• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.305-311
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• 1999

The volatile compounds of soybean pastes(home made soondoenjang, commercial doenjang) were classified into basic, acidic and neutral fractions by dynamic headspace method. The fractionated flavor isolates were analyzed and identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Each peak area of the flavor components was quantified at its ratio to the peak area of internal standard. Sixty one compounds from home made soondoenjang, and forty three compounds from commercial doenjang were identified. The different distribution of volatile compounds between the two soybean paste samples was observed. Ten pyrazines and benzothiazole were identified in the basic fraction of home made soondoenjang. On the other hand, trimethylpyrazine was the only one of nitrogen containing compounds in the commercial doenjang, which was made from soybean(28.3%), wheat(22.2%) and alcohols. The factors which influenced the levels of these identified compounds were considered to be the starting materials of soybean paste. Alcohols, esters and aldehydes in the neutral fraction of both samples were seemed to be characterisitic soybean paste flavor and showed much higher quantities than those of the basic or acidic fractions. Furfural in the commercial doenjang was the highest content (45.28ppm) among all of the compounds identified in the samples.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.441-446
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• 2006

Volatile flavor compounds in meat of the blue crab Portunus trituberculatus were compared using vacuum simultaneous steam distillation-solvent extraction (V-SDE) and solid phase microextraction (SPME)/ gas chromatography (GC)/ mass selective detection (MSD) methods. A total of 100 volatile flavor compounds were identified by both methods: 77 by V-SDE and 59 by SPME. These compounds were composed of 17 aldehydes, 12 ketones, 19 alcohols, 5 esters, 4 sulfur-containing compounds, 6 nitrogen-containing compounds, 23 aromatic compounds, 6 hydrocarbons, 2 terpenes, and 6 miscellaneous compounds. Although more compounds were detected using V-SDE than using SPME, the levels of all groups detected, except esters, were higher using SPME than using V-SDE. In addition to trimethylamine, aldehydes, and aromatic compounds, the S- and N-containing compounds with low thresholds are thought to have positive roles for flavors in the meat of the blue crab.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2019

비가열 방식의 역삼투압법으로 제조한 양파농축액의 휘발성 성분 변화를 알아보기 위하여 양파착즙액과 역삼투압 양파농축액을 SAFE로 휘발성 성분을 추출하였고, 이를 GC-MS로 분석하였다. 양파착즙액과 양파농축액에서 각각 48종과 62종의 휘발성성분을 동정하였다, 휘발성 성분 중 sulfur-containing compounds를 19종 검출하였고. 양파의 특징적인 향기성분으로 알려진 11종은 약 1.7-1,664배로 증가하였으며, 또한 양파착즙액에서 검출되지 않았던 휘발성 성분이 양파농축액에서 14종이 검출되었다. 이는 역삼투압법을 이용한 양파 농축액이 향미성분의 변성이 적어, 양파 고유의 향미를 갖는 농축액 제조에 응용할 수 있으며, 미량의 휘발성 성분을 분석하는 전처리 방법으로 바람직한 영향을 줄 것으로 생각한다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.320-325
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• 2014

Volatile flavor compounds from milk were analyzed and identified by using the analysis methods of headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HSPME-GC/MS) and electronic nose (E-Nose) system. About 30 volatile compounds were identified by HSPME-GC/MS for the fresh and off-flavor milk samples. Also, the correlation between rancidity and ageing days of milk was obtained by the aid of principal component analysis algorithm. It shows that the E-Nose system can identify the various types of milk flavor. These results imply that the analysis method based on the E-nose system can apply to the quality control of milk flavor and the rancidity.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2007

The changes of the color, texture and volatile flavor compounds of Yu-gwa were investigated that affected by the oxidation during storage to characteristic Yu-gwa quality. Among the proximate compositions, carbohydrate was the most abundant component, and followed by lipid and moisture. Although the change of the color showed different pattern by the packaging materials during the storage period, the value of yellowness(b) increased but that of lightness(L) decreased dramatically after 3 month storage. In the textural properties reported closely related with the moisture content, hardness was fairly affected on the period of the storage rather than the type of packaging materials. The flavor compounds of Yu-gwa were analyzed to evaluate the change of distinct volatile compounds during storage. Of the twenty one separated volatile compounds, major volatiles were aldehydes, alcohols and alkenes. The results also showed that polyethylene(PE) contained less volatiles than polypropylene(PP) by the oxidation process during storage.2,4-Decadienal was gradually increased with the period of the storage, whereas octane and furan were decreased. The results provided that the change of the flavor distribution during the storage, and also the possibility of the volatiles such as hexanal, nonanal and 2,4-decadienal as the indicator for the oxidation process.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.474-493
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• 2019

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of an early post-mortem low voltage electrical stimulation (ES) to localized part of carcasses [m. longissimus lumborum (LL) and m. biceps femoris (BF)] and determined the tenderness and flavor compounds of Hanwoo steers (n=16). Carcasses were stimulated within 30 min post-mortem for 60s using 60 volts and muscles aged 2 and 14 d. Degradation of Troponin-T were accelerated by ES and degraded little faster in BF muscle than LL. Level of free amino acid content of stimulated and aged muscles was significantly (p<0.05) greater than control for both muscles. Totally 63 volatile compounds were identified by using SPME-GC. The ES treatment significantly (p<0.05) affected the level of 20 volatile compounds of LL as well 15 volatiles in BF muscle along with total amounts of ketones, sulfur containing, pyrazines and furans. Low voltage ES could be applied to reduce the aging time and improve volatile flavor development by increasing important desirable volatile compounds such as 2-methylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazines and 2-acetylthiazole etc. due to released free amino acids from protein degradation.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.437-440
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• 2006

