• Korean Journal of Geomatics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.25-29
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• 2002

The calculation of earthwork plays a major role in plan or design of many civil engineering projects, and thus it has become very important to improve the accuracy of earthwork calculation. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for finding a cubic spline surface with the free boundary conditions, which interpolates the given three dimensional data, by using B-spline and an accurate method to estimate pit-excavation volume. The proposed method should be of interest to surveyors especially concerned with accuracy of volume computations. We present some computational results showing that our proposed method provides good accuracy.

• 한국산학경영학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.12a
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• pp.107-120
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• 2006

This thesis examines the relationship between the trading volume and price return in the korean stock Index Futures until June 2005. First, the volume of KOSPI200 futures doesn't play a primary role with the clear explanation of return model. Second, an unexpected volume shocks are negatively associated with the return in case of the KOSPI200 futures, but it is a meaningless relation in the KOSDAQ50 futures. In the case of open interest, it's difficult to find any mean in a both futures. Third, The changes in the trading volumes by foreign investors are positively associated with the return and the volatility, but individuals and domestic commercial investors are negatively associated with the return. This empirical result seems that foreign investors are initiatively trading the korean stock index futures, individuals and domestic commercial investors follow the lead made by foreign investors.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

This study investigated the quality characteristics of muffins by the amount of addition of suchero (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) as there is increasingly higher interest in functional alternative sweetener. The effects of suchero were evaluated in terms of height, volume, weight, specific volume, baking loss rate, colorimeter, and sensory evaluation. Texture and moisture contents of muffins during storage (1, 2, 3 days) were measured. As the ratio of suchero increased, the volume, specific volume, and weight increased, whereas the volume and specific volume was not significant. During storage, moisture content of muffins decreased significantly. The moisture content of the sample containing suchero was higher than S0(control group). The addition of suchero increased L value of crust and crumb decreased, whereas a value and b value increased. The muffin with 100% of suchero (S100) in test group showed the lowest hardness. According to the sensory evaluation, the muffin with 50% of suchero (S50) showed the highest score in terms of appearance, color, flavor, taste, and overall acceptance, S50 showed the best result and the optimum addition of suchero.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.91-99
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• 2023

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to investigate the correlation between chronological age and dental pulp volume in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: The literature was searched in 4 databases(PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar). Within each study, the outcome of interest was the correlation (r) between chronological age and pulp volume. A random-effect meta-analysis was conducted. Subgroup analysis was carried out according to sex and tooth type. Results: Of 5,693 identified studies, 27 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were selected for meta-analysis. These articles focused on single-rooted teeth (n=21), multi-rooted teeth (n=6), maxillary teeth (n=14), mandibular teeth (n=6), and maxillary and mandibular teeth (n=12). The relationship between chronological age and dental pulp volume was examined in the entire population (r= -0.67), men (r= -0.75), and women (r= -0.77) in single- and multi-rooted teeth. The results of the total population analysis showed a relatively strong negative relationship between age and pulp volume. Conclusion: This study suggested that CBCT is a reliable and repeatable tool for dental age estimation. A strong inverse relationship was observed between pulp chamber volume and age. Further studies on the correlation between chronological age and pulp volume of multi-rooted teeth may be beneficial.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.155-160
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• 2018

The article studies the effect of US real effective exchange rate and short-term interest rate on Chnise exports and imports using the EGARCH-GED model. This article analyze the effect of US major economic variables on China's exports and imports as the US pushes for interest rate hikes and worsens trade wars with China. The main results are as follows. The US short-term interest rate has a significant positive effect on China's trade volume. Even in the case of China's exports, US short-term interest rate has a significant positive effect. However, in the case of China's imports, in contrast to exports, US short-term interest rate do not have a significant effects and US real effective exchange rate has a significant positive effect. On the other hand, China's policy interest rate has a negative impact on China's imports and not statistically significant, but it has a significant positive effect on China's exports.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.209-213
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• 2014

Due to the increasing of interest about the eco-friendly concrete, it is increased to use concretes containing by-products of industry such as fly ash(FA), ground granulated blast furnace slag(GGBFS), silica fume(SF), and etc. Especially, these are well known for improving the resistances to reinforcement corrosion in concrete and decreasing chloride ion penetration. The purpose of this experimental research is to evaluate the resistance against corrosion of reinforcement of high volume fly ash(HVFA) concrete which is replaced with high volume fly ash for cement volume. For this purpose, the concrete test specimens were made for various strength level and replacement ratio of FA, and then the compressive strength and diffusion coefficient for chloride ion of them were measured for 28, 91, and 182 days, respectively. Also, corrosion monitoring by half cell potential method was carried out for the made lollypop concrete test specimens to detect the time of corrosion initiation for reinforcement in concrete. As a result, it was observed from the test results that the compressive strength of HVFA concrete was decreased with increasing replacement ratio of FA but long-term resistances against reinforcement corrosion and chloride ion penetration of that were increased.

