.31-39
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: This study was performed to analyze the toxicity and to find the lethal dose of the test substance Water-soluble Carthami-flos pharmacopuncture (WCF) when used as a single intravenous-dose in 6-week-old, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: The experiment was conducted at Biotoxtech according to Good Laboratory Practices. 20 female and 20 male Spague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups of 5 female and 5 male animals per group. The rats in the three experimental groups received single intravenous injections with 0.125-mL, 0.25-mL and 0.5-mL/animal doses of WCF, Groups 2, 3, and 4, respectively, and the control group, Group 1, received a single intravenous injection with a 0.5-mL dose of normal saline. Clinical signs were observed and body weight measurements were carried out for 14 days following the injections. At the end of the observation period, hematology, clinical chemistry, histopathological tests and necropsy were performed on the injected parts. Results: No deaths occurred in any of the groups. Also, no significant changes in body weight, hematological parameters or clinical chemistry test results between the control group and the experimental groups were observed. Visual inspection after necropsy showed no abnormalities. Histopathological tests on the injected parts showed no significant differences, except for Group 1 females; however, the result was spontaneous generation and had no toxicological meaning because it was not dose-dependent. Therefore, this study showed that WCF had no effect on the injected parts in terms of clinical signs, body weight, hematology, clinical chemistry, and necropsy. Conclusion: As a result of single intravenous-dose tests of the test substance WCF in 4 groups of rats, the lethal dose for both males and females exceeded 0.5 mL/animal. Therefore, WCF is a relatively safe pharmacopuncture that can be used for treatment, but further studies should be performed.

Repeated Intramuscular-dose Toxicity Test of Water-soluble Carthami Flos (WCF) Pharmacopuncture in Sprague-Dawley Rats

  • Choi, Yoo-Min;Jung, Da-Jung;Kim, Seok-Hee;Kim, Jong-Uk;Yook, Tae-Han
    • Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.36-43
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    • 2015
  • Objectives: Water-soluble carthami flos (WCF) is a new mixture of Carthami flos (CF) pharmacopuncture. We conducted a 4-week toxicity test of repeated intramuscular injections of WCF in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: Forty male and 40 female rats were divided into 4 groups of 10 male and 10 female SD rats: The control group received 0.5 mL/animal/day of normal saline whereas the three experimental groups received WCF at doses of 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 mL/animal/day, respectively. For 4 weeks, the solutions were injected into the femoral muscle of the rats alternating from side to side. Clinical signs, body weights, and food consumption were observed; opthalmological examinations and urinalyses were performed. On day 29, blood samples were taken for hematological and clinical chemistry analyses. Then, necropsy was conducted in all animals to observe weights and external and histopathological changes in the bodily organs. All data were tested using a statistical analysis system (SAS). Results: No deaths were observed. Temporary irregular respiration was observed in male rats of the experimental group for the first 10 days. Body weights, food consumptions, opthalmological examinations, urinalyses, clinical chemistry analyses, organ weights and necropsy produced no findings with toxicological meaning. In the hematological analysis, delay of prothrombin time (PT) was observed in male rats of the 0.25- and the 0.5-mL/animal/day groups. In the histopathological test, a dose-dependent inflammatory cell infiltration into the fascia and panniculitis in perimuscular tissues was observed in all animals of the experimental groups. However, those symptoms were limited to local injection points. No toxicological meanings, except localized changes, were noted. Conclusion: WCF solution has no significant toxicological meaning, but does produce localized symptoms. No observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of WCF in male and female rats is expected for doses over 0.5 mL/animal/day.