• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.396-400
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• 2010

This experiment investigated the effects of increasing dietary vitamin E (VE) on production performance and egg quality traits of Indian reared Kadaknath (KN) hens. One hundred and eighty (180), day old female KN chicks were randomly distributed to three dietary treatment groups for a period of 30 weeks. Each treatment comprised three replicates, each containing 20 chicks. The basal diet ($T_1$) contained 15 IU VE/kg and the two experimental diets were supplemented with 150 and 300 IU VE/kg (diets $T_2$ and $T_3$, respectively). DL-${\alpha}$-tocopherol acetate was used as the source of VE. All chicks were provided feed and water ad libitum. Production performance in terms of body weight, egg weight and hatchability did not differ significantly (p>0.05), whereas sexual maturity, egg production and fertility differed significantly (p<0.05) in $T_2$ compared to the other two groups. Egg quality traits in terms of albumin weight, yolk weight, shell thickness, albumin index and yolk index did not differ significantly (p>0.05), whereas the Haugh unit score was significantly higher (p<0.05) in $T_2$ than the control ($T_1$) and high dose treatment group ($T_3$). From this study, it can be concluded that lower levels of dietary VE may be beneficial for production performance and Haugh unit score but have no effect on egg quality traits in Indian reared KN hens.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.276-284
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• 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether a dietary vitamin E (VE) supplement could alleviate any detrimental effects of aged corn on lipid metabolism and antioxidant status in laying hens. Methods: The experiment consisted of a 2×3 factorial design with two corn types (normal corn and aged corn (stored for 4 yr) and three concentrations of VE (0, 20, and 100 IU/kg). A total of 216 Lohmann laying hens (50 wk of age) were randomly allocated into six treatment diets for 12 wk. Each treatment had 6 replicates of 6 hens per replicate. Results: The results show that aged corn significantly decreased the content of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p<0.05), and reduced chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) mRNA expression (p<0.05) in the liver compared to controls. Diet with VE did not alter the content of crude fat and cholesterol (p>0.05), or acetyl-CoA carboxylase, lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid synthase or CMKLR1 mRNA expression (p>0.05) in the liver among treatment groups. Aged corn significantly increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) (p<0.05) and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (p<0.05) in the liver. The VE increased the content of MDA (p<0.05) but decreased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in serum (p<0.01) and in the ovaries (p<0.05). Adding VE at 20 and 100 IU/kg significantly increased GSH-Px activity (p<0.05) in liver and in serum (p<0.01), 100 IU/kg VE significantly increased SOD activity (p<0.05) in serum. Aged corn had no significant effects on GSH-Px mRNA or SOD mRNA expression (p<0.01) in the liver and ovaries. Addition of 100 IU/kg VE could significantly increase SOD mRNA expression (p<0.01) in the liver and ovary. Conclusion: Aged corn affected lipid metabolism and decreased the antioxidant function of laying hens. Dietary VE supplementation was unable to counteract the negative effects of aged corn on lipid metabolism. However, addition of 100 IU/kg VE prevented aged corninduced lipid peroxidation in the organs of laying hens.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권7호통권87호
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• pp.896-904
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• 2007

비타민 E 유도체인 $RRR-{\alpha}-tocopheryl$ succinate (vitamin E succinate, VES)는 만성골수성 백혈병 세포인 K562세포에서 apoptosis를 유도하였다. VES의 처리에 의해 apoptosis가 유도되는 과정에서 K562 세포 내의 ROS의 생성이 증가되었으며, ROS와 관련된$NF-{\kappa}B$, COX-2 그리고 $p21^{WAF1/CIP1}$등의 유전자가 활성화되었다. 뿐만 아니라, apoptosis의 과정 중 중요한 역할을 하는 Bax의 발현증가 및 손상된 DNA의 회복에 중심적 기능을 하는 PARP의 분열이 야기되었다. VES를 처리한 세포의 세포주기 분석에서는 apoptotic phase인 sub-Gl phase에서 세포사멸이 증가되고, 형태적으로는 염색질의 응축이 일어나는 결과로 미루어볼 때 VES는 K562세포의 apoptosis를 유도한 것을 알 수 있다. C57BL/C의 림프종 이종이식을 통한 VES의 항암활성 실험 결과, C57BL/C의 대조군에 비하여 종양의 성장억제를 확인하였으며 높은 생존율을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 백혈병 치료에 대한 분자적 기초를 제공하였으며 동물실험을 통하여 보다 실질적인 백혈병 치료의 가능성을 보여주었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.263-276
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• 1999

