• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.13-24
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• 2000

In urban area, urban forests work as an ecological center that mitigates the environmental pollution of the area. In order to maintain the ecological function of a forest, the management method should be established based on ht through investigation of the vegetation structure of the forest. In this study, the vegetation structure of Namsan in Kyungju area was investigated in order to study the ecological value of Namsan and to suggest a desirable management alternative. 21 plots were selected as survey areas. Using the TWINSPAN technique, the forest of Namsan was classified into four communities: Quercus serrata community(I), Castanea crenata-Q. serrata-Q. mongolica community(II), Pinus densiflora community(III) and P. densiflora-P. rigida-Robinia pseudoacacia community(IV). The survey results were summarized by five: 1) the distribution of vegetation showed 2) P. densiflora was the absolutely dominant species in Namsan, 3) number of the average species was 12.6$^{\circ}$$\pm$3.1, 4) number of individual was 131.1$^{\circ}$$\pm$47.8 per a plot(100$m^2$), 5) the results of annual ring analysis revealed that the age of P. densiflora in Namsan was about 3 0$^{\circ}$~60$^{\circ}$years old. From the above results, it was found out that the forest has two problems. One thing is maintenance of P.densiflora against succession, another is artificial forest dispersion. The problems of Namsan forest management will be solved with further studies related.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.75-91
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• 1991

This study is one of studies on the analysis of vegetation spatial image and visual preference of roadside slopes in Chi-Ri Mt. national park. In this article, we analized the soil characteristics and the actual vegetation within slopes and forest lands contiguous to those. The results obtained were summarized as follows; The physical and chemical properties of soil in forest lands were better than slopes and Cheoneun temple - Seongsam pass was the best fertilized among 3 sector. In the structure of woody plants in forest lands, the high importance value species were Pinus denciflora, Quercus aliena within Ukmojeong-Deokdong sector, Q. aliena, Q. varabilis, Q. serrata within Banseon-Seongsam pass sector, and P. denciflora, Q. dentata within Cheoneun temple-Seongsam pass sector. And also, Aster scaber, Arundinella hirta, Pteridium aquilinum were the high importance value herbs within all sector. In slopes, the species diversity indices of woody plants were low, but that of herbs showed slightly high. By the cluster analysis used in similarity index, it was observed that woody plants structure between slopes and forest lands made little, but the herbs made slightly higher than woody plants.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.701-710
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the vegetation structure and ecological restoration of disturbed forest due to artificial plant. To this end, 12 plots were set up and surveyed. The result analyzed considering mean importance percentage(M.I.P) showed that the types were divided into three groups which are artificial planted forest type(three plots), natural forest-artificial planted forest type(four plots), natural forest type(five plots). Dominant proportion of artificial planted species were as follows: artificial planted forest type was over 60%, natural forest-artificial planted forest types were 14~49%. The range of Shannon's index of all associations was from 0.7131 to 0.7771(natural forest-artificial planted forest > natural forest > artificial planted forest). Also we suggested restoration method of vegetation for ecological value as follow: Control of density considering step and Remove of Pinus koraiensis seedlings of understory layer and shurb layer.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.97 no.6
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• pp.561-564
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• 2008

Pinus densiflora(red pine) stands in Korea have been faced with the serious threat by pine wilt disease caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (nematodes). It is not easy to early detect and prevent the infected trees because those cannot be visually identified during the initial phase of infection. Red pine is usually infected by B. xylophilus from May to July and can be just visually detected in October or November. While the infected trees are wilted, the spectral value of Near Infrared (NIR) is supposed to be decreased. Based on this phenomena, in this paper, the vegetation vitality change of infected trees was analyzed using vegetation indices. Spectral values of Red, Green and NIR had been acquired monthly by a portable NIR camera in the same place of red pine stands infected by pine wilt disease. It could be proven that the vegetation index, or vegetation vitality of damaged trees starts to decrease from June, in the early infecting phase.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2011

In order to explore vegetation adaptation to climate variability and the impacts on water balance dynamics, the inter-regional and the inter-annual variability of both water availability and vegetation productivity are investigated. The Horton index, which is the ratio between actual evapotranspiration and catchment wetting as a measure of vegetation water use at catchment-scale, is revisited to quantify the effects of growing-season water availability on hydrologic partitioning at catchment scale. It is shown that the estimated Horton index is relatively constant irrespective of inter-annual climate variability. In addition, the Horton index is compared with catchment-scale vegetation rain use efficiency. The results show that there is an interesting pattern in the response of vegetation water use to water availability. When water becomes the limiting factor for vegetation productivity, the catchment-scale vegetation rain use efficiency converges to a common maximum value in agreement with earlier findings at the ecosystem level.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.158-166
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• 2004

