• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2005

The dome structure has been treated in two layers among the techniques that have formed the space in Baroque architecture and the light used to be manipulated to create the openness of space and the fantasy of atmosphere. Such an expression technique has influenced on the expression of space in the architecture of New York Five in the 1960s to 1970s and the concept of multiple space embellished with various layers has appeared in the architectural concept of New York Five; meanwhile, the common meaning with the technique of double layers and the ways of phenomenal expressions that have recognized the existence of space in the Baroque period has been achieved through the light, immaterial organism. It means that the existing concept of light limited simply to the plane elements of brightness and darkness has been treated as a formative element that has defined and adjusted the visual expansion and reduction of the space Itself and special existence and has been used as an element of the media of spatial structure. In addition, these elements have been treated as another solution for the emotional aspects of space. Therefore, this study compares the plastic and formative meaning of the Baroque architecture with that of New York Five in terms of the relation between space and light and examines them; in doing so, it will give a clue to understand various and new space expression techniques to many architects and space designers who have led modern architecture.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2001

부적에는 고대의 다양한 기호나 그림, 원형문자가 사용되어 왔으며 현재도 쓰여지고 있다. 이는 체계화된 문자와 조합되어 다양한 표현으로 메시지를 전달하고 있으며, 현재도 전통적인 방법이 고수되는 반면 지속적인 변화를 통해 인간의 감정과 욕망을 표현하고 있다. 부적은 일반적 견해로 생각하는 실험 타이포그래피 만큼이나 논리적이며 실험적인 성격이 강하다. 또한 문자가 가지고 있는 의미로 다른 기호나, 상형문자, 그림 및 유사단어로 표현하고 있다. 각각의 요소들은 상징적 심볼 및 연상성, 글의 해체성 등 다양성을 갖추고 있었다. 이러한 타이포그래피의 실험적 성격을 더욱 실험적으로 표현가능성을 보여 주고 있는 부적에서 배워야할 해체와 구성작업을 회화적 타이포그래피 관점으로도 눈여겨볼 점이 많았음이 관찰되었다. 본 연구는 부적이 가지고 있는 조형적 특징을 실험 타이포그래피와 비교, 분류, 분석하여 부적이 가지고 있는 조형적 특징이 시각적 언어와 타이포그래피 표현으로 응용될 수 있는 가능성을 살펴보고자 한다. 또한, 한국적 조형 문화로서 부적이 형태적 물성이 가지는 시각 이미지에 대한 재인식과 그 가능성에 대한 모색은 타이포그래피의 서구적인 고정된 틀을 벗어나 우리의 문화와 정서에 맞는 타이포그래피의 표현 영역을 화장하는 것이 앞으로의 과제라 할 수 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2007년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.708-712
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• 2007

CG에서 물을 애니메이션하거나 다양한 특수효과를 표현하기위해 유체역학의 기술들이 사용되고 있다. H/W 성능이 높아지면서 이전에 불가능했던 알고리즘들이 실시간으로 가능해지고 있기는 하지만, 정밀한 표현에는 여전히 많은 시간이 소요되며, 성능과 사실성 사이의 균형을 위한 다양한 기술들이 연구되고 있다. 특히 게임과 같은 문맥을 가지는 곳에서 사용자의 요구에 의해 바다나 호수같은 넓은 지역의 물표면과 객체의 상호작용을 표현하기위해서는, 물리적 사실성을 어느 정도 희생하더라도 시각적인 사실성을 유지하는 범위에서 실행성능을 높이는 것이 우선시 된다. 본 논문에서는 물표면과 객체의 상호작용에 의한 다양한 물표면의 형태변화를 선형 컨벌루션 기법과 경계구를 이용하여 실시간으로 자연스럽게 애니메이션하는 방법을 제안한다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.203-217
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Centella asiatica, also known as Gotu kola, is a tropical medicinal plant native to Madagascar, Southeast Asia, and South Africa. It is well known to have biological activities, including wound healing, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, cytotoxic, and antioxidant effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of extracts of C. asiatica against age-related eye degeneration and to examine their physiological activities. MATERIALS/METHODS: To determine the effects of CA-HE50 (C. asiatica 50% EtOH extract) on retinal pigment cells, we assessed the cytotoxicity of CoCl₂ and oxidized-A2E in ARPE-19 cells and observed the protective effects of CA-HE50 against N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced retinal damage in C57BL/6 mice. In particular, we measured factors related to apoptosis and anti-oxidation and the protein levels of rhodopsin/opsin. We also measured glucose uptake to characterize glucose metabolism, a major factor in cell protection. RESULTS: Induction of cytotoxicity with CoCl₂ and oxidized-A2E inhibited decreases in the viability of ARPE-19 cells when CA-HE50 was administered, and promoted glucose uptake under normal conditions (P < 0.05). In addition, CA-HE50 inhibited degeneration/apoptosis of the retina in the context of MNU-induced toxicity (P < 0.05). In particular, CA-HE50 at 200 mg/kg inhibited the cleavage of pro-caspase-3 and pro-poly (ADP-ribose)-polymerase and maintained the expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 similar to normal control levels. Rhodopsin/opsin expression was maintained at a higher level than in normal controls. CONCLUSION: A series of experiments confirmed that CA-HE50 was effective for inhibiting or preventing age-related eye damage/degeneration. Based on these results, we believe it is worthwhile to develop drugs or functional foods related to age-related eye degeneration using CA-HE50.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.449-457
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• 2020

