• Title/Summary/Keyword: Virgin Material

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The recycle of titanium scrap by electron beam melting and plasma arc melting process (전자빔용해 및 플라즈마아크용해에 의한 티타늄 스크랩의 재활용)

  • Choi, Good-Sun;Park, Jong-Bum;Oh, Jung-Min;Moon, Young-Hee;Um, Tae-Kyung;Kim, Young-Suk;Kim, Young-Rog
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling Conference
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    • 2006.05a
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    • pp.56-60
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    • 2006
  • In 2005, the imports of titanium metals was about 22.8 million US$(7,700 tons) in Korea. New scrap produced was estimated to be 359 tons and the exports were about 352 tons. Generally scrap is recylced into titanium ingot either with or without virgin metal using traditional vacuum-arc-melting and cold hearth melting. In Korea, there is no titanium ingot producers(recyclers). In this paper, the brief summary of major titanium melting technology, such as vacuum arc remelting(VAR), electron beam melting(EBM), plasma arc melting(PAM) is given and discussed. In view of titanium market situation of Korea, the technological development of ingot production from scrap is big problem to be solved in order to realize extensive cost reduction for titanium products.

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Analysis of Flexural Strength of Seedling Pots Made by a Pulp-Molding Machine under Different Water Contents (펄프 몰드식 육묘포트의 성형조건 및 수분 흡습에 따른 굴곡 하중 특성 분석)

  • Song, D.B.;Jeong, J.W.;Kim, C.H.;Huh, M.R.
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.41 no.4
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    • pp.43-51
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    • 2009
  • Paper mill sludges are discharged around 870,000 M/T annually. Only 30% of the paper mill sludge have been recycled and the rest has been disposed by land fill, incineration, ocean abandonment and other ways. Because of overall prohibition of sludge disposal by London Dumping Convention in 2012, a urgent counter measure for paper mill sludge must be provided. In this paper, some basic experiments were carried out to develop a tray cell pot using paper mill sludge for increasing the recycling potential of the wasted sludge. To establish the manufacturing parameters, the tray cell pots were made with three types of materials including virgin pulp, old news paper and corrugated board mixed in a blend tank of a molding machine. The bending force and moisture content of the produced tray cell pots was measured to confirm the application capability. The tray cell pot could be manufactured under the condition of over 20% of virgin pulp, 40% of old news paper added. However, the corrugated board could not be used because of the glutinous substance included. The produced tray cell pot absorbed water very easily and the bending force decreased rapidly. The waterproof material must be used to applicate the produced tray cell pot in plant growing fields.

A Study on Dynamic Properties of Short-fiber Reinforced Chloroprene Rubber (단섬유 강화 Chloroprene 고무의 동적특성 연구)

  • 이동주;류상렬
    • Composites Research
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.45-50
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    • 2004
  • The dynamic properties of short-fiber reinforced chloroprene rubber with different interphase conditions and fiber contents have been studied as functions of frequency, amplitude and temperature. The loss factor(LF) slightly increased more than 1.33% of strain and the dynamic ratio(DR) rapidly decreased with increasing strain amplitude. The LF rapidly decreased with increasing frequency especially more than 50Hz. The DR showed the lower when it compared to virgin material with increasing frequency. The LF showed the maximum at $65^{\circ}$ and rapidly decreased after that temperature. The DR showed the lower when it compared with virgin rubber with increasing temperature. Generally, the better interphase condition showed the lower LF and DR at the same testing condition. Therefore, the short-fiber reinforced rubber could have the better isolation when the frequency ratio is more than $\sqrt{2}$ compared with frequency ratio less than $\sqrt{2}$.

A Study on the costume Styles of Femme Fatale in Film Noir - focused on < Double Indemnity(1944) > - (필름 느와르에 나타난 팜므 파탈의 복식유형 연구 - <이중배상(1944)>을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Hye-Jeong
    • Journal of Fashion Business
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.1-15
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    • 2011
  • Femme Fatale in Film Noir is a wicked woman character who seduces the male partner to a ruin. In the film, the dress style is of extreme importance for the personality creation of the character as well as the development of the plot. With this background, I have looked over the Femme Fatale dress style that appears in the movie . First, it expresses Femme Fatale which stresses the feminine trait by a dress style with enlarged chest and hip parts and long, slim silhouette with tight waist and knee line. Second, the Femme Fatale with pretended purity presents narcissistic satisfaction like a saint virgin by wearing a neck-high one-piece dress embellished with frills, but the use of mirror represents self-alienation and the vanity of purity. Third, the Femme Fatale with its military dress style presents authoritative sternness which leads seduced male into ruin with its destructive power. Fourth, wearing jersey type or knitted wear that sticks to the body presents sensual Femme Fatale. Fifth, the tulle, chiffon, and white handkerchief used for the creation of grotesque Femme Fatale represents harmlessness and prohibition of immoral behavior, and the black gloves, pillbox, and the number on the tulle present her uneasy psychological state from the fear of being discovered after murdering her husband. On the other hand, the see-through tulle presents alluring sensual beauty. Sixth, the combination of the dialogue in the final sequence and drapery type as in Greek goddess represents the saint virgin of salvation who acknowledges her own fault and returns to her purity again. In addition, accessories and others made from shining material represent hidden conspiracy through simple dress and contradictory dynamics, and shoes embellished with bonbon, etc represent sexual implications in connection with male.

