• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.209-213
• /
• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of V. parahaemolyticus in Incheon adjacent sea, and anti-microbial effect on growth of V. parahaemolyticus in organic acid. The detected strains were compared for geography, months and sample types. V. parahaemolyticus was detected form 28.5 percent of 287 samples collected from Incheon area, and 34.7 percent of 91 samples collected in the months of July through September, and 24.7 percent of 279 shellfish samples respectively. The minimun inhibitory concentration(MIC) of organic acid in V. parahaemolyticus were 1,250ppm at propionic acid, citric acid and acetic acid, 2,500ppm at vanillic acid, respectively. MICs of combined treatment of acetic acid and vanillic acid, citric acid and vanillic acid, propionic acid and vanillic acid were 1,250 ppm. MICs of combined treatment of citric acid and acetic acid, propionic acid and acetic acid, propionic acid and citric acid was 12.5ppm. The antimicrobial effect of organic acid in V. parahaemolyticus was confirmed from the result of this experiment.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제50권6호
• /
• pp.662-668
• /
• 2017

This study investigated the antimicrobial resistance patterns of Escherichia coli and Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from oysters Crassostrea gigas, short-necked clams Ruditapes philippinarum and corb shells Cyclina sinensis from the West Coast of Korea from June through November 2013. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolated strains of E. coli and V. parahaemolyticus to 12 antimicrobial agents used in Korea for clinical or veterinary therapy were analyzed. Antimicrobial resistance to at least one antibiotic was seen in 52.0% of the E. coli isolates (156 strains) and 44.3% of the V. parahaemolyticus isolates (194 strains). The resistance of the E. coli (34.0%) and V. parahaemolyticus (41.8%) isolates to ampicillin was highest. Multiple antimicrobial resistance against at least three antimicrobials was seen in 9.0% of the E. coli isolates and 1.0% of the V. parahaemolyticus isolates.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제25권9호
• /
• pp.463-472
• /
• 2022

In this study, a microbial risk assessment was performed for the bacteria Vibrio parahaemolyticus, which causes a foodborne illness following the consumption of Jeotgal, a fermented seafood in South Korea. The assessment comprised of six stages: product, market, home, consumption, dose-response, and risk. The initial contamination level (IC) was calculated based on the prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus in 90 Jeotgal samples. The kinetic behavior of V. parahaemolyticus was described using predictive models. The data on transportation conditions from manufacturer to market and home were collected through personal communication and from previous studies. Data for the Jeotgal consumption status were obtained, and an appropriate probability distribution was established. The simulation models responding to the scenario were analyzed using the @RISK program. The IC of V. parahaemolyticus was estimated using beta distribution [Beta (1, 91)]. The cell counts during transportation were estimated using Weibull and polynomial models [δ = 1 / (0.0718 - 0.0097 × T + 0.0005 × T²)], while the probability distributions for time and temperature were estimated using Pert, Weibull, Uniform, and LogLogistic distributions. Daily average consumption amounts were assessed using the Pareto distribution [0.60284,1.32,Risk Truncate(0,155)]. The results indicated that the risk of V. parahaemolyticus infection through Jeotgal consumption is low in South Korea.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.704-710
• /
• 2016