This study was evaluated to know the effects of vitamin E(VE) on the lipid peroxidation in blood and sirloin of castrated korean indigenous beef cattle. Experimental groups were divided into VE 500IU(A), 1,500IU additative feeding group(B) and non-VE-treated control group(C). After oral administration to the cattle for 120 and 150 days, body weight gains, VE contents in plasma and sirloin, and thiobarbituric acid(TBA) value were examined according to the exhibition period(1-7 days) in refrigerated showcase between aging and non-aging group. The results obtained from this study were summarized as follows ; 1. Body weight gain per day of control compared with VE additative feeding A and B groups were showed no significantly differences. 2. The concentrations of VE in plasma after oral administration with VE for 120 days were significantly increased(p<0.05) in A and B groups. There were higher(p<0.n) 4.22$\mu\textrm{g}$/$\m\ell$ in A and 6.22$\mu\textrm{g}$/$\m\ell$ in B group than the control(3.0$\mu\textrm{g}$/$\m\ell$). And the concentrations of VE in plasma for 150 days were significantly increased(p<0.05) in VE additative feeding groups. There were higher 4.89$\mu$g/$m\ell$ in A and 7.05$\mu\textrm{g}$/$\m\ell$ in B group than the control(3.15$\mu\textrm{g}$/$\m\ell$). 3. The concentrations of VE in sirloin for 120 days were significantly increased(p<0.05) in A and B groups. There were higher 1.84$\mu\textrm{g}$/g in A group and 2.40$\mu\textrm{g}$/g in B group than the control(0.78$\mu\textrm{g}$/g). And the concentrations of VE in sirloin for 150 days were significantly increased(P<0.05) in A and B groups. There were higher 1.94$\mu\textrm{g}$/g in A group and 2.63$\mu\textrm{g}$/g in B group than the control(1.00$\mu\textrm{g}$/g). 4. TBA values, the indicator of lipid peroxidation, in non-aging sirloin according to the exhibition period(1-7 days) in refrigerated showcase after oral administration with VE additative feed for 120 days were lower 0.73 in A and B groups than 0.82 in control at the third day after exhibition. In the same group, TBA values were significantly(p<().05) tower 0.77 and 0.75 in A and B groups than 1.22 in control at the seventh day after exhibition. Equally, in the aging group, there were significantly(p<0.05) showed lower TBA values 1.05 and 0.99 in A and B groups than 1.87 in control at the seventh day after exhibition. 5. After oral administration with VE additative feed to the cattle for 150 days, TBA values in non-aging sirloin according to the exhibition period(1-7 days) in refrigerated showcase were significantly(p<0.05) decreased to 0.84 and 0.88 in A and B groups than 1.26 in control at the seventh day after exhibition. In the aging group, there were significantly(p<0.05) showed lower TBA values 0.95 and 0.99 in A and B groups than 1.79 in control at the seventh day after exhibition.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 1998