한국 전통도자에 적용된 식물의 시각적 표현은 우리 민족의 의식과 정서에 기반하고 있으며, 당시 사람들이 추구하던 길상(吉祥)적 염원(念願)과 벽사(辟邪)를 볼 수 있다. 이러한 상징적 표현은 도자의 형과 장식의 표현, 그리고 그들의 융합을 통해 새롭고 다채로운 의미로 확장되어왔다. 본 연구에서는 한국 전통도자에서 보이는 융합표현의 현상을 형과 형, 형과 장식, 그리고 장식과 장식으로 구분해 그것들의 특별한 의미를 분석한다. 이를 위해 한국 전통도자에서 활용된 식물의 형과 장식의 특징을 문헌적 정보를 바탕으로 고찰한다. 2장에서는 의미를 담은 형과 장식의 배경이 되는 식물을 개괄적으로 분석하고 의미를 소개한다. 3장에서는 식물들의 특징과 의미를 기반으로 형과 형, 형과 장식, 장식과 장식의 융합 형태로 구분하고 그들의 융합현상을 통해 새롭게 발현된 의미를 제시한다.

• 복식
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• 제64권6호
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• pp.102-119
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to develop various designs through renewing and changing perception of accessories by examining various and arbitrary Kitsch. For the method of this study, literature review was mainly used for research of formative characteristics in Kitsch fashion. 798 pieces of work from fashion magazines and website with a focus on Milan, Paris, London and New York collections, in the decade of 2000-2010 were collected. The results of this study are as follows. First, the characteristic of exaggeration is classified into two types: the visual exaggeration, which is characterized by psychological expression through excessive images and (2) the collecting exaggeration, which is not simple but a want of large quantities. Second, the characteristic of satire is classified into two types: (1) the imitation-satire, which satirizes messages to societies with creative humor by using easily consumed materials and (2) the resistance-satire, which is destructive and offensive against isolation and desolation of a capitalistic society. Third, the characteristic of amusement is classified into two types: (1) the playful-amusement, which raises a laugh slyly by using clever materials and (2) the childish-amusement, which involves childish imagination and humor-sense because of desire to be a child. Fourth, the characteristic of nostalgia is classified into two types: (1) the romantic character expressing a departure from modern society, which is desolate because of the urbanization process, and (2) the intermediate character recreating an esthetic category by interacting with different and relative elements. Fifth, the characteristic of inappropriateness is expressed through a deliberate mistake, and it denies existing senses of beauty by overturning common sense and creating new senses of beauty, expressions in distortion and modification of stereotype.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.155-178
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• 2009

The ODR can be categorized into four distinctive types. First type is the asynchronous non-demeanour method. Second type is the asynchronous demeanour method. Third type is the synchronous demeanour method. Fourth type is the synchronous demeanour method. A typical example of the asynchronous and non-demeanour method is e-mail. The example of the synchronous and non-demeanour method is tele conference. The example of the asynchronous demeanour method is video recordings. The example of synchronous and demeanour method is video conference. The primary benefit of e-mail is to avoid the physical violence. But the costs of email is the lack of emotional aspects of disputants. The benefits of tele conference is ease of use, and reduces the negative aspects of face to face communication. but the costs are limitation of the exchange of written information. The benefits of video conference is the approximation of face to face communication by providing oral as well as visual communication. but it is insufficient to represent eye contact. The common limitations of ODR are as follows. First is the lack of human face. Second is the neutrality of arbitrators and mediators. Third is the authenticity of electronic document. Fourth is the digital divide across South and North and generations. Fifth is the cross-cultural communication. The development strategy of ODR is the training and education of arbitrators and mediators in the area of writing skill. Furthermore, it is necessary to supplement the weakness of email via diverse kinds of expressions to show emotions. Finally, it is necessary to train neutrals in the area of cross-cultural communication.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.164-173
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• 2013

