• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2004

The aim of the work described in this paper was to confirm the application of the equation of the soil-water characteristic curves on an unsaturated soil. A series of suction test for unsaturated soils was conducted on the selected 4 kinds of soil using modified pressure extractor apparatus. And it was carried out to analyse The experimental parameters which can be describe the soil-water characteristics, were determined by using the data obtained from the experiment. From the results, it was found that The matric suction varied according to the grain size distribution, amount of fine grain particles and void ratio. Also it was found that the residual degree of saturation was decreased with in crease of the void ratio, but the pore size distribution index and air entry value were increased with in crease of the void ratio. And The application of the soil-water characteristic curve equation was confirmed for the various conditions and the various state by the comparison between the measured degree of saturation and the predicted degree of saturation.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.277-283
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• 2010

Research on permeable pavement like asphalt and concrete pavement with porous structure has been increasing due to environmental and functional need such as reduction of run off and flood. This study was performed to evaluate void ratio, permeability coefficient, and compressive strength of permeable polymer concrete (PPC) using crushed and recycled coarse aggregate that is obtained from waste concrete. Also, 6 mm length of polypropylene fiber was used to increase toughness and interlocking between aggregate and aggregate surrounded by binder. Binder and filler used were unsaturated polyester resin and CaCO3, respectively. The mix proportions were determined to satisfy the requirement for the workability and slump according to aggregate sizes 5~10 mm. In the test results, regardless of kinds of aggregates and fiber contents, the void ratio, permeability coefficient and compressive strength of all types of PPC showed the higher than the criterion of porous concrete that is used in permeable pavement in Korea. Also, strengths of PPC with increase polypropylene fiber volume fraction showed slightly increased tendency due to increase binder with increase of fiber volume fraction. Accordingly, polypropylene fiber and recycled coarse aggregate can be used for permeable pavement.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.775-780
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• 2002

Sandwich panel made by foamed styrene and ployuretane has been used generally in the construction area because of the high thermal conductivity and light weight but they occur harmful gases to both bodies and environments in the high temperature over $50^{\circ}C$. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate the physical properties of light-weight panel using the non-structural lightweight aggregate as a part of the substitution of foamed styrene and ployuretane. This paper dealt with the effect of the addition of polymer dispersion such as SBR, St/BA-1 and St/BA-2 having polymer-cement ratio as 5, 10, 15% and the filling ratio of continuous void as 50, 60% on the strength of polymer-modified sandwich panel core. From the results, we could know that the compressive and flexural strength of the sandwich panel core using non-structural lightweight aggregate and polymer dispersion such as SBR, St/BA-1 and St/BA-2 tended to be increased with an increase in the polymer-cement ratio and the filling ratio of continuous void.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.705-710
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• 2002

Recently, there has been for a number of reasons growing interest in the use of porous concrete, and it is used as an ecological material. But, because the valuation methods of the quality on the fresh porous concrete aren't established up till now, it is difficult that the harden porous concrete is made sure of its required quality. This study is to present the measurement method of the void ratio on the fresh porous concrete and to analyze the influence of water-cement ratio and vibrating time on the binder content covered a coarse aggregate. Results of this study were shown as follows; The measurement methods of the void ratio and aggregate-binder weight ratio on the fresh porous concrete can be useful as data for the quality control of fresh porous concrete.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.543-551
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• 2015

급속경화궤도는 자갈궤도를 콘크리트궤도로 개량하는 공법으로서 야간 차단시간에 공사가 이루어지기 때문에 시공속도를 충분히 확보하는 것이 중요하다. 시공시간의 대부분은 자갈을 철거하고 재포설하는 과정에 소요되는데 도상자갈을 교체하지 않는 무교환방식이 적용 가능하다면, 시공시간 및 공사비를 대폭적으로 절감할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 도상자갈 무교환방식의 급속경화궤도공법을 개발하기 위하여 침투성이 매우 높은 대체 충전재를 제시하고 재료의 공극조건을 고려하여 층별로 분리주입하는 시공방식을 도입하였다. 분리주입은 공극률이 높은 상부도상층과 공극률이 낮은 하부 혼입층에 최적화된 재료를 분리 주입하여 필요한 소요강도를 확보할 수 있다. 이를 달성하기 위하여 우선적으로 도상자갈의 크기, 분포도, 형상에 따른 공극률, 공극의 크기, 유효길이, 비틀림도, 침투성에 따른 충전재의 유동학적 해석을 통하여 최적의 충전재를 설계하고자 하였다. 하부 혼입층에 충전되는 1차 충전재료는 세립화 도상의 충전성과 부착력을 확보할 수 있는 폴리머계 재료를 도입하였으며, 상부 도상층에 충전되는 2차 충전재는 상온 반응성 마그네시아-포스페이트(MPC, Magnesium-Phosphate Ceramic)를 도입하였다. 선정재료 및 구조에 대한 역학시험 결과, 기존 급속경화궤도에 준하는 성능을 확인하였다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2003

