• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2004

Tracheostomy and endotracheal intubation are often performed in patients with acute and chronic respiratory failure. Recently, the incidence of iatrogenic tracheal stenosis has increased. Tracheal resection and end-to-end anastomosis would be one of the most physiologic treatment options for severe tracheal stenosis. Also, this treatment can be applied to the management of trachea invaded by thyroid cancer and tracheal neoplasm. The authors aimed to analyze the outcomes of end-to-end anastomosis of trachea following segmental resection in tracheal stenosis and tracheal invasion of cancer that we have recently experienced. Materials and methods Authors retrospectively studied 19 cases treated by tracheal resection with end-to-end anastomosis between Feburuary 1996 and January 2003. 12 patients had tracheal stenosis, 6 patients had tracheal invasion by thryroid cancer and 1 patient had tracheal cancer. We analyzed the direct causes of tracheal stenosis, preoperative vocal cord function, operation technique, early and delayed postoperative complications, and the outcome of end-to-end anastomois. Result Decannulation without significant aspiration was achieved in 16 cases($89.5\%$). A 27 year-old man could not be decannulated because of restenosis. A 62 year-old woman could not be decannulated because of bilateral vocal cord palsy. Conclusion End-to-end anastomosis is a safe and effective surgical method for tracheal stenosis. Case selection for end-to-end anastomosis and preservation of recurrent laryngeal nerve during operation is very important.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.13-15
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• 2015

Intraoperative neuromonitoring of thyroid surgery has gained universal validity to help in nerve identification, safe nerve dissection, and prediction of postoperative vocal cord function. In this article, standard intraoperative neuromonitoring procedure, interpretation about loss of signal, and the indications covered by health insurance will be described.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1983년도 제17차 학술대회연제순서 및 초록
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• pp.14.4-15
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• 1983

이비인후과영역의 악성종양중 가장 많은 빈도를 보이는 후두암의 외과적료법으로는 1873년 Billroth가 처음으로 후두전적출위을, 1873년 H. B. Sands가 후두부분절제술을 시행한 이래 항생제료법, 수혈 및 보다 안전해진 마취 등의 전반적인 진보로 수술후 보다 좋은 예후를 가져왔다. 후두의 임파계는 구획되어 있는 해부학적 특성이 있기 때문에 후두부분절제술의 시행을 가능케 하였으며 이러한 후두부분절제술은 후두전적출술에 비하여 적응증이 다르긴 하나 환부를 제거함과 동시에 발성작용, 호흡작용 및 방어작용등의 기능적인 면을 보존시킬 수 있는 장점이 있다. 최근 수술적요법은 화학요법, 방사선료법 등과 병합으로 재발의 빈도를 줄이고 5연생존율을 증가시켰다. 저자들은 1980연부터 1982연까지 고대부속병원 이비인후과에 내원한 후두암환자중 후두부분절제술의 적응이 되는 8예를 경험하였다. 이들의 발병부위는 후두개 2예, 양측성대 전 1/3부위 2예, 우측성대 전 1/3부위 및 전연합부 1예, 우측후두실 1예, 좌측성대 중 1/3부위 2예로서 이들에 시행한 후두부분절제술에 대하여 문헌적 고찰과함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2012

Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis is the most common and serious complication after thyroid cancer surgery. The objective of this study was to report the advantages of the vein wrapping technique for nerve reconstruction in patients with thyroid cancer invading the recurrent laryngeal nerve and its effects on postoperative phonatory function. The subjects were three patients who underwent resection of the recurrent laryngeal nerve during surgical extirpation of papillary thyroid cancer. Free ansa cervicalis nerve graft or direct neurorrhaphy with a vein wrapping technique was used to facilitate nerve regeneration, protect the anastomosed nerve site mechanically, and prevent neuroma formation. One-year postoperative laryngoscopic examination revealed good vocal cord mobility. Maximum phonation time ($19.5{\pm}0.3$ sec) was longer than a previously-reported value in conventional reconstruction patients ($18.8{\pm}6.6$ sec). The present phonation efficiency index ($7.88{\pm}0.78$) was higher than that previously calculated in conventional reconstruction ($7.59{\pm}2.82$). The mean value of the Voice Handicap Index-10 was 6, which was within the normal range. This study demonstrates improvement in phonation indices measured 1 year after recurrent laryngeal nerve reconstruction. Our results confirm that the vein wrapping technique has theoretical advantages and could be favored over conventional reconstruction techniques for invenerate nerve injuries.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.94-100
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• 1997

Background and Objectives : In children with tracheal stenosis, operative management remains a challenging problem due to difficulties of operative techniques and postoperative care. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of tracheal resection with end to end anastomosis as operative management for tracheal stenosis in children. Materials and Methods : 6 children with severe tracheal stenosis underwent tracheal resection with end to end anastomosis. Causes of stenosis were trauma in 1 case and prolonged intubation or tracheotomy in 5 cases. The diagnoses were made by radiologic evaluation (plain X-ray, CT, 3-Dimensional CT) and confirmed by direct laryngoscopy and ventilating bronchoscopy under general anesthesia. Thyroplasty and unilateral arytenoidectomy were performed in 1 case. Suprahyoid release was done in 1 case with severe adhesion. Decanulation was achieved following postoperative endoscopic examination and pulmonary function test. Postoperative physical and radiologic examinations were given at regular intervals. Results : Stenosis were improved from grade III grade I in 4 cases and from grade II to grade I in 2 cases. Decanulation was achieved on average postoperative 6 months in 5 cases, and 10 years in 1 case due to exertional dyspnea. There were 1 each case of immediate postoperative subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax and wound infection. Postoperative granulomas at anastomosis site were treated with laser vaporization under suspension laryngoscope and bronchoscope in 3 cases. There was 1 each case of delayed postoperative vocal cord palsy, aspiration pneumonia and loss of cough reflex. Conclusion In tracheal stenosis of children, tracheal resection with end to end anastomosis has good result with preservation of normal airway. Preoperative evaluation of local factors such as swallowing, vocal cord movement and cough reflex and general condition was important for successful treatment. As the cases in adults, authors considered this operation to be a curable operative management for tracheal stenosis.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2020