본 연구는 여름철 식중독의 주원인균으로 알려져 있는 Vibrio parahaemolyticus와 Vibrio vulnificus를 대상으로 마늘식초와 차 추출물을 이용해 제조한 생선회용 소스의 항균활성을 평가하고, 실제 생선회에 적용 시켰을 때의 관능특성을 평가하기 위해 수행되었다. 제작한 생선회용 소스는 시판 간장, 고추장과 비교했을 때 V. parahaemolyticus와 V. vulnificus에 대해 생육저해환을 생성하며 항균활성을 지니고 있음을 보여주었으며, 두 균주의 생육을 저해하였다. 또한 생선회에서도 생선회용 소스가 살균효과를 나타내는지 확인하기 위해 고추장-생선회용 소스, 간장-생선회용 소스로 제작하여 광어회에 적용시켰을 때에도 두 균주의 생육을 뚜렷하게 저해하였음을 보여주었다. 생선회용 소스를 실생활에서 회를 섭취할 때 쉽게 수용할 수 있을지 알아보기 위해 관능평가를 실시한 결과, 고추장-생선회용 소스 및 간장-생선회용 소스가 시판 고추장 및 간장에 비해 전체적으로 높은 점수를 얻음으로써 선호도가 높은 경향을 보였다. 이 중 고추장-생선회용 소스는 조직감 측면에서 유의적으로 우수하다는 평가를 받았으며, 간장-생선회용 소스는 외관, 조직감, 향미, 맛, 종합 기호도 등 모든 측면에서 유의적으로 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로부터 마늘식초와 차추출물로 제작한 생선회용 소스는 V. parahaemolyticus와 V. vulnificus에 대해 효과적인 살균력을 갖는 것으로 확인되었으며, 간장과 고추장에 활용할 경우 그 항균활성으로 인해 생선회 섭취로 인한 식중독을 예방할 뿐만 아니라 소비자의 만족도를 향상시켜 여름철 생선회 소비를 촉진시킬 수 있을 것이라 판단된다. 더 나아가 여러 가지 소스에 적용할 수 있도록 기능성평가 및 관능평가를 실시하는 등 보완된 연구를 계속한다면 다양한 소스에의 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제49권5호
• /
• pp.582-588
• /
• 2016

Seventy-nine Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from surface seawater from Gomso Bay, west coast of Korea, were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes and their susceptibility to 30 different antimicrobials. All 79 isolates were examined for the presence of two virulence genes (tdh or trh) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR); however, no isolates possessed either the tdh or trh gene. According to a disk diffusion susceptibility test, all of the strains studied were resistant to oxacillin, penicillin, and vancomycin, followed by ticarcillin (97.5%), ampicillin (96.2%), clindamycin (86.1%), erythromycin (10.1%), streptomycin (7.6%), cefoxitin (6.3%), amikacin (2.5%), and cephalothin (2.5%). However, all of the strains were susceptible to 19 other antimicrobials including cefepime, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, gentamycin, nalidixic acid, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and trimethoprim. All 79 isolates (100%) were resistant to four or more classes of antimicrobials, and two strains exhibited resistance to eight antimicrobial agents. The average minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for V. parahaemolyticus for ampicillin, penicillin, ticarcillin, and vacomycin were 946.5, 1,305.9, 1,032.3, and 45.0 µg/mL, respectively.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제52권6호
• /
• pp.587-595
• /
• 2019

Eighty-three Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from surface seawater in Gomso Bay on the west coast of Korea, and commercial fisheries from Gunsan fisheries center were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes and susceptibility to 30 different antimicrobials. All 83 isolates were examined for the presence of two virulence genes (tdh or trh) using polymerase chain reaction; however, neither gene was found in any of the isolates. A disk diffusion susceptibility test, showed that all of the strains studied were resistant to clindamycin, oxacillin, ticarcillin, and vancomycin, and also revealed varying levels of resistance to ampicillin (98.8%), penicillin G (95.2%), streptomycin (20.5%), cefoxitin (14.5%), amikacin (6.0%), cephalothin (4.8%), and erythromycin (3.6%). However, all of the strains were susceptible to 19 other antimicrobial agents, including cefepime, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, gentamycin, nalidixic acid, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and trimethoprim. All 83 isolates (100%) were resistant to five or more classes of antimicrobials, and two strains exhibited resistance to ten antimicrobial agents. The average minimum inhibitory concentrations against V. parahaemolyticus of clindamycin, oxacillin, ticarcillin, and vancomycin were 55.9, 98.3, 499.3, and 44.3 ㎍/mL, respectively. These results provide new insight into the necessity for seawater sanitation in Gomso Bay and commercial fisheries, and provide evidence to help reduce the risk of contamination by antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.73-78
• /
• 2011

