• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.257-262
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• 2015

The seven selected primers BION-13, BION-29, BION-61, BION-64, BION-68, BION-72 and BION-80 generated the total number of loci, average number of loci per lane and specific loci in Meretrix lusoria (ML), Saxidomus purpuratus (SP) and Cyclina sinensis (CS) species. Here, the complexity of the banding patterns varied dramatically between the primers from the three venerid clam species. The higher fragment sizes (> 1,000 bp) are much more observed in the SP species. The primer BION-68 generated 21 unique loci to each species, which were ascertaining each species, approximately 150 bp, 300 bp and 450 bp, in the ML species. Remarkably, the primer BION-80 detected 7 shared loci by the three clam species, major and/or minor fragments of sizes 500 bp, which were matching in all samples. As regards average bandsharing value (BS) results, individuals from CS clam species (0.754) exhibited higher bandsharing values than did individuals from SP clam species (0.607) (P < 0.05). In this study, the dendrogram obtained by the seven oligonucleotides primers indicates three genetic clusters: cluster 1 (LUSORIA01-LUSORIA07), cluster 2 (PURPURATUS08-PURPURATUS14), cluster 3 (SINENSIS15-SINENSIS21). Among the twenty one venerid clams, the shortest genetic distance that displayed significant molecular differences was between individuals 18 and 20 from the CS species (genetic distance = 0.071), while the longest genetic distance among the twenty-one individuals that displayed significant molecular differences was between individuals LUSORIA no. 02 and PURPURATUS no. 09 (genetic distance = 0.778). Relatively, individuals of SP venerid species were appropriately closely related to that of CS species, as shown in the hierarchical dendrogram of genetic distances. Eventually, PCR fragments exposed in the present study may be worthwhile as a DNA marker the three venerid clam species to discriminate.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.247-254
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• 2010

Single cell PCR analysis and light and scanning electron microscopic techniques were utilized to identify free living bivalve larvae in the coastal waters of Tae-an, on the west coast of Korea. Through DNA sequencing, venerid clam larvae were isolated and identified as Ruditapes philippinarum (99% similarity) and Meretrix lusoria (99%). Under microscopic observation, the D-veliger stage of R. philippinarum exhibited symmetrical shoulder angles and an elliptical ventral form. In contrast, M. lusoria displayed asymmetrical shoulder angles and a round ventral form in the umbonal stage. Size of the R. philippinarum larvae was $156{\pm}22{\mu}m$ in length, $126{\pm}12{\mu}m$ in height, $92{\pm}14{\mu}m$ in width with a length: height ratio of 1.23. Meretrix lusoria was $202{\pm}44{\mu}m$ in length, $161{\pm}35{\mu}m$ in height, $96{\pm}38{\mu}m$ in width with a length: height ratio of 1.25. Experimental results indicate that morphological and molecular characteristics provide evidence for the larval identification of these two venerid clam larvae species in nature.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.75-80
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• 2007

Amino acid composition and relationship of the commercially valuable five Korean Veneridae, Protothaca jedoensis, Ruditapes philippinarum, Meretrix lusoria, Saxidomus purpuratus and Cyclina sinensis were compared. The major amino acids of five species in Veveridae clams were ureanine, taurine, proline, glycine, alanine and arginine. A similarity of amino acid between C. sinensis and M. lusoria was highest (0.94) and lowest (0.52) for between C. sinensis and P. jedoensis, respectively.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.251-257
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• 2004

The random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPD) technique was used to characterize the genetic relationship of five species from in the family of Veneridae which is one of the commercially important clam family in Korea. The veneride clams' DNA were extracted from adductor muscular by the proteinase K-phenol method. Among 20 primers, 15 unit primers were amplified and produced at least, 2 or 3 from the top band. Genetic similarity between the purplish washington, Saxidomus purpuratus and the hard clam, Meretrix lusoria was the highest (0.87); the lowest genetic similarity (0.46) was formed between the little clam, Ruditapes philppinarum and the purplish washington, S. purpuratus. The genetic relationship between the venus clam, Protothaca jedoensis and the little clam, R. philppinarum was a closer than those between others. These results may indicate that the method of artificial seeding production of P. jedoensis for the propagation of resources can be focused on R. philppinarum.