To develop natural crab-like flavorants from red snow crab Chionoecetes japonicus cooker effluent (RSCCE), the flavor was analyzed during the concentration of RSCCE up to $40^{\circ}Brix$. Using solid phase microextraction (SPME)/gas chromatography (GC)/mass selective detection (MSD), 30 volatile flavor compounds were detected in four RSCCE samples (10, 20, 30, and $40^{\circ}Brix$). These comprised 12 aromatic compounds, 5 N-containing compounds, 2 5-containing compounds, 2 alcohols, 2 aldehydes, and 7 miscellaneous compounds. The amounts of all volatiles except alcohols and aldehydes increased significantly with the concentration (p<0.05). Of the volatiles detected, the most abundant was a dimethyl trisulfide with an odor like onion/cooked cabbage. Of the N-containing compounds (nutty, roasted peanut-like odor), 2-ethyl-5-methylpyrazine was the most abundant, followed by 2,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2-methyl-5-isopropylpyrazine in that order (p<0.05). The N- and S-containing compounds with characteristic odors detected in this experiment are thought to play a positive role in RSCCE during concentration.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.189-195
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• 2014

Headspace volatile compounds of cold-stored and freeze-dried Krill Eupausia superba were analyzed to investigate their flavor qualities using a system combining a dynamic headspace isolator, an automatic thermal desorber, and a gas chromatograph-mass-selective detector. Levels of oxidation products of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones, which are known to give seafood a nasty smell because of their low flavor threshold values, increased during cold storage of krill. Notably, levels of 2-methylpropanal, 3-methylbutanal, 2-methylbutanal and 2-butanone increased during its storage. They can be considered index compounds of off-odor according to freshness degradation during storage. By contrast, in freeze-dried krill powder, levels of aldehydes, ketones, and aromatic compounds decreased rapidly. Only alcohols, which did not greatly affect the food flavor, were isolated in large amounts. It was confirmed that levels of oxidized compounds of krill increased during cold storage, but decreased in freeze-dried krill.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.430-439
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• 2016

한약재 찌꺼기로 제조한 한방보드로부터 방출되는 향기성분을 Tenax 튜브에 흡착시킨 후 TD GC/MS에 의해 동정하고, 온도에 따른 방출특성을 검토하였다. 한방보드로부터 방출되는 휘발성 물질로는 88종이 동정되었다. 온도별로는 $25^{\circ}C$에서 44종, $35^{\circ}C$에서는 55종, $45^{\circ}C$에서는 65종이 검출되었으며, 온도가 상승함에 따라 화합물의 수와 전체피크 면적 모두 증가하였으며, 측정한 모든 온도조건에서 검출된 향기성분은 34종이었다. $25^{\circ}C$에서 검출된 향기성분의 93%, $35^{\circ}C$에서는 92%, $45^{\circ}C$에서는 90%가 Hydrocarbon류의 화합물이었으며, 그 외 Ether류가 약 4%, Ketone, Aldehyde, Acid류의 물질이 소량 검출되었다. Hydrocarbons에는 17종, 11%가 monoterpenes이며, 80%, 39종이 sesquiterpenes이었다. monoterpenes에는 limonene이 가장 많이 검출되었으며, sesquiterpene류의 주요 향기 물질로는 ${\alpha}-curcumene$, zingiberene, ${\beta}-elemene$, ${\beta}-selinene$, ${\alpha}-amorphene$, ${\alpha}-copaene$이었다. 특히 ether화합물인 anethole (3.26%)이 모든 온도에서 비교적 많이 검출되었다. 이상의 결과에서 한약재 찌꺼기로 제조한 한방보드에는 다양한 종류의 향기성분이 다량 포함되어 있으며, 향기성분을 활용한 다양한 제품의 제조에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.176-183
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• 2015

고온반응기로 제조한 구운 불고기 반응향의 향미특성을 확인하기 위하여 휘발성 성분 및 향 활성 화합물을 동정하고 반응온도에 따른 향 활성 화합물의 변화를 확인하기 위하여 수증기증류 및 용매 동시추출법(SDE)을 이용하여 휘발성 향기성분을 추출하고, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (GC-MS-O)를 통하여 비교 분석하였다. 고온반응기로 제조한 구운 불고기 반응향에서는 105종의 휘발성 성분이 동정되었으며, 이 중 furfural이 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, 5-methyl furfural, phenylacetaldehyde 및 nonanal 등이 구운 불고기 반응향에 중요한 휘발성 성분으로 확인되었다. 또한 GC-MS-O를 통해 향 활성 성분을 분석한 결과 33종이 동정되었으며, 2,3-butanedione과 furfural 이 중요한 향 활성 화합물로 밝혀졌다. Hexanal, octanal, nonanal, undecanal, phenylacetaldehyde, 5-methyl furfural, 2,6-dimethyl pyrazine 및 dimethyl trisulfide도 구운 불고기 반응향의 향미특성에 중요한 역할을 하는 향 활성 성분으로 확인되었다. 반응온도에 따른 향 활성성분을 비교분석한 결과, 반응온도가 증가할수록 향 활성 성분도 증가하였으나, sulfide 화합물은 반응온도가 증가함에 따라 감소하였다.