Visual identification of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is considered as a gold standard of RLN preservation during thyroid surgery. Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) is classified into the intermittent type and continuous type and helps surgeons identify the functional integrity of RLN and predict the postoperative vocal cord function. RLN injury during thyroid surgery is associated with tumor factors and surgeon factors. Tumor factors mean such as direct tumor invasion, adhesion of RLN to the tumor, and compression by a large thyroid tumor. Surgeon factors include nerve transection, stretching, thermal injury, and ligation injury. A recent meta-analysis reported that the IONM could reduce the RLN injury. Considering various nerve injury mechanism, we suggest that using both I-ONM and C-IONM together is more effective method in preventing nerve damage than using I-IONM alone.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1977년도 제11차 학술대회연제 순서 및 초록
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• pp.6.2-7
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• 1977

사성은 후두의 정상 발성기능이 장애되있을때 생기며, 후두질환의 가장 중요하고 특유한 증상이다. 1885년 Morgagni가 최초로 후두암에 대해서 보고한 이래 최근 후두암에 대한 인식이 높아짐과 동시에 사회적으로 날로 심각한 문제가 되고 있는 공해 특히 대기오염으로 인한 기도증상으로 야기되는 후두질환증후인 사성을 호소하는 환자들이 증가되고 있는지 연구 고찰함이 의의가 있다고 생각되어, 저자들은 1970년 1월부터 1976년 12월까지 만 7년간 한일병원 이비인후과 외래에 사성을 주소로 내원한 400명의 환자에 대한 임상적 고찰을 하여 다음 몇가지 지견을 얻었기에 문헌적 고찰을 가하여 보고하는 바이다. 1. 이비인후과 신 외래환자 총 14,731명중 사성 환자가 400명으로 약 2.7%이였다. 2. 성별로는 남여비가 211 : 189로 약 1.1 : 1로써 남子가 약간 많았다. 3. 질환별로는 급성후두염 158례(39.5%). 만성후두염 103례(27.3%), 성대결절 37례(9.3%), 성대마비 34례(8.5%), 성대 polyp 32례(8%), 후두질 13례(3.25%), 후두결핵 9례(2.25%)의 순이었다. 4. 연령별로는 30세대가 113례(28.23%)로 가장 많았고 다음으로 40대, 20대, 순이였으며, 10대, 20대, 60대 이상은 비교적 저율이였다. 5. 성별질환분포는 후두암이 12 : 1, 후두polyp 27 : 5, 후두유두종 4 : 1로 남성에서 압도적으로 많았으며, 그 외질환은 남여 비슷한 율을 보였다. 6. 연령별질환분포는 50세대까지는 급만성후두염이 가장 많았고 30대에선 후두 polyp, 30대 및 40대에선 성대결절, 40대 및 50대에선 후두결핵과 성대미비, 50 대에서는 후두암이 최고율이였다. 7. 월별분포는 고루 산재되어 있었으며 그중 3월∼6월사이가 비교적 고율이었고 동절엔 비교적 낮았다. 8. 발병부터 초진까지의 기간은 10일이내가 103례(26%)로 가장 많았고 약 80%에서 발병 1년이내에 내원하였다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.201-205
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• 1996

이상의 성적에서 레이저 성대 절제술은 초기 성문암종에 대한 일차 치료법으로 유용하다고 생각되었으며, 일차 절제가 가장 중요하고 그후 성대를 포함한 전체 후두점막에 대하여 주기적으로 현수후두경하에 수술현미경을 이용한 추적관찰과 원격전이 및 이차암의 발생 유무에 대하여 적극적인 추적검사가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• International journal of thyroidology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.130-136
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• 2018

Background and Objectives: Intraoperative neural monitoring (IONM) of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in thyroid surgery has been employed worldwide to identify and preserve the nerve as an adjunct to visual identification. The aims of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of IONM and difficulties in the learning curve. Materials and Methods: We studied 63 patients who underwent thyroidectomy with IONM during last 2 years. The standard IONM procedure was performed using NIM 3.0 or C2 Nerve Monitoring System. Patients were divided into two chronological groups based on the success rate of IONM (33 cases in the early period and 30 cases in the late period), and the outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results: Of 63 patients, 32 underwent total thyroidectomy and 31 thyroid lobectomy. Failure of IONM occurred in 9 cases: 8 cases in the early period and 1 case in the late period. Loss of signal occurred in 8 nerves of 82 nerves at risk. The positive predictive value increased from 16.7% in the early period to 50% in the late period. The mean amplitude of the late period was higher than that of the early period (p<0.001). Conclusion: IONM in thyroid surgery is effective to preserve the RLN and to predict postoperative nerve function. However, failure of IONM and high false positive rate can occur in the learning curve, and the learning curve was about 30 cases based on the results of this study.