• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.110-115
• /
• 1983

This study was to demonstrate the additional effect of fat-soluble vitamins on inhibitory action of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) saponin to lipoperoxide formation in vitro and in vivo. The ginseng saponin and vitamins were added to the substrate of linoleic acid and incubated on a shaking water-bath at $60^{\circ}C$, and the inhibitory action on lipoperoxide formation was examined by measuring the TBA value (532 nm), POV (500 nm) and EDA (electorn donating ability to ${\alpha}$, ${\alpha}$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picrylhydrazyl at 525nm) for in vitro. The ginseng saponin and vitamins were administered to Sprague-Dawley rats (♂, 100~120g) orally, and the inhibitory effect on lipoperoxide formation was examined by measuring the TBA value in vivo. EDA to DPPH of ginseng saponin added with vitamin A and D were higher than that of ginseng saponin only. Ginseng saponin added with vitamin A and D inhibited strongly lipoperoxide formation of initial step by extension of induction period in vitro. Fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin E and A were approved the additional effect on inhibitory action of lipoperoxide formation in vitro. The additional effect of fat-soluble vitamins to ginseng saponin for inhibitory action of lipoperoxide formation was effective vitamin E and D for blood, vitamin A and E for liver in vivo.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.18-30
• /
• 2018

Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the association of serum Vitamin D with insulin resistance and ${\beta}-cell$ function in Korean health checkup examinees. Methods: This study subjects were 374 healthy adults (199 males, 175 females) over the age of 20, who visited a general hospital medical center located in Haenam-gun, Jeollanam-do. To find the association of Vitamin D with HOMA-IR and $HOMA-{\beta}$, the used statistical analysis were ANOVA and ANCOVA. Results: Of the study subjects, the level of serum Vitamin D defined by deficient group, insufficient group and sufficient group was 38.5%, 48.1% and 13.4%, respectively. According to the level of serum Vitamin D, the mean values of HOMA-IR were $1.92{\pm}1.08$ in sufficient group, $1.99{\pm}1.04$ in the insufficient group and $2.91{\pm}1.05$ in deficient group and there were statistically significant different(p<0.001). The mean values of $HOMA-{\beta}$ were $84.69{\pm}1.07$ in sufficient group, $78.41{\pm}1.04$ in the insufficient group and $80.48{\pm}1.04$ in deficient group, and there were not significant. As a result of ANCOVA, adjusted mean of HOMA-IR were statistically significant different (p<0.001), but those of $HOMA-{\beta}$ were not statistically significant according to the level of serum Vitamin D. Conclusion: The insufficient level of serum Vitamin D was relatively high in healthy adults who live in rural area, and it was found that HOMA-IR significantly increased when Vitamin D was deficient. To prevent insulin resistance or diabetes, it is necessary to provide sufficient information related to sufficient production of Vitamin D such as Vitamin D supplement, sun exposure, food intake and etc.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.393-402
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between vitamin D and periodontal diseases based on the raw data of the 5th National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey of 2010. The subjects in this study were 1,327 people, and those whose data on major variables were missing and who suffered from diabetes and/or osteoporosis were excluded. As for data analysis, R2.15.1 program and PASW Statistics 18.0 were utilized. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. As for all the respondents aged 50 and up, there was no significant relationship between vitamin D and periodontal diseases. 2. As for the post-menopausal women including the women who underwent bilateral ovariectomy, the vitamin D-deficit group 1 (<10) were 6.66-fold more likely to suffer from periodontal diseases than the vitamin D-sufficient group (${\geq}30$) (OR, 6.66; 95% CI, 1.004~44.19). The above-mentioned findings ascertained that vitamin D had a significant negative correlation to periodontal diseases among the post-menopausal women including the women who underwent bilateral ovariectomy. This finding should be taken into account in terms of the prevention and management of periodontal diseases.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
• /
• v.20 no.2 s.56
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 2005

