• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.164-175
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 지상파와 케이블TV에서 방영되는 프로그램의 폭력성에 대해 어떠한 심의가 행해졌는지를 탐색하는데 있다. 이에 따라 지상파방송과 케이블TV를 통해 방영된 프로그램들 중 내용과 표현이 폭력성 관련 심의규정을 위반하여 제재를 받은 사례들을 대상으로 폭력성 관련 심의규정 위반 및 이에 따른 제재에 초점을 맞춰 폭력성 위반제재 현황을 분석하였다. 또한 미디어별에 따른 심의 차별화를 확인하기 위해 미디어별 분석도 실행하였다. 분석결과 폭력성 위반에 대해 권고와 주의에 치중되는 제재가 내려져 중징계보다는 경징계로 더 많이 처리된 것으로 나타났다. 미디어별로 살펴보면 지상파보다 케이블TV가 더 많은 중징계를 받은 것으로 분석되었다. 지상파와 케이블TV 모두 36조를 가장 많이 위반하였다. 그러나 26조, 37조, 38조를 제외한 36조, 39조, 51조 위반에 대해 지상파와 케이블TV에 가장 많이 가해진 제제수위는 상이한 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2014

폭력물에 대한 사회적 영향을 고려하여 본 연구는 방송 프로그램에서의 폭력에 대한 재제가 어떠한지를 분석하였다. 폭력에는 물리적 폭력과 맥락적 폭력이 포함된다. 따라서 본 연구는 지상파방송과 케이블TV에서 방영된 프로그램들 중 폭력적인 내용과 표현으로 인해 심의제재를 받은 위반사례들을 대상으로 물리적 맥락적 폭력에 대한 제재를 살펴보고 이를 미디어별로 분석하였다. 이를 위해 방송통신심의위원회의 심의사례를 분석한 결과, 물리적 측면에서는 폭력행위에, 맥락적 측면에서는 폭력동기에 가장 많은 제재가 행해진 것으로 파악되었다. 미디어별로 살펴보면 물리적 폭력위반의 경우 지상파는 권고, 주의, 경고의 순으로 케이블TV는 주의, 권고, 경고의 순으로 제재가 많이 의결되었다. 맥락적 폭력에 대해 제재는 지상파는 주의, 경고, 권고의 순으로 케이블TV는 경고, 주의, 권고의 순으로 많아 다소 상이한 양상이 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 방송 프로그램의 폭력성에 대한 제재현황을 확인할 수 있을 것이다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.337-342
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• 2017

Background: Workplace violence (WPV) against healthcare workers (HCWs) employed in psychiatric inpatient wards is a serious occupational issue that involves both staff and patients; the consequences of WPV may include increased service costs and lower standards of care. The purpose of this review was to evaluate which topics have been focused on in the literature and which are new in approaching the concern of patient violence against HCWs employed in psychiatric inpatient wards, in the past 20 years. Methods: We searched for publications in PubMed and Web of Science using selected keywords. Each article was reviewed and categorized into one or more of the following four categories based on its subject matter: risk assessment, risk management, occurrence rates, and physical/nonphysical consequences. Results: Our search resulted in a total of 64 publications that matched our inclusion criteria. The topics discussed, in order of frequency (from highest to lowest), were as follows: "risk assessment," "risk management," "occurrence rates," and "physical/nonphysical consequences." Schizophrenia, young age, alcohol use, drug misuse, a history of violence, and hostile-dominant interpersonal styles were found to be the predictors of patients' violence. Conclusion: Risk assessment of violence by patients appeared the way to effectively minimize the occurrence of WPV and, consequently, to better protect mental HCWs. We found paucity of data regarding psychologic sequelae of WPV. According to these findings, we suggest the need to better investigate the psychologic consequences of WPV, with the aim of checking the effective interventions to assist HCW victims of violence and to prevent psychologic illness.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.107-111
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• 2010

This paper provided a brief summary of the current strategic goals, activities, and impacts of the NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) occupational injury research program. Three primary drivers (injury database, stakeholder input, and staff capacity) were used to define NIOSH research focuses to maximize relevance and impact of the NIOSH injury-prevention-research program. Injury data, strategic goals, program activities, and research impacts were presented with a focus on prevention of four leading causes of workplace injury and death in the US: motor vehicle incidents, falls, workplace violence, and machine and industrial vehicle incidents. This paper showcased selected priority goals, activities, and impacts of the NIOSH injury prevention program. The NIOSH contribution to the overall decrease in fatalities and injuries is reinforced by decreases in specific goal areas. There were also many intermediate outcomes that are on a direct path to preventing injuries, such as new safety regulations and standards, safer technology and products, and improved worker safety training. The outcomes serve as an excellent foundation to stimulate further research and worldwide partnership to address global workplace injury problems.