• Journal of International Society for Simulation Surgery
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.27-31
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• 2014

In this paper, an overview of segmentation and 3D visualization methods are presented. Commonly, the two kinds of methods are used to visualize organs and vessels into 3D from medical images such as CT(A) and MRI - Direct Volume Rendering (DVR) and Iso-surface Rendering (IR). DVR can be applied directly to a volume. It directly penetrates through the volume while it determines which voxels are visualizedbased on a transfer function. On the other hand, IR requires a series of processes such as segmentation, polygonization and visualization. To extract a region of interest (ROI) from the medical volume image via the segmentation, some regions of an object and a background are required, which are typically obtained from the user. To visualize the extracted regions, the boundary points of the regions should be polygonized. In other words, the boundary surface composed of polygons such as a triangle and a rectangle should be required to visualize the regions into 3D because illumination effects, which makes the object shaded and seen in 3D, cannot be applied directly to the points.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.868-889
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• 2022

Fashion companies are using a big data approach as a key strategic analysis to predict and forecast sales. This study investigated the effectiveness of the past sales, web search volume, information amount, brand promotion, and the advertising endorser on the sales forecasting model. The study conducted the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) time series model using the internal and external social big data of a national fashion brand. Results indicated that the brand's past sales, search volume, promotion, and amount of advertising endorser information amount significantly affected the sales forecast, whereas the brand's advertising endorser search volume and information amount did not significantly influence the sales forecast. Moreover, the brand's promotion had the highest correlation with sales forecasting. This study adds to information-searching behavior theory by measuring consumers' brand involvement. Last, this study provides digital marketers with implications for developing profitable marketing strategies on the basis of consumers' interest in the brand and advertising endorser.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.594-608
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• 2010

This research attempts to extract the factors that generate scientific interest, and verify the effect of extracted factors on the generation of scientific interest in middle school students' observation activity on life phenomenon. In order to analyze interest-generating factors, observation programs were applied four times in the science class of 3rd grade middle school students. And an interview was conducted towards students who had strong scientific interest among students who participated in the observation activity. After classifying the interview results according to the types, and 21 interest-generating factors were extracted. Interest-generating factors were classified into 5 categories; the characteristics of the observation object, the characteristics of the observation activity, the characteristics of the observation result, the characteristics of the observer, and the characteristics of the extrinsic factor. It was verified that interest-generating factors have an effect on the generation of scientific interest in the observation activity. First of all, in order to confirm whether the extracted generation factors would have an effect on the generation of interest in observation activity, as survey of interest-generating factors was drawn up. The observation activity program of 4 times' volume was applied towards third grade middle school students, and survey paper on interest-generating factor was input. Analysis result showed that factors have effect on the generation of interest. That is, it was confirmed that extracted interest-generating factor has a significant effect on the generation of scientific interest. The cause analysis on the uninteresting observation activity was possible, and it would play an essential role in developing an interesting observation activity.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.3 no.6
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• pp.112-122
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• 1995

As an alternative fuel producing less exhaust emissions, natural gas is of interest for use both in SI and CI engines. The potential of natural gas fuelled dual-fuel engine is considered high enough. However, much effort has to be made so that gaseous fuel is used efficiently with simultaneous minimum use of pilot oil. Hence, a simplified three-dimensional model, using a finite volume method in cylindrical coordinates, has been developed to facilitate an understanding of the dual-fuel combustion phenomena and to predict the complex interactions between the pilot distillate and natural gas. The computer model was calibrated by comparing it with the experimental results obtained from diesel engine like combustion bomb tests. In the pre-mixed natural gas combustion, the fuel burning was highly reliant on the injection condition and subsequent burning nature of the pilot distillate.