This study aims to analyze the aesthetic thought and expression tendency appeared in contemporary architecture by looking at today's architectural art based on the concept of the uncanny that Sigmund Freud contended as an aesthetic principle, of the aesthetic concepts tossed around to define the contemporary times in the aesthetics field and discuss the architectural analysis possibility of the concept of the uncanny. The generation structure of the uncanny that generates experiences of fear and surprise is classified into dual structure, trauma, threatening structure, and repetition compulsion. This is the principle that evokes a sense of experiencing subject, incorporates sensibility, and vitalizes internal process. This is also the methodology to organize and structure the concept of the uncanny. When seen from the four factors drawn from the concept of the uncanny and aesthetic expressions, the uncanny expression characteristics of contemporary architecture includes isolation, subversion, trace, absence, oblique line, flotation, concealment, and disturbance. Isolation and subversion refers to producing the space of the pressure of tension and relaxation caused by repression and relief from repression and eliciting the maximum expansion of the sense of space through spatial change. Trace and absence indicates being able to elicit more intense emotions from the experiencing subject by applying the images of alienation and absence in the way to reproduce historical trauma. This happens by implementing the potential value of physical activity. Oblique line and flotation means visual impulse. This happens in the way to visualize uneasy points. This causes uncanny by threatening the survival. Finally, concealment and disturbance refers to creating unpredictable space. The concept of masquerade and maze space composition are applied in the way to activate spatial perception, including space exploration and unintended subject's forced selection. As stated above, the uncanny expression characteristics shown in contemporary architecture can be presented as indicators that are available to analyze the undecided and diversified contemporary architecture aesthetically. In this respect, this study has great significance.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권49호
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• pp.537-561
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• 2017

기계나 로봇은 인류의 실존적인 기반에 질문을 던진다. 기계들은 인간의 사고방식에 영향을 주었으며, 사회철학과 가치체계까지 변화시켜왔다. 이와 동시에 기계들은 줄곧 다양하고, 매력적인 특징들을 함유해왔다. 기계기술의 발전은 인류의 발전이라는 상징적 의미와 동시에 인간 존재를 위협하는 위험성이라는 상징적 의미를 함께 가지고 있다. 이러한 기계의 양가적인 특징들을 현대조각의 키네틱 요소에서도 발견할 수 있다. 필자는 조각적인 작품 중에서도 기계나 기계의 메커니즘을 활용하는 조각에 초점을 맞추었다. 이를 역사적인 발전과정을 통해 검토하였으며, 현대미술의 특정 예시들을 당대의 대표 모델로 논하였다. 본 연구는 키네틱아트와 설치미술 분야에서 두각을 나타내는 두 명의 젊은 동시대 작가인, 최우람(Choe u-ram)과 예페 하인(Jeppe Hein)을 대표모델로 선정하였다. 두 작가는 기계나 기계의 메커니즘을 사용하는 동양과 서양의 작가로서, 두 작가의 표현방식의 차이가 존재한다. 예시로 몇 가지 작품을 제시하고, 비교를 통하여 두 작가의 문화적 차이와 시각 언어의 차이가 나타나는 이유에 대하여 분석하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 글로벌화된 세계에서도 지역적 특징이 항상 남아있음을 결론으로 제시한다.

• 조형예술학연구
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• 제8권
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• pp.211-239
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• 2005

The purpose of this thesis is to explore a common characteristic of the diverse oriental images mainly from the figurative point of view, and apply it to the contemporary expressions and methods of painting. To do that, I separated the concept of figure into two factors - form and image - and then approached and solved the problems of figure by explaining the two factors respectively. Separating form from image is neither to set two factors against each other nor to isolate any of those values. It is worth dividing the form and the image not only because the image of the oriental painting has a figurative value constituted from an external frame of the form, but also because it has a close connection with the meaning that the form holds inside. These are the reasons why I conceptualize the individual language of form and image. Furthermore, I attempted to investigate how those two factors and mutual relations between them make real figurative images under the principle of harmony and coexistence. The theme of this thesis - the figurative aesthetics and its contemporaneity in the oriental paintings is analyzed based on the understanding of 'figure' within the framework of oriental paintings. A research of image from the figurative point of view is valuable in that it criticizes the past method of thinking, and proposes an alternative formula for new way of thinking. In this regard, I indicated the limit of the theory of form-and-spirit that has been one of the most important conceptual theories . Instead, I' accessed to various aesthetic concepts - that are created in the course of image formulation - from the actual figurative point of view, and then even interpreted it as a figurative value of the oriental paintings and it's application within the specific and practical scope. During the course of research, I explored the conceptual elements of the tradition and the principle of figuration. I expect this study to make a footstone for bringing traditional aesthetics to the contemporary context of oriental painting.