• 약학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.180-189
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• 2001

We have reported that water-extracted Korean mistletoe (KM-110) had various biological activities such as antitumor and immunomodulatory activity, and the pectin fraction (KML-C) of the extract was one of major factors related to its biological functions. In this paper, we produced murine monoclonal antibody (mAb) against KML-C. The cAbs obtained were largely classified into two groups according to specificity to KML-C and ML-I, a pectin from European mistletoe. One group mAbs (9H7-D10 and 3C2-lH4) strongly reacted with KML-C, but not ML-I. In contrast, another group cAbs (8Bll-2C5, BE12-3E9 and 5E10-Fl) reacted with both KML-C and ML-1. The subisotypes of these mobs were shown to be IgGl (9H7-lD10, 3C2-lH4 and 8Bll-2C5) or IgM (8E12-3E9 and 5E10-Fl). To develop an assay system for determination of the amount of KML-C, we established the sandwich ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) method using these mAbs and horse radish peroxidase (HRP)-labelled cAbs. In various combinations of the cAbs for coated antibody and detection antibody, the sandwich ELISA quantitatively detected KML-C, showing the detection limit ranging from 7-5,000 ng/ml. Especially reproducibility (C.V) of the sandwich ELISA, in which 8E12-3E9 was used for coating antibody and 8Bll-2C5-HRP for detection antibody, was 4.59-5.83 in intra assay, and 3.9-9.4 in inter assay.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.861-867
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• 2003

Inhibitory effect of the lectins (KML-C) isolated from Korean mistletoe (KM; Viscum album coloratum) on tumor metastases produced by murine tumor cells (B16-BL6 melanoma, colon 26M3.1 carcinoma and L5178Y-ML25 lymphoma cells) was investigated in syngeneic mice. An intravenous (i.v.) administration of KML-C (20-50 ng/mouse) 2 days before tumor inoculation significantly inhibited lung metastases of both B16-BL6 and colon 26-M3.1 cells. The prophylactic effect of 50 ng/mouse of KML-C on lung metastasis was almost the same with that of 100 $\mu$ g/mouse of KM. Treatment with KML-C 1 day after tumor inoculation induced a significant inhibition of not only the experimental lung metastasis induced by B16-BL6 and colon 26M3.1 cells but also the liver and spleen metastasis of L5178Y-ML25 cells. Furthermore, multiple administration of KML-C given at 3 day-intervals after tumor inoculation led to a significant reduction of lung metastasis and suppression of the growth of B16-BL6 melanoma cells in a spontaneous metastasis model. In an assay for natural killer (NK) cell activity. i.v. administration of KML-C (50 ng/mouse) significantly augmented NK cytotoxicity against Yac-1 tumor cells 2 days after KML-C treatment. In addition, treatment with KML-C (50 ng/mouse) induced tumoricidal activity of peritoneal macrophages against B16-BL6 and 3LL cells. These results suggest that KML-C has an immunomodulating activity to enhance the host defense system against tumors, and that its prophylactic and therapeutic effect on tumor metastasis is associated with the activation of NK cells and macrophages.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.529-534
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• 2009

추출용매 및 방법을 달리하여 추출한 겨우살이의 생리활성을 측정하였다. 겨우살이는 microwave 방법으로 물, 50% 에탄올, 100% 에탄올의 용매를 이용하여 추출한 뒤 이의 생리활성을 측정하였다. 총 폴리페놀 함량 측정 시 원재료(slice) 추출물에 비해 분말상태(powder) 추출물의 polyphenol 함량이 높았다. 특히 50% 에탄올 추출구에서 물과 100% 에탄올 추출구보다 높은 함량을 보였다. 전자공여 작용 역시 분말(powder) 상태의 겨우살이 추출물에서 그 활성이 높게 나타났으며, 그 활성은 90% 이상으로 기준물질인 L-ascorbic acid보다 높은 결과를 보였다. 아질산염은 전자공여능과 총 폴리페놀함량과 마찬가지로 원재료(slice)보다분말(powder) 추출구에서 더 높은 소거능을 보였으며, pH의 증가에 따라 점점 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 반면 SOD는 40% 이하의 낮은 활성을 보였으며, tyrosinase 역시 20% 이하로 낮은 결과를 보였다. 결론적으로 겨우살이 추출물은 SOD 유사활성 및 tyrosinase 저해효과는 높지 않지만 우수한 전자공여능과 아질산염 소거능이 있는 것으로 판단되므로 추출 시 시료의 양이나 추출물의 농도를 조금씩 높여준다면 천연 항산화제로서 이용 가능성을 높일 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.409-413
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• 1996