This study consolidation undrain Triaxial Compression Tests using constant confining pressure in clay that receive preconsolidation stress that is different and, void ratio, pore water pressure coefficient, shear strength compare with another thing theory and studied analyzing change relation of elastic modules. The summary of analysis is follows: If preconsolidation stress increases in same confining stress in relation of preconsolidation stress and deviator stress, deviator stress is proportional and increased. Can know that excess void pressure is proportional and decreases in size of preconsolidation stress in same confining stress state if preconsolidation stress increases preconsolidation stress and relation of excess void pressure. Also, over consolidated state can assume that this is thing by Dilatancy's effect though excess void pressure decreased remarkably. Preconsolidation stress and relation of stress path can know that shear strength degree increases preconsolidation stress increases, and specially, preconsolidation stress was appear in stress path form of overconsolidated state case of clay that receive at 300, 400, 500kPa in 100, 150kPa's deviator stress.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.433-435
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• 2007

Geographic wireless sensor networks use position information for Greedy routing. Greedy routing works well in dense network where as in sparse network it may fail and require the use of recovery algorithms. Recovery algorithms help the packet to get out of the communication void. However, these algorithms are generally costlier for resource constrained position based wireless sensor type networks. In the present work, we propose a Void Avoidance Algorithm (VAA); a novel idea based on virtual distance upgrading that allows wireless sensor nodes to remove all stuck nodes by transforming the routing graph and forward packet using greedy routing only without recovery algorithm. In VAA, the stuck node upgrades distance unless it finds next hop node which is closer to the destination than itself. VAA guarantees the packet delivery if there is a topologically valid path exists. NS-2 is used to evaluate the performance and correctness of VAA and compared the performance with GPSR. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm achieves higher delivery ratio, lower energy consumption and efficient path.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 추계 학술발표회 제16권2호
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• pp.679-682
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• 2004

Air void systems in hardened concrete has an important influence on concrete durability such as freeze-thaw resistance, water permeability, surface scaling resistance. Linear traverse method and point count method described at ASTM is the routine analysis of the air void system that have been widely used to estimate the spacing factor in hardened concrete. Recently, many concretes often have a spacing factor higher than the generally accepted $200-250{\mu}m$ limit for the usual range of air contents. This study is proposed to estimate the matrix spacing factor by calculation of simplicity. The matrix spacing factor needs two parameters that are air content and numbers of air voids in the hardened concrete. Those are obtained from the standard air-void system analysis of the ASTM C 457. The equation is valid for all values of paste-to-air ratio because the estimation of paste content is unnecessary at the using ASTM C 457. The matrix spacing factor yields a similar estimate of the standard spacing factor.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.297-316
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• 2014

This paper presents a detailed study focused on investigating the effects of silt content on the static and dynamic properties of sand-silt mixtures. Specimens with a low-plastic silt content of 0, 15, 30 and 50% by weight were tested in static triaxial, cyclic triaxial, and resonant columns in addition to consolidation tests to determine such parameters as compression index, internal friction angle, cohesion, cyclic stress ratio, maximum shear modulus, normalized shear modulus and damping ratio. The test procedures were performed on specimens of three cases: constant void ratio index, e = 0.582; same peak deviator stress of 290 kPa; and constant relative density, $D_r$ = 30%. The test results obtained for both the constant-void-ratio-index and constant-relative-density specimens showed that as silt content increased, the internal friction angle, cyclic stress ratio and maximum shear modulus decreased, but cohesion increased. In testing of the same deviator stress specimens, both cohesion and internal friction angle were insignificantly altered with the increase in silt content. In addition, as silt content increased, the maximum shear modulus increased. The cyclic stress ratio first decreased as silt content increased to reach the threshold silt content and increased thereafter with further increases in silt content. Furthermore, the damping ratio was investigated based on different silt contents in three types of specimens.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 모래에서 점토에 이르는 넓은 범위의 혼합시료를 재성형하기 위하여 세립분으로 활성을 가지고 있는 자연점토와 조립분으로 규사를 혼합하여 실험에 이용하였다. 공시체는 세립분함유율이 낮은 범위 즉, 모래입자가 골격구조를 형성하고 있는 범위에 대해서는 다양한 간극비를 조성하기 위해 습윤 다짐방법을 이용하였으며, 활성을 나타내는 범위에 대해서는 정규압밀점토의 일정한 간극비를 조성하기 위해 예압밀방법을 이용하여 다양한 세립분함유율을 갖는 공시체를 제작하여 비배수 반복 전단실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과, 세립분함유율 20%미만의 시료에서 동일한 세립분함유율의 공시체에 대해 모래 골격간극비가 증가함에 따라 반복 전단강도는 감소하였으며 더욱이, 실험시료의 골격간극비가 규사의 최대간극비 이상의 범위에서는 흙의 구조가 다짐에너지의 영향을 거의 받지 않고 강도발현의 주체가 점토 매트릭스에 지배되는것을 알 수 있다. 모래점토 혼합토를 대상으로한 비배수 반복 전단실험에서 세립분 함유율이 20%미만의 낮은 영역에서 조립자의 구조는 반복 전단강도 특성에 큰 영향을 미치며 더욱이, 세립분함유율보다 모래구조의 밀도에 유의하는것이 더욱 적합한 것을 알 수 있다.