• 한국아동복지학
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• 제55호
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• pp.87-111
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• 2016

본 연구는 13세미만 아동의 법정 증언과 관련해 특히 영상매체를 통한 전문 진술이 재판에서 아동인권보호 측면에서 어떻게 이루어지고 있는지 살펴보고 본 제도의 정책적 개선방안을 찾고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 목적을 위해 판례의 분석은 사실관계에 따라 분석하면서 판례의 내용에 따라 분석하였다. 내용의 분석은 13세미만 아동성폭력 판례들 중 판결의 주요 쟁점사항을 질적 분석하였다. 구체적으로 아동의 간접 진술인 영상매체를 통한 전문 진술을 법적 쟁점 사항으로 다루고 있는 판례들을 선별하여 영상매체의 증거능력의 유무 및 그 증거능력의 신빙성(증명력)을 살펴보면서 국제기준인 유엔아동권리협약(United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child)을 통해 아동인권보호를 위한 체계적 대안을 마련하고자 하였다. 그 결과 13세미만 아동의 성폭력 재판에서 영상매체에 대한 증거능력 및 증명력판단에 전문적 지표를 만들어 재판에 활용하여 법관의 재량에 의한 판단을 축소할 것과 아동의 전문 진술에 대한 대질심문 적용범위와 관련한 규정을 신설할 것을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 판례를 통해 아동의 인권이 성인에 비해 재판에서 취약한 근거를 살펴 법률 정책의 개선방안을 살펴봄에 그 의미가 있다. 그러나 본 연구는 공개된 판례에 한정하여 판례를 선별하여 연구를 살펴 볼 수밖에 없는 연구의 한계점이 존재하고 있음을 밝힌다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.129-143
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the current status of school safety education and the differences in knowledge and practice of middle school students. Methods: A structured questionnaire was distributed to 418 middle school students in J province. The questionnaires consisted of 35 questions on the status of school safety education as well as the four school safety education domains of first aid, disaster safety, traffic safety, and daily life. Data were analyzed using frequency analysis, cross-tabulation analysis, a t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlations. Results: Awareness regarding the top seven standards for school safety and interest in school safety education were both relatively low. Among all the different kinds of safety accidents, those related to school violence(33.8%) and life safety(24.9%) were experienced the most in school. A more pleasant school life and better peer relationships led to interest in school safety(p=.000)(p=.000), awareness regarding the top seven standards for school safety(p=.022)(p=.009), adoption of coping measures(p=.000)(p=.000), and practice(p=.000)(p=.000) in case of safety accidents(p=.000)(p=.000). Conclusion: To increase awareness regarding the seven standards for school safety education and raise interest in safety education, it is necessary to cultivate experts and actively utilize them and to prepare systematic and continuous school safety education programs.

• 영어영문학
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.61-76
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• 2018

This essay examines Toni Morrison's African-American characters' struggle in The Bluest Eye (1970) and Home (2012) through the lens of heteronormativity, arguing that they suffer double victimization due to both their race and gender. The Bluest Eye portrays a family tragedy caused by an African-American husband and wife's failure to live up to images of gender as represented in white, middle-class media. Written forty-two years later, Home describes an African-American man and woman who establish their own lives away from gendered standards after striving to meet social expectations and becoming traumatized in the process. Their adversities stem not only from the deeply rooted racial discrimination in American society but also from subtle gendered norms implanted by heteronormativity. Morrison's characters in her earlier narrative face a tragic denouement, ultimately destroying their children's lives. By contrast, Morrison's later characters explore more utopian ways of life unfettered by heteronormativity, overcoming hardships imposed by white-centered heteronormal society. By portraying socially victimized characters, Toni Morrison problematizes the power behind the discriminatory nature of heteronormativity and suggests a more gender-neutral, egalitarian way of organizing society, free from the constraints of heterosexuality and from violence created by normalized gender rules.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2016