Chitosan is a dietary fiber because of a linear polysaccharide composed of $\beta-(1{\rightarrow}4)$-linked 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose. In this study, control release system of vitamin C has been estimated in chitosan molecular network as a vitamin C carrier of controlled release. The amount of released vitamin C were decreased in higher amount of chitosan concentration. Especially, vitamin C were slowly released from chitosan solution in dialysis membrane when compared with vitamin C solution alone in dialysis membrane. These result assumed that chitosan driving force is dependent on chitosan molecular weight and cationic property of amino group with anionic property of vitamin C.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.167-172
• /
• 2004

In the human skin, vitamin C (L -ascorbic acid) that is well known as the activated materials has effects that is skin anti-aging and wrinkle repair by giving impetus to collagen biosynthesis and anti-oxidation, and that is the sun screen, a wound recovering, inhibition melanogenesis and so on. In spite of its effects, vitamin C has the defects of the skin stimulation and easily oxidized instability by water, air, heat and light. For solving their matters, many investigation is advanced and its results are synthesized the various vitamin C derivatives. And yet they have not solved the unstable property of vitamin C and were still insufficient for the comparing with the effect of the pure vitamin C itself. In this study, in order to prepare vitamin C derivative of being improved the stability and to apply vitamin C effect in the skin, we prepared new vitamin C derivative, phytosphingosine ascorbate, by using phytosphingosine, one of sphingolipids, which have a distinguished skin affinity. Phytosphingosine ascorbate can be prepared as the ionic bond between amine group (-NH$_2$) of phytosphingosine and hydroxy group (-OH) of vitamin C by way of the relatively simple reaction. So the structure and properties of the synthesized phytosphingosine ascorbate was confirmed the use of elemental analysis (C 58.3 : H 9.3 : N 2.8 : O 29.5), MALDI TOF-MS (Mw=492.58), Ultraviolet spectra (268.5nm), lH NMR, FT-IR spectra, thermal analysis (m.p=l54$^{\circ}C$), HPLC and so on. And we could confirm the anti-bacterial and anti-oxidation effects. Based on these results, we could confirm to prepare a new material that was expected of both effects of vitamin C and phytosphingosine and that is improved properties of vitamin C.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.387-395
• /
• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Recent studies showed vitamin D deficiency is linked to chronic diseases in addition to skeletal metabolism which could threaten the elderly. We analyzed health conditions and socio-demographic factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in community dwelling people aged 65 years and older. SUBJECTS/METHOD: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010 to 2012 were obtained. A total of 2,687 subjects aged 65 years and older were participated. The cutoff value of the Vitamin D deficiency was considered as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] ${\leq}20ng/mL$ (50 nmol/L). RESULTS: The overall prevalence rate of vitamin D deficiency in the elderly was 62.1%. The factors such as female, obesity, metabolic syndrome, current smoker, and skipping breakfast were positively associated with vitamin D deficiency, but high intensity of physical activity and more than 9 hours of sleep duration were negatively associated with vitamin D deficiency (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It is important that health professions know that the factors proved in this study are connected to vitamin D deficiency thus provide information and intervention strategies of vitamin D deficiency to old aged people.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.77 no.2
• /
• pp.73-80
• /
• 2014

Background: Low levels of serum vitamin D is associated with several lung diseases. The production and activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may play an important role in the pathogenesis of emphysema. The aim of the current study therefore is to investigate if vitamin D modulates the expression and activation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in human lung fibroblasts (HFL-1) cells. Methods: HFL-1 cells were cast into three-dimensional collagen gels and stimulated with or without interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$) in the presence or absence of 100 nM 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D ($1,25(OH)_2D$) for 48 hours. Trypsin was then added into the culture medium in order to activate MMPs. To investigate the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9, gelatin zymography was performed. The expression of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1, TIMP-2) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of MMP-9 mRNA and TIMP-1, TIMP-2 mRNA was quantified by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results: IL-$1{\beta}$ significantly stimulated MMP-9 production and mRNA expression. Trypsin converted latent MMP-2 and MMP-9 into their active forms of MMP-2 (66 kDa) and MMP-9 (82 kDa) within 24 hours. This conversion was significantly inhibited by 25(OH)D (100 nM) and $1,25(OH)_2D$ (100 nM). The expression of MMP-9 mRNA was also significantly inhibited by 25(OH)D and $1,25(OH)_2D$. Conclusion: Vitamin D, 25(OH)D, and $1,25(OH)_2D$ play a role in regulating human lung fibroblast functions in wound repair and tissue remodeling through not only inhibiting IL-$1{\beta}$ stimulated MMP-9 production and conversion to its active form but also inhibiting IL-$1{\beta}$ inhibition on TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 production.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.408-413
• /
• 2006

