• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.30
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• pp.73-95
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper look at the basis of the cultural differences of Korea and Japan by comparing the view about the death. Firstly, in terms of language to express the death, Korea can be summarized 'doragada (go back) Japan can be summarized sayonara(goodbye). Koreans' view about the death is that life and death are not separated and death is the start of another life not the end of existence through 'doragada' Japanese accept death as the order of the universe and the order of nature with resignation. At this time resignation means that Japanese accept the sad feeling to sublimate aesthetically while mourning the death Secondly The view about the death of Sunbee in the Joseon era and Japanese Samurai who were the traditional ideal figures is compared. The Sunbee dies from a justification and the Samurai die from the honor on the other hand. Unconditionally, the sunbee was not loyal to an individual but they thought significantly of the fidelity about the joint value. Unlike this, Japanese Samurai laid stress on the loyalty toward their lord and sacrifice. They selected the death conclusively when this fidelity was suspected. Thirdly the view about the death of Korea and Japan is summarized to the aesthetics of the survival and the aesthetics of the death. Korean saw the death negatively and regard exceedingly the extension of life, they preceded to survive in all kinds of difficulties. On the contrary, Japanese see it positively. They beautified the death and sublimated with the aesthetics. they pursue the nature of the life through the death. Finally, the basic difference of the korean and Japanese culture originate from the view about the death that is, the difference of the values about the life and death.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.31-82
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was development of a synthetic scale to measure young adults' views of life and death. Participants were 610 university students. The authors developed a View of Life and Death Scale including several subscales of afterlife views(belief in afterlife and retribution, belief in souls' effects and transmigration), meanings of death(liberation, nature, integration, collapse, impact, futility), death anxiety, death concern(death acceptance, death awareness) and life respect will(suicide inhibition, abortion inhibition, organ donation intention). The present study contributed to enhance our understanding of view of life and death in young adulthood. This study, therefore, could work as a stepping stone to investigate the structural relationship among elements included in views of life and death in young adulthood and to explore the consequences and determinants of personal view of life and death.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.325-336
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between self-esteem and the view of the afterlife of the elderly by focusing on mediating effects of positive satisfaction and death preparation. Therefore, this study emphasizes the importance of the rest of life and contributes as exploratory research toward strengthening the psychological and emotional well-being of the elderly. After using a structural equation model, we found that self-esteem influenced their view of the afterlife through mediating effects such as positive satisfaction and the level of death preparation. The results of this study will present not only in recovering from death anxiety through an understanding of the level of death preparation and, the view of the afterlife but also in the development of practical intervention materials, which can be useful in social work for the elderly. The elderly's view of the afterlife should be strengthened according to the educational programs on death preparation that deal with the existence of the afterlife and life after death. However, this study has the limitation that only people living in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province and not in the other areas of the country were considered in this research. Nevertheless, within its limitation, this study's findings are promising, as they contribute to our understanding of the view of life and death of the elderly; further, the study has academic meaning with respect to helping the elderly successfully carry out their life development tasks and significantly prepare for the rest of their life.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.139
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• pp.239-263
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• 2016

Today manny contemporaries struggle to live because they disregard essential matters and indulge in materialism. They should not pursue wealth and prosperity and ought to find true meaning of life by studying death where one can reveal the essence of life. Zhuang Zi transcended death. His view of death is magnificent. This dissertation has ruminated on how contemporaries live and established righteous view of life and death on the basis of that. In addition, this study has researched what implications his view of death suggests to us today. There is no study as good as death. There is no great teacher as good as death in life. Studying death is studying a life. We can find life meaning and value through death. The matter of death is prone to be thought that a solution can be got only though existing religions. However, when it comes to Zhuang Zi's death, the matter of death can be resolved, not relying on religions. Zhuang Zi has played a role of our taking death in a positive way and relieving the fear of death. He has taught us that it is well off to adapt to the change of nature, leading to meeting our death in comfort.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.241-256
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• 2009

This survey of children's perceptions and experiences of death was conducted with 118 6th-grade elementary school children in Seoul. Data consisted of responses to questionnaires in three categories : (1) perceptions of death, (2) views of afterlife, and (3) death-related experiences (life, education, and media). Results showed that children had negative emotions (61.8%) such as fear and anxiety about death. Children's attitudes about suicide were sympathetic (34.5%) as well as critical (53.7%). There was no relation between religion and view of afterlife. Finally, children experienced death more through mass media (TV, internet, etc.) than through life experience or death education. This study suggests the necessity for death education and warns of negative effects of media and games.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.155-165
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• 2013