다양한 잡초로부터 유용 생리활성물질을 탐색하고자 46종 잡초의 methanol 추출액을 대상으로 $50{\sim}100\;{\mu}g/ml$ 농도로 실험한 결과, 항균 활성에 있어서는 파리풀, 까실쑥부쟁이, 중머리대가리, 큰엉겅퀴, 부처꽃 등이 antobleb 활성에 있어서는 낙지다리, 밭뚝외풀, 까실쑥부쟁이, 술패랭이꽃 등이 항암활성에 있어서는 파리풀, 골풀, 밭뚝외풀, 까실쑥부쟁이, 술패랭이꽃, 겨우살이 등이 항산화활성에 있어서는 골풀, 물레나물, 청비녀골풀, 금불초, 방울고랭이, 좀고추나물 등이 비교적 강한 활성을 나타내었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.68-76
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• 2004

Mistletoe lectin has been reported to induce apoptosis in different cancer cell lines in vitro and to show antitumor activity against a variety of tumors in animal models. We previously demonstrated the Korean mistletoe lectin (Viscum album var. coloratum, VCA)-induced apoptosis by down-regulation of Bcl-2 and telomerase activity and by up-regulation of Bax through p53- and p21-independent pathway in hepatoma cells. In the present study, we observed the induction of apoptotic cell death through activation of caspase-3 and the inhibition of telomerase activity through transcriptional down-regulation of hTERT in the VCA-treated A253 cells. We also observed the inhibition of telomerase activity and induction of apoptosis resulted from dephosphorylation of Akt in the survival signaling pathways. In addition, combining VCA with the inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) upstream of Akt, wortmannin and LY294002 showed an additive inhibitory effect of telomerase activity. In contrast, the inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), okadaic acid inhibited VCA-induced dephosphorylation of Akt and inhibition of telomerase activity. Taken together, VCA induces apoptotic cell death through Akt signaling pathway in correlated with the inhibition of telomerase activity and the activation of caspase-3. From these results, together with our previous studies, we suggest that VCA triggers molecular changes that resulting in the inhibition of cell growth and the induction of apoptotic cell death of cancer cells, which suggest that VCA may be useful as chemotherapeutic agent for cancer cells.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.10-17
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• 2023

Background: Lipomas are common benign tumors of mesenchymal origin that are composed of mature adipocytes. Giant lipomas have a diameter ≥ 10 cm in one or more dimensions or weigh at least 1,000 g. The surgical excision of a giant lipoma requires extensive dissection, increasing the risk of a seroma, which can cause surgical site complications such as wound infection and necrosis. Sclerotherapy with Abnobaviscum (Viscum album extract) is a relatively new technique used to reduce malignant pleural effusion. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of prophylactic sclerotherapy using Abnobaviscum to decrease seroma after giant lipoma excision. Methods: We conducted a retrospective medical record review of patients who underwent surgical excision for giant lipoma of the neck from January 2019 to December 2022. Sclerotherapy was performed on the first postoperative day in patients who consented to the procedure, and Abnobaviscum was instilled through the existing Hemovac drain. We compared the clinical course between those who underwent postoperative sclerotherapy and those who did not. Results: Among the 30 patients who underwent giant lipoma excision, we applied sclerotherapy with Abnobaviscum to 15 patients. The average time from surgery to Hemovac removal was statistically shorter in patients who underwent sclerotherapy (p= 0.004). Furthermore, seroma formation was significantly reduced in patients receiving sclerotherapy (p= 0.003). Conclusion: In patients undergoing giant lipoma excision, sclerotherapy using Abnobaviscum helps reduce postoperative seroma formation during the initial postoperative period. It can be an excellent method to reduce complications related to seroma and attenuate patients' postoperative burden.

• 대한암한의학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.11-24
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• 2023

Objectives: To report the improvement of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and pantalgia with integrative cancer treatment on adverse effects of chemotherapy in a breast cancer patient. Methods: A 63-year-old female patient who has been diagnosed with breast cancer got treated for 103 days with integrative cancer treatment including acupuncture, moxibustion, herbal medicine, physiotherapies, hand and foot bath to decrease side effects of chemotherapy. The patient was also treated Western immunotherapies like Thymosin, Viscum album. Paclitaxel, Carboplatin, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide was applied and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy(CIPN), pantalgia and nausea occured. The efficacy of treatment was measured by a numeric rating scale(NRS) of symptoms, National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event(NCI-CTCAE) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG) Performance Status Scale. Results: The NRS scroes for CIPN, pantalgia, nausea were improved. There was no adverse effects of 3 or higher assessed by the NCI-CTCAE. The ECOG grade improved from grade 2 to 1. Conclusions: This study suggests that integrative cancer treatment could improve CIPN, pantalgia after chemotherapy in breast cancer.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.170-178
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• 2001