We assessed the ability of a Pseudonocardia sp. from soil samples to bioconvert vitamin $D_3$. The optimal culture conditions for the bioconversion of vitamin $D_3$ to active $1{\alpha}$,25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ were investigated by varying the carbon and nitrogen sources, the metal salt concentrations, the initial pH, and the temperature. Microbial transformations were carried out with the addition of vitamin $D_3$ dissolved in ethanol. They were sampled by extraction with methanol-dichloromethane and the samples were examined by HPLC. Optimum culture conditions were found to be 0.4% yeast extract, 1% glucose, 3% starch, 1% fish meal, 0.2% NaCl, 0.01% $K_2HPO_4$, 0.2% $CaCO_3$, 0.01% NaF, and pH 7.0 at $28^{\circ}C$. The optimal timing of the addition of vitamin $D_3$ for the production of calcitriol by Pseudonocardia autotrophica ID9302 was concurrent with the inoculation of seed culture broth. Maximum calcitriol productivity and the yield of bioconversion reached a value of 10.4mg/L and 10.4% respectively on the 7th day in a 75L fementer jar under the above conditions.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.111-115
• /
• 2019

Vitamin D dependent rickets type 1A (VDDR1A) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in CYP27B1. Clinical findings are growth retardation, hypotonia, muscle weakness, hypocalcemic seizures, and radiological features of rickets. We aimed to present the VDDR1A case with a genetic study of CYP27B1. The 14-month-old boy was admitted to the hospital due to a seizure. Serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25(OH) vitamin D, and 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D values were 5.1 mg/dL, 3.7 mg/dL, 705 IU/L, 429 pg/mL, 24.9 ng/mL, and 8.8 pg/mL, respectively. Radiological study showed cupping and fraying of the distal ulna and radius. The molecular genetic study revealed that the patient had a compound heterozygous mutation, $Phe443Profs^*24$ and c.589+1G>A, in CYP27B1. Genetic analysis of the family members presented that the mother was heterozygous for the mutation c.589+1G>A, and that the father was heterozygous for $Phe443Profs^*24$. The patient was treated with calcium lactate and calcitriol. Until now, six Korean patients with VDDR1A have been studied. Including this case, Korean patients with VDDR1A were found to have only three different mutations in 14 alleles, indicating that the mutation in the CYP27B1 gene is homogeneous in the Korean population.

• Atmosphere
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.123-130
• /
• 2011

In this study, we have analyzed the radiative characteristics of erythemal ultraviolet-B (EUV-B from 1999 to 2005) over the Korean Peninsula. EUV-B measured at Gangneung, Anmyondo, Mokpo, and Gosan represents the measurements from clean areas and that at Seoul represents from a polluted area. The magnitudes of EUV-B increase in proportion to the latitudinal decrease. Monthly mean variation of EUV-B at noon shows the maximum value of $158.5mWm^{-2}$ in August and the minimum value of $36.4mWm^{-2}$ in December in the clean areas. Seasonal mean diurnal variation of EUV-B shows a peak around noon (12:00 ~ 13:00 hr) and its intensity varies along with a season in order of summer > spring > fall > winter. The maximum value of $56.4mWm^{-2}$ in summer is three times higher than that in winter ($14.3mWm^{-2}$). The value of EUV-B in the polluted area is lower than that in the clean areas, resulting from the effects of the blocking, reflection, and scattering of EUV-B due to high concentrations of PM10. UV-B is an essential element to synthesize vitamin D in human body. 200 IU(International Unite) of vitamin D can be formed by an exposure of 6-10% of body surface area to 0.5 MED(Minimal Erythemal Dose). In order to form vitamin D, the calculated exposure times to EUV-B are 15 min. in spring, 12 min. in summer, 18 min. in fall, and 37 min. in winter for the clean areas and 16, 16, 24, and 37 min. for the polluted area.