• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2001

The estrogenic potency of di -2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) using reverse transcriptase-PCR respouse of liver vitellogenin mRNA in male African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) was studied. Male frogs were injected with DEHP at dose of 300$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg and 300 mg/kg body weight through the dorsal lymph sac. After 4 days, using suitable pair of RT-PCR primers, vitellogenin mRNA induction in the liver was measured and DEHP showed vitellogenin mRNA induction in only the group treated with 300 mg/kg. Any significant histological abnormalities by the exposure of DEHP was not shown in both testis and liver.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.181-186
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• 2001

The estrogenic potency of bisphenol A using reverse trancriptase-PCR response of liver vitellogenin mRNA in male carp was studied. For this, six combination of primers which were synthesized on the basis of cDNA consensus region of various species, were evaluated and one pair of primers was selected as the best to show 286 bp size-transcript. By using the selected primers, vitellogenin mRNA induction in carp treated with bisphenol A was measured and the chemical showed dose-and time-dependent Induction response. From this result, it was concluded that RT-PCR technique wing the selected primers in this study can be wed to monitor the estrogenic effects exerted In carp living in Korean freshwater.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.513-516
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• 2007

This investigation was intended to find out the estrogenic effect of chlortetracycline (CTC) on vitellogenin induction in adult male Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Vitellogenin (Vtg) produced in male fish has been used to as one of a biomarker of endocrine disrupters. The positive control was $17{\beta}-estradiol$ (E2) that induced Vtg in male fish. As a result, male and female fish were exposed to 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 ppm of CTC. Western blot results showed approximately 205 kDa, that is similar to myosin at high molecular weight range Sigma maker. Vtg band was showed fainted to 10 and 100ppm for chlortetracycline. Vtg concentration of CTC was qunatified by total protein quantification and ELISA. Exposure of the male fish to CTC of 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 ppm produced Vtg concentrations of 0.24, 0.12, 7.61 and 40.02%o, respectively, that value was elevated than control male fish (0.14%o). CTC exerted as a Vtg inducer in male fish from 10 ppm, but it was a reducer in female fish from 0.1 ppm level. The results say that vitellogenin induction patterns alter in male medaka treated with CTC, and that CTC may caused endocrine disruption in fish.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 1995년도 수산관련공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.159-164
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• 1995

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2001

A common used endpoint in bioassays testing the estrogenicity of chemicals including endocrine disruptors is the induction of egg yolk Precursor vitellogenin in male fish. Two marine fishes (Sebastes schlegeli and Paralichthys olivaceus) were exposed to the 17$\beta$-estradiol(E2) to determine the vitellogenin production. Vitellogenin was measured in fish blood using SDS-PAGE and Densimetry. Results showed that exposure to E2 caused vitellogenin in male fish. Especially, vitellogenin levels in young fish were about 4 times higher than in adult fish, which means young fish are more sensitive to E2 exposure. And plasma vitellogenin in fish increased related to E2 concentration and exposure duration.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.557-564
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• 1998

무지개송어의 초대배양 간세포에 있어서 Vitellogenin (VTG)의 합성 유도는 전기영동적 수법에 의해 행하였다. 간세포는 7일 동안 phositively charged dish를 이용한 배양으로 단층 확산되었다. 배양 7일의 간세포 생존율은 $E_2$의 유무에 따라 각각 20.7% 및 23.6%가 감소하였으며, DNA함유량도 각각 13.7% 및 14.0%가 감소하였다. $E_2$ 첨가군과 대조군간에는 생존율과 DNA 함유량에 있어서는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 그리고, 총 단백질에 대한 VTG의 비율은 $E_2$$10^{-6}$ M의 첨가시에 최대치를 나타내었다. 그러나, 고농도($10^{-5}$M)에서는 오히려 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2005년도 Proceedings of KSEH.Minamata Forum
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• pp.54-57
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• 2005

Endocrine disrupting effects of several pharmaceutical products were evaluated with fish. The test pharmaceuticals(caffeine, ketoconazole, acetaminophen and diltiazem) have been often detected in aquatic environment of Korea(from on going study of this research team). We analyzed vitellogenin induction by qualitative (Western blot) and quantitative (ELISA) assay. $17{\beta}$ -estradiol was used as a positive control. Some pharmaceuticals could give effects to male Oryzias latipes. They could induced vitellogenin under exposure of chemicals at male Oryzias latipes.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2005년도 가을학술대회
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• pp.179-182
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• 2005

Endocrine disrupting effects of several pharmaceutical products were evaluated with fish. The test pharmaceuticals(caffeine, ketoconazole, acetaminophen and diltiazem) have been often detected in aquatic environment of Korea(from on going study of this research team). We analyzed vitellogenin induction by qualitative (Western blot) and quantitative (ELISA) assay. $17{\beta}-estradiol$ was used as a positive control. Some pharmaceuticals could give effects to male Oryzias latipes. They could induced vitellogenin under exposure of chemicals at male Oryzias latipes.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.153-158
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• 1998

Effects of cyclic (c) AMP and G-protein related reagents (3-isobutyl-l-methyxanthine (IBMX), Forskolin (FSK), cholera toxin (CTX), and pertussis toxin (PTX≫ on estradiol-17$\beta$ induced vitellogenin (VTG) induction were examined in primary hepatocyte cultures in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. The addition of IBMX, FSK, or CTX to the incubation medium markedly increased VTG production, while PTX was not effective in stimulating the production. It is well known that cAMP regulates phosphorylation and dephosphorylation through mediation of protein kinase A. These results suggest that VTG production is highly dependent on cAMP state in hepatocytes because of its highly phosphorylated nature.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.186-191
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• 2001

Vitellogenin (VTG) and VTG mRNA induction by $estradiol-17\beta\;(E_2)$ were examined in the primary cultures of hepatocyte in the rainbow trout. Hepatocytes were precultured for 2 days, then $E_2$ was added and cultured for another 5 days. Media and hepatocytes were then analyzed by electrophoresis and Northern blotting for VTG and VTG mRNA, respectively. The hepatocytes were formed a few aggregates within 5 days without further spreading to a monolayer. Cell viability and high DNA content were maintained during the incubation. The hepatocyte culture with E2 induced a weak VTG band at a molecular weight of 175kDa on Day 2 after $E_2$ addition. The relative amount of VTG was expressed in percentage of total protein concentrations. VTG was gradually increased as $1.9\%$ on Day 2, $6.3\%$ on Day 4 and $7.3\%$ on Day 5. VTG mRNA band was detected at about 6.6 kb in the culture with $E_2$ at day 1 of culture. The level of VTG mRNA expression linearly increased with time until Day 5 (r=0.97).