Study on the Strength Characteristics of PP and ABS According to the Ratio of Recycled Resin (재사용 수지 비율에 따른 PP, ABS의 강도 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Jun-Han Lee;Jong-Sun Kim
    • Design & Manufacturing
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.57-63
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    • 2024
  • In this study, the recyclability of commonly used PP (polypropylene) and ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) was evaluated by molding test specimens from mixture of virgin and shredded material, followed by measuring their strength properties, Experiments were conducted o two type of PP (transparent and non-transparent) and two types of ABS (white and yellow). Test specimens for each resin were prepared with shredded material ratios ranging from 10% to 50% in 10% increments. Changes in tensile strength, elastic modulus, and elastic limit were analyzed based on the mixing ratio of the shredded material. The experimental results demonstrated that the strength properties of all the resins remained consistent within a certain range, even with increasing proportions of shredded material. For transparent PP, the tensile strength ranged from 30.87± MPa, the elastic modulus from 1.23±0.04 GPa, and the elastic limit from 19.17±0.44%. Non-transparent PP exhibited a tensile strength ranging from 27.71±0.58 MPa, an elastic modulus from 1.03±0.06 GPa, and an elastic limit from 17.35±0.41%. For ABS, white ABS had a tensile strength of 39.42±0.28 MPa, an elastic modulus of 1.94±0.01 GPa, and an elastic limit of 36.76±0.25%. Yellow ABS showed a tensile strength of 39.25±0.78 MPa, an elastic modulus of 1.94±0.01 GPa, and an elastic limit of 37.14±0.23%, with values remaining consistent within this range. Based on these results, it was confirmed that the mechanical properties of the resins used in this study do not change significantly when mixed with recycled shredded material, indicating excellent mechanical recyclability.

The Fluidity of the Recycled Thermoplastic Elastomer on the Injection Molding process (사출성형공정에서 엘라스토머 재생재의 유동성)

  • No, B.S.;Han, S.R.;Jeong, Y.D.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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    • 2007.05a
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    • pp.179-182
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    • 2007
  • In recent, recycling of plastic material has became a major issue due to the landfills and environmental problem. This study investigated fluidity of thermoplastic vulcanizate(TPV), which is for automobile component parts such as weather strip in order to replace ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM). So, using the spiral flow test mold and panel cover mold, we conducted an experiment on fluidity of TPV with injection molding. As results of injection molding experiment, the recycled TPV's flow length was a little bit longer than virgin TPV and a case of panel cover, the filled weight was almost same quantity.

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The Weatherability and Chemical Resistance of CFRP (탄소섬유판 복합재료의 내후성/내화학성에 관한 연구)

  • 최영철;윤희석
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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    • 2002.05a
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    • pp.151-154
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    • 2002
  • The durability of two kinds of CFRP plates, carbon/UP and carbon/V, was studied under severe environmental conditions. Immersion into the chemical solutions and accelerated weathering were executed on the CFRP plates and the weight change under each condition was measured. After those treatments, the plates were tested by tensile testing machine to measure the mechanical properties and observed by SEM to find the damage behaviour of the surface. Comparing the virgin plates and the chemically exposed plates, both plates show severe deterioration of the mechanical properties. But, the plates subjected to alkali solution show much larger reduction than those of acidic solution and carbon/V has better chemical resistance than carbon/UP. The material properties of CFRP plate exposed to the weathering were deteriorated linearly proportional to the exposure time.

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A study on Sustainability Model of Waste Management Using System Dynamics (시스템 다이내믹스를 이용한 페기물관리시스템의 지속가능성 분석모델에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Rhae;Cha, Gun-Ho
    • Korean System Dynamics Review
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.89-123
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    • 2004
  • Using materials recovered from the waste stream instead of virgin resources as a raw material in manufacturing has great environmental and economic benefits. However, there is lack of public interest in needs for integrated waste management and its relevant facilities, because of NIMBY syndrome, This article has proposed a system dynamics model for the study of the potential and systemic consequences of resource circulation management system(RCMS) policy for a Sudokwon landfill site in Korea. The results of the study indicate that the effects of RCMS are seen continuously to increase in term with both the community welfare level and the resource and energy level. Moreover the effects of RCMS appear sharply in the first half of the simulation period.

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Stress Analysis of the Micro-structure Considering the Residual Stress (잔류응력을 고려한 미세구조물의 강도해석)

  • 심재준;한근조;안성찬;한동섭
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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    • 2002.05a
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    • pp.820-823
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    • 2002
  • MEMS structures Generally have been fabricated using surface-machining, but the interface failure between silicon substrate and evaporated thin film frequently takes place due to difference of linear coefficient of thermal expansion. Therefore this paper studied the effect of the residual stress caused by variable external loads. This study did not analyzed accurate quantity of the residual stress but trend for the effect of residual stress. Several specimens were fabricated using other material(Al, Au and Cu) and thermal load was applied. The residual stress was measured by nano-indentation using AFM. The results showed the existence of the residual stress due to thermal load. The indentation area of the thermal loaded thin film reduced about 3.5% comparing with the virgin thin film caused by residual stress. The finite element analysis results are similar to indentation test.

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Characterization of Polyolefin Bumper Recycled by Chemical Removal Method using Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (화학적 박리방법과 ESPI에 의한 재생된 폴리올레핀 범퍼수지의 물성평가)

  • 김현경;강기수;김경석;홍진후
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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    • 1997.10a
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    • pp.295-298
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    • 1997
  • Recycl ing of PP/EPR based bumper coated with polyester urethane paint has been per formed by chemical decoating method. Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESP11 has been applied to characterize the deformation of polyolef in based bumper. In additon, physical properties and processability of recycled materials have been investigated by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, impact test and melt flower index measurement. The results show that the deformation ratio of recycled material is higher than that of virgin one. The morphological change of EPR, degree of distribution and dispersion during the recycling process seem to be the most important factor for the deformation and the mechanical properties of recycled materials. The experimental results obtained show that ESPI is very powerful technique to study the thermal mechanical property of polyolefin bumper system.

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