• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.19-34
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper was to provide an overview of the existing literature on online visual merchandising and to propose an alternative theoretical framework in which online visual merchandising research can be conducted. Two streams of research including the e-tail service quality literature and the store environment literature from environmental psychology perspectives were reviewed in the context of online visual merchandising. An impression formation paradigm from social psychology was adopted to establish the alternative framework to supplement the existing online visual merchandising research and generate deeper insights into the online visual merchandising phenomenon.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.105-115
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• 2011

We are inundated with visual media; countless such media, ranging from Hollywood blockbusters, American drama, Korean films with enormous budgets to independent films, appeal to our sensibility and engage our empathy and insight. The making of mega-hits that attract millions and a drama of viewer ratings of over forty percent lies in how persuasive the sensibility of the narratives are to an audience from a different milieu and personality. It leads to a question: how can empathy of such a varied group of people be won towards the perspective of directors and authors who come from different nationality and ethnicity to themselves? In exploring the issue, I aim to adopt a psychoanalytical view of human psychology, into consciousness and unconsciousness. Freudian psychoanalysis and Jungian analytic psychology in depth psychology underpin my analysis of visual media. It further enables my examination of unconsciousness applied to spatial design, which is elementary in visual media. In sum, this research aims to improve understanding of spatial design in films, a product of creative human consciousness, by interpreting this as an outcome of the unconscious. This is to apply the concept of collective unconscious in Jung's analytical psychology.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.107-112
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine elderly drivers' driving performances at the intersections, suggested by Bao and Boyle(2009), according to visual information processing skills. Visual information processing skills of elderly drivers were measured by using the visual working memory task, developed by Min et al.(2006). Seven elderly drivers were divided into two groups(good/poor) depending on the level of visual information processing skills and eleven younger drivers were a contrast group. This study examined the differences of driving performance(i.e., intersection passing times, approach velocities, speed variation and handling variations) among three groups. The results showed that elderly drivers having the poor visual information processing skills passed more slowly through the intersection than the contrast group, and passing times between elderly drivers having the good visual information processing skills and the contrast group was not significantly different. It is suggested that elderly drivers having the poor visual information processing skills use more times when they pass through the intersection, because they don't process a lot of hazardous and latent hazardous factors quickly.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.589-598
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• 2013

In order to understand 3D visual fatigue, it is necessary to examine the visual fatigue induced by camera parameters as well as that induced by a pre-existing 3D content. In the present study, we examined the effects of camera parameters, such as roll misalignment error, shooting distance and vergence condition on 3D visual fatigue and we modelled it. The results indicate that roll misalignment error, shooting distance and vergence condition affect 3D visual fatigue and the effect of roll misalignment error on 3D visual fatigue is evident specifically when screen disparity is relatively small.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.475-484
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• 2010

This study examined the influence of the SOA(stimulus onset asynchrony) between visual and auditory stimuli on the integration phenomenon of audio-visual senses. Within the stimulus integration phenomenon, the redundant target effect (the faster and more accurate response to the target stimulus when the target stimulus is presented with more than two modalities) and the visual dominance effect (the faster and more accurate response to a visual stimulus compared to an auditory stimulus) were examined as we composed a visual and auditory unimodal target condition and a multimodal target condition and then observed the response time and accuracy. Consequently, despite the change between visual and auditory stimuli SOA, there was no redundant target effect present. The auditory dominance effect appeared when the SOA between the two stimuli was over 100ms. Theses results imply that the redundant target effect is continuously maintained even when the SOA between two modal stimuli is altered, and also suggests that the behavioral results of superior information processing can only be deducted when the time difference between the onset of the auditory stimuli and the visual stimuli is approximately over 100ms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.73-80
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• 2000