For the zoning of natural ecosystem, Vegetation Index is calculated from the vegetation data surveyed on Baekdudaegan (from Namdeogyusan to Sosagogae). Five factors-biodiversity, conservation value of the stand, environmental quality, longevity of the stand, site productivity- are considered in the calculation of Vegetation Index. Vegetation Index might be a useful zoning tool for management of Baekdudaegan. For Vegetation Index I, 8 sample plots 12.l％ of total 66 sample plots are belong to core area, 21 sample plots 31.8％ and 37 sample plots 56.l％ are belong to buffer zone and transition area, respectively. For Vegetation Index II, 37 sample plots 41.9% of total 60 sample plots are belong to core area, 19 sample plots 28.8％ and 19 sample plots 28.8% are belong to buffer zone and transition area, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.111 no.1
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• pp.81-99
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• 2022

The Baekdudaegan, spanning around 701 km from Hyangrobong to Cheonwangbong of Mt. Jirisan in South Korea, is rich in biodiversity and known as the main ecological axis of the Korean Peninsula. The Neuljae-Yuksimnyeong section of Marugeum in the southern part of the Baekdudaegan, particularly Mt. Deogyusan, is an area in which various types of vegetation appear depending on the environmental characteristics. The aims of this study were to investigate the current vegetation status at the Neuljae-Yuksimnyeong section of the Baekdudaegan and to provide basic data to aid systematic conservation and management through future classification of forest vegetation types. A vegetation survey was conducted using 637 plots from May to October 2019. Vegetation-type analysis showed that the vegetation units could be classified as a Quercus mongolica community group divided into seven communities: the Abies koreana community, Sanguisorba hakusanensis community, Persicaria hydropiper community, Quercus variabilis community, Quercus dentata community, Cornus controversa community, and Quercus mongolica community. The A. koreana community was subdivided into the Dryopteris expansa group and Picea jezoensis group. The Q. variabilis community was also subdivided into the Q. dentata group and Q. variabilis typical group. We concluded that special management plans for distinctive forest vegetation, including subalpine vegetation, grass or herb vegetation, and agricultural vegetation, should be prepared urgently to aid ecosystem preservation and enhancement.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.377-390
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• 2020

URBAN ECOLOGICAL MAPS must be created by local governments by NATURAL ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION ACT, and the maps are generally called biotope map. So far, biotope maps study was a tendency to focus on the type of vegetation, naturalness, land use, landscape ecology theories. However, biotope related studies have not reflected the concept of animal habitat, which is a component of biotope, and that is the limitation of biotope map research. This study suggest a methodology to predict potential habitats for fauna using machine learning to quantify habitat values. The potential habitats of fauna were predicted by spatial statistics using machine learning, and the results were converted into species richness. For biotope type assessments, we classified biotope values into vegetation value and habitat value and evaluated them using a matrix for value summation. The vegetation value was divided into 5 stages based on vegetation nature and land use, and the habitat value was classified into five stages by predicting the species richness predicted by machine learning. This is meaningful because our research can positively reflect the results of field surveys of fauna that were negatively reflected in the evaluation of biotope types in the past. Therefore, in the future, if the biotope map manual is revised, our methodology should be applied.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 1986

A study was made on the change of vegetation in Yungil area after the erosion control works. The area was divided into three major areas, the devastated land area, the afforested area and the subclimax area. Two groups of plant, i.e., the common species in all area and the different species confined in the subclimax area, were identified by the interspecific correlation analysis based on the positive correlation value at 5% significance level. High similarity among the sites in the afforested region was indicated by the DIF (difference measure) value, lower than 0.33. However, the devastated area and the subclimax area were distinguished completely. The change in species diversity has been extremely low since the erosion control works. Robinia pseudo-acacia was the dominant species in the afforested region and showed an adequate growth status.

• Plant Resources
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.105-108
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• 1998

These studies had performed a plans for preservation and distribution of Ilex cormuta community Mt. Keumsung($35^{\circ}05'\;N,\;126^{\circ}04'\;E$) in Naju, Chonnam from Arpil, 1997 to October by Braun-Blanquet' method(1964). According to the vegetation table of community, the plant communities of the investigated sites were classified Ilex corunta-Trachelospermum asiaticum var. intermedium commnity. Now there still remains the natural environment to be developed in coast district around the riverside distributing Ilex cornuta Lindl., so it has scientifically high value to predict change of the ecosystem and preserve the community distribution. It needs plan for preservation high value to predict change of the ecosystem and preserve the community distribution. It needs plan for preservation