• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2016

The unexpected expansion of the built environment has allowed for high-density and high-rise buildings. As high-density dwellings compromise privacy, the requirements for balancing between interacting with others and protecting privacy are increasing. In this respect, Korean traditional architecture provides privacy through a proper balance of openness and closure in the courtyard garden. However, it is difficult to analyze privacy quantitatively, as it depends on the individual experience and psychology. The analyzing for visual privacy is a significant issue to resolve a conflict with others and enhance human's comfort. Therefore, this paper addresses the assumption that visual privacy could ultimately be quantified based on the concept of prospect and refuge, one of the design strategies for psychological wellbeing. The purpose of this study is to examine visual privacy in the royal palace in Korea, Gyeongbokgung and Changdeokgung. It measures spatial configuration in each buildings using space syntax, and the area ratio of prospect and refuge through an image analysis with Adobe Photoshop CS6. The mathematical properties of connectivity, depth, control value, integration and the area ratio of prospect and refuge are partially available for quantifying visual privacy in buildings.

• Architectural research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2010

The present study explored the applicability of Visibility Graph Analysis (VGA) techniques to workplace design research. Six types of VGA measures in Depthmap encompassing visual connectivity, three types of visual integration, mean depth, and visual entropy were employed for the analysis of individual privacy for task concentration and group relationship behavior in the open-plan office environment. Data comprised 136 workers in 6 open-plan offices filled with low-paneled (1.2-1.5m) cubicle workspaces. For the statistical analysis, Spearman's rho correlations and t-tests were applied for the spatial and behavioral measures. The results showed that workspace VGA measures have a potential to be useful information to account for workers' concentration privacy and, limitedly, also informal relationships with team members. Visual entropy values especially offer reliable information to predict various aspects of office workers' privacy behavior while visual integration can be used to account for the workers' sense of trust in group relations. The study also discussed the limitation of VGA applications to the workplace context.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.421-427
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• 2020

A novel privacy-protection device to prevent visual hacking is realized by using a directional backlight and facial recognition. The proposed method is able to overcome the limitations of previous privacy-protection methods that simply restrict the viewing angle to a narrow range. The accuracy of user tracking is accomplished by the combination of a time-of-flight sensor and facial recognition with no restriction of detection range. In addition, an experimental demonstration is provided to verify the proposed scheme.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2006

This study intends to understand the visual experience of architectural space generated by users' movement based on the interpretation of visual properties. An analytic theory of Isovist is suggested for the objective and comparable measurement for such visual experience, and a computer program for the analysis has been proposed as well. By using the analytical theory and computer program, eight houses designed by Adolf Loos and Le Corbusler are analyzed for the purpose of understanding the visual characteristics of the Modern Architecture and the contemporaries. The result shows that, while the architectural space of Loos emphasizes personal privacy as for being livable spaces, the architectural space of Corbusier emphasizes users' movement as for including diverse visual arrays. These commensurable results exhibit that the analytical tool and research frame suggested in this study can be a competitive tool for such analysis.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.183-193
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• 2014

IT서비스가 발달함에 따라 기업의 가치창출 수단으로 개인정보의 활용도가 높아졌고, 오 남용 및 유출의 위험도 증가하고 있다. 웹사이트 이용 및 서비스 내용을 담고 있는 개인정보 보호정책은 법에 의하여 의무적으로 공지되고 있음에도 불구하고, 낮은 가독성으로 인하여 사용자에게 내용이 효과적으로 전달되지 않는 문제점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 사용자의 정보인식효과를 높일 수 있도록 아이콘을 활용한 개인정보 보호정책의 개선된 레이어드 방식을 제안한다. 기존 텍스트 또는 테이블 방식과 비교할 때 개선된 레이어드 방식에 대하여 사용자들이 얼마나 기업의 개인정보 취급내용을 이해하고 감각적으로 풍부하게 전달받을 수 있는지 실험을 통해 사용자 정보인식 효과를 측정하였다. 실험 결과, 정보이해가능성과 생동감, 재인에 대하여 개선된 레이어드 방식이 기존의 텍스트 방식이나 테이블 방식보다 효과적이다. 사용자에게 정보를 효과적으로 전달하는 정보 시각화 측면에서 아이콘과 같은 시각적인 요소를 도입하여 개인정보 취급방침 방식을 개선한다면, 프라이버시 정책에 대한 사용자 관심이 높아지는 등 개인정보권 보호에 실질적인 도움을 줄 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제6호
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• pp.21-27
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• 1995