Background: Korean mistletoe (Viscum album) extract has been found to posses immunostimulatory activity. In this study, Korean mistletoe extract, M11C (non-lectin components), was used to know whether this extract might activate mouse peritoneal macrophages to produce interleukin $1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$). Methods: Hemagglutination assay was carried out to examine whether M11C contained a lectin or not. To know the effect of M11C on the production of IL-$1{\beta}$, the macrophages were treated by the M11C, and then collected the supernatant (M11C stimulated macrophages-conditioned media; MMCM). MMCM was analyzed for the IL-$1{\beta}$ quantification and mRNA expression by means of ELISA and RT-PCR, respectively. Results: Maximum effective dose and time of M11C on IL-$1{\beta}$ production from macrophages were $20{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and 8 hours, respectively. This ELISA data was reconfirmed by immunoblotting assay. indicating that M11C is a good candidate for an immunomodulator. The dose and time dependent effects of M11C on the expression of IL-$1{\beta}$ mRNA from macrophages was also shown in expression of mRNA detected by RT-PCR. Treatment dose and time for the maximum expression of IL-$1{\beta}$ mRNA were $20{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and 4 hours, respectively. Maximum gene expression of IL-$1{\beta}$ was much earlier than maximum production of it. Conclusion: As results, Korean mistletoe extract, M11C, may be used for an immunomodulator. This will be able to make up for and solve the problems caused by existent immunoagent with many adverse effects through many other studies in future including one molecule extraction.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2010

겨우살이의 농도를 25 mL/g, 50 mL/g, 100 mL/g로 추출비율을 달리하고, 추출용매로 증류수, 50% EtOH, 100% EtOH를 이용하여 추출한 후 항산화 효과 및 생리활성을 측정하였다. 전자공여 작용 측정 결과 50 mL/g의 비율로 추출한 추출물에서 전자공여능이 모두 높게 나타났고, 특히 50% EtOH 추출물이 93.27%로 비교물질인 L-ascrobic acid보다 높은 항산화 활성을 보였다(p<0.05). SOD 유사활성에서도 50 mL/g의 비율로 추출한 추출물의 활성이 가장 높게 측정되었지만, 모든 추출물이 40%미만의 활성을 보였다(p<0.05). 총 폴리페놀 함량의 경우 25 mL/g, 50 mL/g, 100 mL/g의 비율로 추출한 모든 추출물에서 증류수를 추출용매로 사용하였을 때 가장 많이 함유하고 있었고, 50 mL/g의 비율로 추출한 추출물은 모든 추출용매의 조건에서도 가장 높은 폴리페놀 함량을 나타냈다(p<0.05). 아질산염 소거능을 측정한 결과에서 50% EtOH를 이용한 모든 추출물이 80% 이상의 높은 소거능력을 보였고, 특히 산성조건인 pH 1.2에서 모든 추출물이 가장 높은 소거능을 나타냈다(p<0.05). Tyrosinase 활성 저해능의 경우는 모든 농도의 겨우살이가 10%미만의 매우 낮은 저해 효과를 보였다. 이와 같은 결과를 비추어 볼 때, 겨우살이가 적정의 농도에서 높은 항산화 효과 및 생리활성을 갖고 있으며, 이를 극대화할 수 있는 추출조건을 찾아 천연 항산화제로서의 개발 및 이용이 가능할 것으로 사료되어진다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.845-857
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• 2009

Background and Objectives : Korean mistletoe lectin (Viscum album coloratum agglutinin, VCA) and bee venom (BV) have been reported to induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines in vitro and to show antitumor activity against a variety of tumors in animal models. However, the comparative effect of VCA and BV on the anti-cancer effect and mechanisms of action has not been determined. In this study, the effect in a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, Hep G2 cells, was examined. Methods : Cytotoxic effects of VCA and BV on Hep G2 cells were determined by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in litro. The apoptotic cell death was then confirmed by propidium iodide staining and DNA fragmentation analysis. The mechanisms of action were examined by the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. The involvement of kinase was examined in VCA or BV-induced apoptosis by using kinase inhibitors. Results : VCA and BV killed Hep G2 cells in a time and dose-dependent manner. Treatment of Hep G2 cells with VCA activated poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) known as a marker of apoptosis, and mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathways including MAPK/ERK, p38 MAPK and JNK. BV also activated PARP-1, MAPK/ERK. and p38 MAPK but not JNK. The expression level of anti-apoptotic molecule, Bcl-X, was decreased by VCA treatment but not by BV. Finally, the phosphorylation level of ERM proteins involved in the cytoskeleton homeostasis was decreased by both stimuli. VCA-induced apoptosis was partially inhibited by in the presence of JNK and p38 inhibitor, but BV only by p38 inhibitor. Conclusions : VCA-induced apoptosis is dependent on the activation of p38 and JNK. while BV-induced apoptosis is mediated by p38 activation in Hep G2 cells.