Plasma concentrations of Vitamins E and A were measured in 15 non-insulin dependent Korean female subjects and 15 age-matched normal subjects using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. No differences were found in plasma Vitamin E concentrations between the 2 groups. Plasma Vitamin A concentrations were higher in subjects with non-insulin dependent diabetes melitus (NIDDM). The effects were evaluated of 4 weeks of daily supplementation of 400 mg Vitamin E on plasma levels of these two vitamins. In addition, the effects were observed for Vitamin E supplementation on oxidative stress and immune-related compound productions in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients and control subjects. After treatment with Vitamin E, plasma Vitamin E concentrations were significantly elevated in both groups. Basal plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBABS) were identical, and a decreased level of TBARS caused by Vitamin E was observed only in the diabetic group (0.02739$\pm$0.0024 versus 0.01814$\pm$0.0008 nmols malondialdehyde equivalents/dl plasma ; p<0.05). The basal and after-treatment levels of immunoglobulins A, G, M were identical in control and diabetic groups, indicating that Vitamin E did not appear to alter gross humoral responses in this study. However, elevation of Complement 3 ($C_3$) was noticed due to Vitamin E supplementation, revealing a possible effect of vitamin E on one aspect of humoral immunity, Furthermore, an increase in prostaglandin E_2 ($PGE_2$) levels in diabetic patients was normalized by Vitamin E supplementation. This suggests indirectly that the depressed cell-mediated response due to elevated $PGE_2$ could be normalized. For the definitive antioxidant intake recommendations for prevention and treatment of adverse effects of non-insulin dependent diabetes, evidence from intervention trials like this study should be collected. The present data suggests that Vitamin E may oxen some protective effects against oxidative damage and might have beneficial effects of partial immune-stimulation.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.264-274
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• 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of β-glucan with vitamin E supplementation on the physiological response, litter performance, blood profiles, immune response, and milk composition of lactating sows. Methods: A total of 50 multiparous F₁ sows (Yorkshire×Landrace) with an average body weight (BW) of 233.6±4.30 kg and an average parity of 4.00±0.307 and their litters were used in this experiment. All sows were allotted to one of five treatments, taking into consideration BW, backfat thickness, and parity in a completely randomized design with 10 replicates. The experimental diets included a corn-soybean meal-based basal diet with or without 0.1% or 0.2% β-glucan and 110 IU vitamin E/kg diet. Results: All treatments added with β-glucan or vitamin E were statistically higher in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) of lactating sows compared to those of the control (Diet, p<0.01). Additionally, the ADFI of lactating sows was significantly higher in the groups supplemented with 0.1% β-glucan compared to 0.2% β-glucan (BG, p<0.01). There was an increasing trend in piglet weight at weaning (BG, p = 0.07), litter weight at the 21st day of lactation (BG, p = 0.07) and litter weight gain (BG, p = 0.08) in groups supplemented with 0.1% β-glucan. The addition of 110 IU vitamin E/kg diet increased vitamin E concentration significantly in lactating sows (VE, p<0.01) and exhibited a trend for higher concentrations of vitamin E (VE, p = 0.09) in piglets. Adding 0.1% β-glucan compared to 0.2% β-glucan induced a decrease in the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α in lactating sows (BG, p = 0.06) and in piglets (BG, p = 0.09) on the 21st day of lactation. There were no significant differences in the milk composition of sows. Conclusion: Adding 0.1% β-glucan and 110 IU vitamin E/kg to a lactating sow's diet was beneficial to the growth performance of piglets by leading to an increase in the feed intake of sows and efficiently supplying vitamin E to both the sows and piglets.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.225-231
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• 2008

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the laying stage which is a critical period for chick survival. We investigated the relationship of neonatal chick performance, brain antioxidant status and vitamin E supplementation level in hens. Starting at 17 weeks, hens were randomly divided into five groups. The control group received a basal diet without supplemental vitamin E (VE, dl-${\alpha}$-tocopherol acetate). Other groups received the same basal diet supplemented with vitamin E (40, 80, 120 and 160 mg/kg) through growth to egg production. Hens were artificially inseminated at 28 weeks of age and egg yolks were collected at day two. All remaining eggs were hatched. Yolk vitamin E content, hatchability and fertility of eggs were evaluated. Brains of the newly hatched chicks were further evaluated for their oxidative stress status, antioxidative status and vitamin E levels. Increased reproductive performance was observed in fertility and hatchability in the group supplemented at 40 mg/kg. Egg yolk and neonatal brain ${\alpha}$-tocopherol was highest in eggs from hens fed 120 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg supplemental vitamin E, respectively. Brain MDA, ROS and iron levels were significantly higher in unsupplemented hens (p<0.01). SOD activity was significantly higher in the group supplemented at 160 mg/kg than in all other groups. We concluded that maternal supplementation of vitamin E had beneficial effects on fertility, hatchability of eggs, neonatal brain oxidative status and SOD activity.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2011