본 연구는 2015년 교육부에서 발표한 "학교 안전교육 7대 표준안"을 기준으로 학생 안전체험교육시설 구축을 위한 체험형 안전교육프로그램 도출을 목적으로 진행되었다. 이를 위해 안전체험교육시설의 개념을 조작적으로 정의하였고, "학교 안전교육 7대 표준안"의 총 758차시에 대한 구성 체계 및 학습내용을 분석하여 7대 안전 분야별 전문가를 대상으로 2차에 걸쳐 전문가조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 1차 전문가 조사를 통해서는 총 758차시의 교육내용 중 체험형 안전교육프로그램을 총 150차시로 선정되었고, 선정된 프로그램의 타당성 검증을 위해 2차 전문가 조사를 델파이 기법을 통해 진행한 결과 총 5차시의 프로그램이 삭제되어 최종 145차로 결정되었다. 분야별 구체적인 프로그램 차시는 생활안전 분야 21차시, 교통안전 분야 22차시, 폭력 신변안전 분야 18차시, 약물 사이버중독 분야 5차시, 재난안전 분야 36차시, 직업안전 분야 10차시, 응급처치 분야 33차시로 선정되었다.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2015

During the education reform in 2009, the Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine (CUMC) adopted body systems as the basis for structuring basic medical education. After running the new program for 5 years, we need to evaluate the program by comparing it with nationwide standards. This study was designed to evaluate the coverage of our basic medical education program by comparing it with the assessment items of the medical licensing examination for physicians in the Republic of Korea. We built a relational database populated with 3,017 learning outcomes from all the courses on basic medical education. We tagged each learning outcome according to 2 criteria: 206 physician encounters and 9 outcome domains. A majority of the learning outcomes were in the domains of 'knowledge' and 'critical thinking'. In addition, we repeated the categorization process with 584 assessment items of the medical licensing examination in the Republic of Korea and compared them with the categorization results of the learning outcomes. Among the 206 physician encounters, we found that outcomes on family violence and sexual violence were missing in the learning outcomes of CUMC. Eighty-two physician encounters were associated with more than one outcome domain, and 96 physician encounters were covered in more than one course. Twenty-one physician encounters were repeated in 5 or more courses and 34 physician encounters had outcomes categorized into 3 or more domains. Thus, we showed that the 2-way categorization could be applied to the comparison and evaluation of two different education formats.

• 의료법학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.331-393
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• 2010

Psychiatrists who treat violent or potentially violent patients may be sue for failure to control aggressive outpatients and for the discharge of violent inpatients. Psychiatrists may be sued for failing to protect society from the violent acts of their patients if it was reasonable for the psychiatrists to have known or should have known about the patient's violent tendencies and if the psychiatrists could have done something that could have safeguarded in public. The courts of a number of jurisdictions have imposed a duty to protect the potential victims of a third party on persons or institutions with a special relationship to that party. In the landmark case of Tarasoff v Regents of University of California, the California Supreme Court held that the special relationship between a psychotherapist and a patient imposes on the therapist a duty to act reasonably to protect the foreseeable victims of the patient. Under Tarasoff, when a therapist has determined, or under applicable professional standards should determine, that a patient poses a serious threat of violence to another, he incurs an obligation to use reasonable care to protect the intended victim against such danger. In addition to a Tarasoff type of action based on a duty to warn or protect foreseeable victims of psychiatric outpatients, courts have also imposed liability on mental health care providers based on their custody of patients known to have violent propensities. The legal duty in such a case has been stated to be that where the course of treatment of a mental patient involves an exercise of "control" over him by a physician who knows or should know that the patient is likely to cause bodily harm to others, an independent duty arises from that relationship and falls on the physician to exercise that control with such reasonable care as to prevent harm to others at the hands of the patient. After going through a period of transition, from McIntosh, Thompson and Brady case, finally, the narrow rule of requiring a specific or foreseeable threat of violence against a specific or identifiable victim is the standard threshold or trigger element in the majority of states. Judgements on these kinds of cases are not enough yet in Korea, so that it may be too early to try find principles in these cases, however it is hardly wrong to read the same reasons of Tarasoff in the judgements of Korea district courts. To specific, whether a psychiatric institute was liable for violent behavior toward others depends upon the patients conditions, circumstances and the extent of the danger the patients poses to others; in short, the foreseeability of a specific or identifiable victim. In this context if a patient exhibit strong violent behavior toward others, constant observation should be required. Negligence has been found not exist, however, when a patient abruptly and unexpectedly attack others or unidentifiable victim. And the standard of conduct that is required to meet the obligation of "due care" is based on what the "reasonable practitioner" would do in like circumstances. The standard is not one of excellence or superior practice; it only requires that the physician exercise that degree of skill and care that would be expected of the average qualified practitioner practicing under like circumstances. All these principles have been established in cases of the U.S.A and Japan. In this article you can find the reasons which you can use for psychotherapist's liability for failure to protect third person in Korea as practitioner.