The paper is addressed to the topic of physiological response-specificity in disgust induced by visual stimulation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate reproducibility of physiological reactivity pattern during disgust elicited by the International Affective Pictures System (IAPS) in 2 experiments. Twenty-nine subjects participated in the first experiment with 3 visual stimulation sessions with disgust-eliciting slides (3 slides in each 1 min long session). In the second experiment disgust-eliciting slides from the IAPS were presented to 42 subjects in 2 sessions (one slide for 1 min). Spectral power of frontal EEG, skin conductance (SCL, SCR and NS.SCR), heart rate(HR), heart period variability(HPV) and respiration rate were recorded. Visual stimulation evoked 1:.n deceleration, higher power of high frequency component of HPV, increased SCL and NS.SCR frequency, frontal slow alpha blocking and moderate increase in fast beta power in most of the sessions in both experiments. However in the second experiment the EEG pattern associated with disgust showed inconsistent shifts in fast alpha and slow beta bands, but was marked by higher power of theta activity. Our data in both experiments emphasizes presence of disgust-specific profiles of autonomic and at the less extent EEG responses in visual stimulation context. Discussed are potential behavioral mechanisms leading to observed physiological manifestations in disgust elicited by visual stimulation. The results support the consideration that disgust is an withdrawal type negative valence emotion associated with relatively low autonomic arousal (low HR, low amplitude SCRs with relatively high NS.SCR frequency) and moderate EEG activation signs. Obtained data showed more consistent reproducibility of disgust-specific autonomic rather than EEG response patterns during visual stimulation design.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.90-91
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• 2002

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.109-124
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• 2009

When visual and auditory information is presented simultaneously, we perceive visual information dominantly over auditory information. This effect is called the visual dominance effect. This study was to examine the influence of semantic congruence of visual and auditory information on the visual dominance effect. The semantic congruence of visual and auditory information was manipulated. The results showed that the visual dominance effect obtained in error rates was not modulated by semantic congruence, whereas the effect in RT was. It is suggested that this modulation of the influence of semantic congruence on the visual dominance effect would be due to the task type.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.119-123
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• 2006

문자는 의사소통의 중요한 매개체 중 하나로 사람이 문자를 인식할 때, 글자의 크기나 모양, 위치, 글 자체 등의 매우 다양한 지각적인 변화에 의한 영향을 크게 받지 않는다. 이는 문자에 대한 처리가 다른 사물과는 다소 다르게 일어나며 머릿속에 추상적인 형태(abstract form)로 저장되어 있음을 의미한다. 이러한 처리과정은 시각단어재인 과정에서 어휘 지식에 접근하기 위한 중요한 단계로 여겨지면서 이와 관련된 대뇌 영역의 국재화 양상에 대한 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한글 시각단어재인에 있어 Cohen과 Dehaene 등이 'visual word form area'주장하고 있는 좌측 ventral occipito-tempoarl region의 대뇌 활성화 양상을 살펴보았다. 실험 결과, 좌측 'VWFA'는 어휘의 친숙성에 우뇌의 대측 지점은 어휘성(lexicality)에 민감한 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.62-68
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• 2000

The aim of the study was to compare effects of music and white noise on the recovery of facial blood flow parameters after stressful visual stimulation. Twenty-nine subjects participated in the experiment. Three visual stimulation sessions with aversive slides (the IAPS, disgust category) were followed by subjectively "pleasant" (in the first session), "sad" music (in the second ), and white noise (in the third ). Order of sessions was counterbalanced. Blood flow parameters (peak blood flow, blood flow velocity, blood volume) were recorded by Laser Doppler single-crystal system (LASERFLO BPM 403A) interfaced through BIOPAC 100WS with AcqKnowledge software (v.3.5) and analyzed in off-line mode. Aversive visual stimulation itself decreased blood flow and velocity in all 3 sessions. Both "pleasant" and "sad" music led to the restoration of baseline levels in all blood flow parameters, while noise did not enhance recovery process. Music on post-stress recovery had significant change in peak blood flow and blood flow velocity, but not in blood volume measures. Pleasant music had bigger effects on post-stress recovery in peak blood flow and flow velocity than white noise. It reveals that music exerted positive modulatory effects on facial vascular activity measures during recovery from negative emotional state elicited by stressful slides. Results partially support the undoing hypothesis of Levenson (1994), which states that positive emotions may facilitate process of recovery from negative emotions.