본 연구는 quercetin의 급여가 닭고기 다리육의 냉장저장 중의 품질변화에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 1 일령 Ross 320마리 육계 병아리를 8 처리구로 나누어 대조구(CONTROL), 항생제 처리구(AB), vitamin E 20 ppm 처리구(VE 20), vitamin E 200 ppm 처리구(VE200), quercetin 20 ppm(QC 20), quercetin 200 ppm(QC 200), methoxylated quercetin 20 ppm(MQ 20), methoxylated quercetin 200 ppm(MQ 200) 처리구로 나누어 35일간 급여하였다. 급여 후 36일째 도계하여 다리육만 분리하였고, 0, 3, 7일 냉장 저장 기간 동안의 pH, 보수력, 육색, 관능적 특성을 조사하였다. 저장 0일에 AB, VE 20, QC 20, MQ 200 처리구의 pH는 대조구에 비해 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 저장 3일에는 VE 200과 QC 20에서 대조구보다 높은 pH값을 나타내었다(p<0.05). 닭다리육의 명도($L^*$)값은 도계 직후 MQ 20에서 가장 낮은 값을 보였으나, $a^*$값은 저장 3일까지 QC 20 처리구가 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 높은 수준을 나타내었다. 저장 3일의 $b^*$값도 QC 20 처리구에서 낮은 수준을 나타내어 QC 20이 육색에 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다. 보수력은 저장 3일에 QC 200 처리구에서 대조구보다 유의적으로 높은 수준을 나타내었다. 관능적 특성 중 연도는 MQ 200 처리구에서 대조구와 QC 20 및 MQ 20 처리구에 비해 높은 수준을 나타내었다(p<0.05). 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 quercetin은 닭 다리육의 색도 및 관능적 특성에 부정적으로 영향하지 않으면서도 보수력과 연도를 증진시키기 위한 육계 사료 첨가제로서 이용 가능성이 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.21-33
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• 2001

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of antioxidant vitamins on the cellular oxidant damage by observing the mitogenicity in the mouse spleen and the strand breaks of DNA in mouse blood induced by $AFB_2$. Intraperitoneal(i.p.) injections of vitamin C(VC) of 10 mg/kg and vitamin E(VE) of 63.8 mg/kg were repeatedly administered to male ICR mice of 6 weeks old at intervals of 4 times every 2 days. After one hour vitamin treatments, $AFB_1$ of 0.4 mg/kg was injected into the $AFB_2$ plus vitamin treated groups in the same way. On the other hands, into the $AFB_2$ only treated group, only $AFB_2$ was injected without vitamins in the same method as above. The results of the experiment are as follows ; as regard to comet assay, DNA strand breaks were clearly present and they formatted a typical comet tail in the mice blood of the $AFB_2$ only treated groups. However, comet tails apparently disappeared in $AFB_2$ plus antioxidant vitamins treated groups since oxidant damage was controlled in an almost similar level to the control group. Mitogenicity of the spleen also showed a similar tendency as before, and these differences were more remarkably observed in the reaction against Con-A, which is a T-cell mitogen. In these data, the statistical significance was p<0.01. The LDL and VLDL levels were 408.72, 504.47 mg/dl respectively in the $AFB_2$ only treated groups. Compared with the $AFB_1$ only treated groups, those of $AFB_2$ plus antioxidant vitamin treated groups decreased to 272.06(VC), 305.28 mg/dl(VE), respectively. On the other hand, HDL levels were diminished to 32.60, 29.60 mg/dl in $AFB_2$ only treated groups, compared to 42.23, 41.14 mg/dl in the $AFB_2$ plus antioxidant vitamins treated groups. But, blood glucose levels were not statistically significant.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.602-611
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• 2013

We have investigated the influence of system composition and preparation conditions on the particle size of vitamin E acetate (VE)-loaded nanoemulsions prepared by PIC(phase inversion composition) emulsification. This method relies on the formation of very fine oil droplets when water is added to oil/surfactant mixture. The oil-to-emulsion ratio content was kept constant (5 wt.%) while the surfactant-to-oil ratio (%SOR) was varied from 50 to 200 %. Oil phase composition (vitamin E to medium chain ester ratio, %VOR) had an effect on particle size, with the smallest droplets being formed below 60 % of VOR. Food-grade non-ionic surfactants (Tween 80 and Span 80) were used as an emulsifier. The effect of f on the droplet size distribution has been studied. In our system, the droplet volume fraction, given by the oil volume fraction plus the surfactant volume fraction, was varied from 0.1 to 0.3. The droplet diameter remains less than 350 nm when O/S is fixed at 1:1. The droplet size increases gradually as the increasing the volume fraction. Particle size could also be reduced by increasing the temperature when water was added to oil/surfactant mixture. By optimizing system composition and homogenization conditions we were able to form VE-loaded nanoemulsions with small mean droplet diameters (d < 50 nm). The PIC emulsification method therefore has great potential for forming nanoemulsion-based delivery systems for food, personal care, and pharmaceutical applications.