Vibrio parahaemolyticus possesses two flagella systems: polar and lateral flagella for swimming in liquid and swarming on solid surfaces or in viscous environments. To elucidate the pathogenic role of these dual flagella systems, we constructed single- and double-deletion mutants of the lafA and flhAB flagellum genes and investigated their biofilm formation, cell adhesion, and colonization of the small intestine of suckling mice. The double-mutant strain was more impaired in biofilm formation than either of the single-mutant strains. In addition, the lafA, flhAB, and double-mutant strains showed 40%, 45%, and 60%, respectively, lower adherence to HeLa cells than the wild-type strain. Moreover, the lafA, flhAB, and double-mutant strains exhibited 49%, 5.6 and 6.7 times, respectively, lower colonization in a competition assay than the wild-type strain. These findings indicated that polar flagella were more important than lateral flagella for the pathogenesis of V. parahaemolyticus.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제55권6호
• /
• pp.844-849
• /
• 2022

The pathogenic Vibrio genus denotes halophilic bacteria that are distributed in aquatic environments, including both sea and freshwater. V. cholerae, V. vulnificus, and V. parahaemolyticus are the main species that can be potent human pathogens and the leading cause of septicemia, wound infections, and seafood borne gastroenteritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of pathogenic Vibrios in seawater. We obtained a total of 80 seawater samples from the Geum River estuary area in the west coast of Korea from April to December 2021. Pathogenic Vibrios was determined using a combination of the most probable number-polymerase chain reaction (MPN-PCR) methods. The detection levels of V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus in the seawater samples were 7.5%, 68.8%, and 30.0%, respectively. The quantitative results were as follows: 3.6-3.6 MPN/100 mL in V. cholerae, 3.6-3,400 MPN/100 mL in V. parahaemolyticus, and 3.6-4,300 MPN/100 mL in V. vulnificus. Overall, these results provide novel insight into the necessity for seawater sanitation in the Geum River estuary area, and could help reduce the risk of seafood-borne outbreaks caused by pathogenic Vibrios.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.245-250
• /
• 2012

Vibrio속의 core 균주(Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus)를 포함하여 총 6 종의 Vibrio 균주(V. fluvialis, V. proteolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. mimicus)와 Grimontia (Vibrio) hollisae의 16S rDNA를 PCR 증폭하여 Alu I, Cfo I, Dde I, Hae III, Msp I, Rsa I의 6 종의 제한효소를 처리 후 RFLP 분석을 수행하였다. 2 종의 core 균주와 V. proteolyticus는 4 종의 제한효소(Cfo I, Dde I, Msp I, Rsa I)에서 동일한 제한효소 패턴을 나타내었다. 제한효소의 패턴의 조합에 의해 6 종의 Vibrio 종은 6 개의 RFLP type으로 구분되었다. 특히 Alu I의 경우, 실험된 6 종의 Vibrio속에 대하여 각기 다른 6 개의 종 특이적 RFLP type을 나타내었다. 제한효소 패턴에 근거하여 작성한 덴드로그램에서 Vibrio core group 균주인 V. alginolyticus 와 V. parahaemolyticus는 90% 이상의 매우 높은 유사도를 나타내었다. 반면 Grimontia hollisae는 실험된 모든 제한효소 패턴에서 Vibrio속 세균과는 분명히 구분되는 RFLP type을 나타내었다. 따라서 PCR-RFLP는 제한효소를 적절히 선택한다면 Vibrio 속 세균의 신속한 구분에 여전히 유용하다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제41권5호
• /
• pp.324-329
• /
• 2008

Vibrio parahaemolyticus species, which cause acute gastroenteritis in humans, were isolated from farmed fish and seawater and their antimicrobial-resistance pattern and factor were investigated. They exhibited the highest resistance to ampicillin (88.9%), followed by trimethoprim (51.9%) and rifampin (22.2%). The relatively high resistance to trimethoprim was unexpected because trimethoprim was not commonly used in fish farming in Korea. R plasmid related resistance was identified by the treatment of novobiocin (7 ug/mL) and it was named as pVPBW1. A putative trimethoprim resistance gene in 2.0 kb fragment of pVPBW1 was also confirmed.