After the rapid growth of economics in South Korea 1960'1, the number of workers in the whole land in-creased day after day along with the growth of industry. As the growth of the third industry occurred quite rapid-ly, the rate of office workers went up high. Accordingly the business office has been changed the primary work-ing space and recognized the main space as much as the living space. As a result of conceptual change about working place, the business office has an important ef-fect on worker's liberal and psychological environment. In order to provide the office workers with the office work-ers with the suitable and convenient working environ-ment, Socio-psychological factors were first considered at the first stage of construction planning. In this paper, I would understand both how office workers take up their attitudes of Socio-psychological point according to the office type and what they claim for their office environment. This understanding offers us fundamental data in office plan. This paper starting from this purpose got the following conclusions. *Office workers are violated their hearing privacies rather than their visual privacies. They are dissatisfied with ensuring their own spaces and satisfied with their nature of domain. *In the feeling of satisfaction by office type, they are on the whole satisfied with their hearing privacies, their visual privacies, their own space, and the nature of do-main in the closed type and mixed type offices. In open type offices, their visual privacy is often violated. *In the property by individual, men feel more violated their hearing privacies than women. In the personal spa-se and domain, women are less stabilized psycholo-gically than men. *The analysis of the attitude by position, a man of po-sition is more violated his hearing privacy and does not understand each other. The common run of workers are violated their visual privacies and the nature of separa-tion.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to provide empirical and quantitative analysis on user's perceived privacy, security, and user satisfaction when providing visualization information about objects and service provider behaviors that users can not perceive in internet service process. Through previous research, we have examined the importance of privacy and security factors as a key factor to be considered for the characteristics of the Internet of things and the Internet of things. In addition, service blueprint, which is one of the service design methodologies to examine the flow of service usage in providing Internet service of things, was examined. In the flow of things internet service utilization, it is found that the things that are out of the user's cognitive area and the behavior of the service provider take up a large part. Therefore, the hypothesis that the trust of the Internet service security and the satisfaction of the user experience can be improved by providing the security visualization information about the behavior of the object and the invisible service provider in the non-contact aspect of the user and the object. In order to verify the hypothesis, we conducted experiments and questionnaires on the use of virtual objects' internet environment and conducted statistical analysis based on them. As a result, it was analyzed that visual information feedback on non - contact and invisible objects and service provider's behaviors had a positive effect on user's perceived privacy, security, and satisfaction. In addition, we conclude that it can be used as a service design evaluation tool to eliminate psychological anxiety about security and to improve satisfaction in internet service design. We hope that this research will be a great help for the research on application method of service design method in Internet environment of objects.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2019

Hayakawa Kunihiko introduced community space as an open space in Housing in Japan for the first time. We can find the continuity of his architectural intent from his three works (Atrium, Steps, Labyrinth) during the early period of his Housing buildings, In particular, from Labyrinth, his intent was expanded to cities through 'Urban Void', seeking communication and harmony. Accordingly, based on the architectural overview and a field survey of Labyrinth, an analysis was conducted using Space Syntax to investigate whether the space of an inner courtyard is being used as a community space for neighbors who pass through the courtyard and whether the courtyard plays the role of 'Urban Void' as intended by the architect. For this investigation, according to VGA, the courtyard showed the role of great visual connectivity and integration and facilitated connections to the center of the entire space. On the other hand, according to J-Graph, the access stairway connected to each household from the courtyard helped secure privacy in the midst of common space. Step Depth noted that a hierarchy of space was formed to ensure visual privacy within each unit household in addition to privacy for each household.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2005

This study attempts to suggest new directions of urban multi-family housing design in the recent era of information, in which the representation of publicity and privacy of the housing reflects new meanings and relationships of the current digital society. The study examines cases of Dutch multi-family housing and investigates the meanings and relationships of publicity and privacy in the building as well as unit design of the housings. Borneo-Sporenburg housing development is a good example that suggests new interpretation and design solution for low-rise, high-density multi-family housing. Thus, this study analyzes street patterns, facade design, and ways of housing unit combination in Borneo-Sporenburg housing and concludes as follows. First, public space in Borneo-Sporenburg housing, which was designed differently from hierarchical and centripetal organization of modern architecture, is divided into small units and spread into the inside, which provides high potential for personal control of space and personal programming of space by space choices. Second, street pattern and facade design of Borneo-Sporenburg housing provide visual publicity and privacy simultaneously as they maintain unity as a whole as well as articulate individual unit in many different ways and provide clues to neighboring. Streets as a public domain have self-controlled boundaries for residents and introduce voluntary use-programs for residents. Third, facades of the housing have no inter-mediate space or common space, and confront streets directly. Space in-between is composed inside the facade and extends into the streets by residents' own choices. Fourth, privacy and individuality of the housing is strengthened. Units of the housing have individual entrances, unique plan type and complicated combination of space that all together emphasize individuality of units, however they are not often notified from the outside.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2020

I suggested the design learning environment based on affordance concept approach for supporting and improving learners' behavior and outcome for convergent design education in this study. The design learning space should be applied teaching and learning activity, especially learners' behavior, physical space condition to support the design thinking process. The design learning space needs openness, individuality and connectivity to support the learners' behavioral to immerse, participate, cooperate, understand, think and fulfill the design thinking process. The composition principles of the learning environment for convergent design education supports communication and collaboration among members for independence and interaction. The spaces for design research and teaching needs high privacy while facilitating visual communications through special materials and wall structure design. Also, for connectivity to improve the learners' physical and visual contact, the environment of the classrooms requires flexibility and mobility by providing an open space integrating unit cells for realizing learning purpose. These are provided by formed of an open structure for inducing visual communication and physical contact to involve the design activities and the mutual interchange.