Koreans' traditional view on death has been much influenced by Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, and shamanism since ancient times. Confucianism emphasizes the importance of the real life in this world and highly praises doing good deeds for the family and the community. It also praises people who are enlightened by education and self-discipline. Confucian scholars admit that death cannot be understood by rational thinking although it is unavoidable as a cosmic order. Taoism sees life as the same entity as death; Both are two different aspects of the same cosmos or the wholeness. However, the disciples of Taoism became much interested in a long life and well being that may be achieved by harmonizing with the cosmic order. Buddhism thinks that death and life are an "illusion". It says that people can be enlightened by recognizing the fact that "Nothing is born and nothing is dying in this world. Everything is the product of your mind occupied with false belief." However, secular Buddhists believe in the afterlife and metempsychosis of the soul. This belief is sometimes connected with the view of the traditional shamanism. Shamanism dichotomizes the world between "this world" and "that world". After death, the person's soul travels to "that world", where it may influence life of people who reside in "this world". And shamans who are spiritual beings living in "this world" mediate souls and living people. In conclusion, there are various views and beliefs regarding death, which are influenced by a number of religions and philosophies. They should be seriously considered when making a medical decision regarding the end of patients' life.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.109-123
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationships between views on suicide, death, and life and lifetime suicidal attempts in the Korean context. Methods: Multiple logistic regression model was tested using data from Korean General Social Survey of 2009. We utilized the nationally representative survey data obtained via multistage stratified area probability sampling design from 1,599 respondents aged ${\geq}18$ years. Results: The proportion of lifetime suicidal attempts was 12.1% of entire sample in Korea. Some components of views on suicide and death influenced significantly on lifetime suicidal attempts after adjusting for demographic and health-related factors. The positive view on suicide(OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.62-0.94), the naturalistic view on afterlife(OR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.67-0.99) and death concern(OR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.55-0.83) were risk factors of lifetime suicidal attempts. In contrast, the social responsibility view on suicide(OR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.00-1.37) and the transcendental view on afterlife(OR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.02-1.54) lowered the risk. Conclusions: Practical implications of the findings were discussed exploring policy evidences to screen high risk groups out and to reframe educational programs for suicide prevention. Strategic health messages need to be developed and transmitted for prevention of suicide.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.492-503
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of spiritual wellbeing year to prepare for death, and attitudes afterlife view. In addition, the purpose of this study is to form a correct attitude toward the death to develop the practical skills and interventions to alleviate death anxiety, to live the life of a satisfactory old age. Main results are as follows First, a sense of spiritual well prepared even death afterlife view and the analysis of the impact on attitudes toward death significantly (P<.001) showed that differences appeared unaffected. Second, afterlife view death readiness and spiritual wellbeing is a result of analyzing the relative importance of the impact of differences in attitudes toward death (P<.001) in that there is a statistically significant effect relationship in 99.9% confidence level It appeared. That death is also ready, exerts an influence on the sense of spiritual well the attitude of the order of death, afterlife view appeared as a variable that does not significantly affected if the other two variables influence. Third, after the death that included demographic variables readiness, afterlife view and spiritual wellbeing is having an economic level differences only result of analyzing the impact (p<.05) in a statistically significant negative effect on attitudes to death It appeared. So that the death readiness, spiritual well influenced to relieve the sense of death anxiety as a part of influencing the quality of life of the elderly it was identified in this study. Thus the meaning of the present study is meant I was able to verify that it can solve the anxiety about the death positively.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.572-580
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• 2012

Purpose: This study examined factors influencing death anxiety in the middle aged. Method: This was a descriptive survey study. Data were collected from September to October, 2011, from 410 middle- aged adults. The questionnaires solicited information on death anxiety, health behavior, depression, life satisfaction, and family function. Analysis of data was performed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Average scores were 2.53 for death anxiety, 3.02 for health behavior, 4.44 for depression, 10.13 for life satisfaction, and 3.77 for family function. Statistically significant negative correlations were observed between health behavior and death anxiety, life satisfaction and death anxiety, and family function and death anxiety. However, from the statistical point of view the correlation between depression and death anxiety was a significantly positive. In addition, statistically significant positive correlations were observed between depression and death anxiety. Depression, life satisfaction, and family function were significant predictors of death anxiety. Conclusion: Multilateral nursing intervention is needed for maintenance of the health of middle aged adults.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.611-632
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• 2012

Beckett's life-long struggling with death may be illuminated in terms of the Western tradition of thanatology as well as Philippe Ariès's anthropological classification of death. Among the Western tradition, Beckett's oeuvre incarnates memento mori, timor mori, nihilism, theatrum mundi, life as afterlife, and the transsubstantiation of the self. Among the five views of death Ariès suggests, Beckett appears to foreground the death of the self and the invisible dirty death. In a world devoid of transcendental Signified, Beckett's resident is "a poor player/That struts and frets his hour upon the stage." Our contemporary vision of death is dominated by the dirty death and timor mori resurrected from the cultural icon of danse macabre in the late Mediaeval age as vividly dramatized in W;t by Margaret Edson. Beckett stands in no man's land: Lucky complains of divine aphathia as well as scopes at the possibility of God's existence like Hamm. Beckett's way of getting out of the dilemma is laughing a mirthless and dianoetic laugher. To bourgeois class who shudder at the sight of Grim Death after forgettable years of indulgence and addiction to capitalist consumption, Beckett seems to preach, your life is a death-in-life, you are not born yet until you are baptized with existential awakening as Gregor Samsa in Kafka's Verwandlung, or Tolstoy in Confession.