• 한국작물학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.270-278
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• 2009

본 연구는 우리나라와 일본에서 재배 및 이용하고 있는 들깨, 차조기 그리고 이들 잡초형 69 계통들에 대하여 종자 특성 및 종자발아 변이에 대한 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 재배형 들깨에서 측정된 100립중은 0.177 g에서부터 0.402 g까지의 범위였고, 종자경도는 대부분의 계통들이 잘 부스러지는 부드러운 특성을 지니고 있었으나, 일부 계통들은 잘 부스러지지 않는 딱딱한 특성을 지니고 있었다. 반면에 잡초형 들깨에서 측정된 100립중은 0.045 g에서부터 0.172 g까지의 범위였고, 종자경도는 모든 계통들이 잘 부스러지지 않는 딱딱한 특성을 지니고 있었다. 2. 재배형 차조기에서 측정된 100립중은 0.054 g에서부터 0.101 g까지의 범위였고, 잡초형 차조기에서 측정된 100립중은 0.059 g에서부터 0.135 g까지의 범위였으며, 그리고 이들의 종자경도는 모든 계통들이 잘 부스러지지 않는 딱딱한 특성을 지니고 있었다. 3. 실온 및 $28^{\circ}C$ 항온조건의 발아율 조사에서 수확 후 1개월째에서는 들깨의 잡초형 그리고 차조기의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통들은 대부분이 50% 이하의 낮은 발아율을 나타내었으나, 재배형 들깨의 일부 계통들이 50% 이상의 발아율을 나타내었다. 그리고 2개월 및 3개월이 경과한 상태에서 들깨의 재배형 및 잡초형 그리고 차조기의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통들은 50% 이상의 발아율을 나타내는 계통들이 많이 나타났다. 4. 들깨와 차조기 작물의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통들에서의 평균발아율 및 평균발아세는 수확 후 1개월째에서 가장 낮고 수확 후 3개월째에서 가장 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 또한 실온 및 $28^{\circ}C$ 항온조건에서의 발아율과 발아세는 $28^{\circ}C$ 항온조건 보다는 실온조건에서 비교적 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.425-443
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• 2011

Most previous studies have generally overlooked the contribution of thermal stresses generated within the concrete mass when subjected to microwave heating and reported on pore-pressure as being the dominant cause of surface spalling. Also, the variation in electromagnetic properties of concrete and its effects on the microwave heating process have not been studied in detail. In this paper, finite element modeling is used to examine the simultaneous development of compressive thermal stresses and pore-pressure arising from the microwave heating of concrete. A modified Lambert's Law formulation is proposed to estimate the microwave power dissipation in the concrete mass. Moreover, the effects of frequency and concrete water content on the concrete heating rate and pattern are investigated. Results show high compressive stresses being generated especially in concrete with a high water content when heated by microwaves of higher frequencies. The results also reveal that the water content of concrete plays a crucial role in the microwave heating process.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.1420-1426
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• 2006

여러 유도체 형태로 존재하는 대두 isoflavone을 산 가수 분해 방법 및 시간을 달리하면서 isoflavone 배당체의 aglycone으로의 전환율 및 aglycone의 분해여부를 실험하였다. 산 가수분해시 가열처리 조건을 $105^{\circ}C$ 항온기, $95^{\circ}C$ 수욕조, $120^{\circ}C$ heating block 및 hot plate로 달리한 결과 환류냉각장치를 이용하고 heating block에서 가수분해시키는 방법이 가장 적절한 가수분해 방법인 것으로 나타났다. 가수분해 시간 동안 aglycone의 안정성을 검토한 결과 적정 가수분해 시간인 60분 동안에는 genistein, daidzein 및 glycitein 모두 큰 함량변화가 없었다. 가수분해하는 시료의 양과 산의 비율은 시료 $10\sim30mg$당 1 N HCl 용액 1 mL의 비율이 적정하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 정량법은 0.5 g의 대두 시료에 1 N HCl용액 15 mL를 첨가하고 $120^{\circ}C$의 heating block에서 60분간 가수분해시킨 후 methanol로 50 mL로 정용하고 HPLC로 분석하도록 확립하였다. 이에 따라 대두 가공부산물의 iosflavone을 분석한 결과 착유 및 착유 후 hexane 제거를 위한 열처리 공정에서 isoflavone의 손실은 적은 것으로 나타났다.

• 공업화학
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.568-574
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• 2007

투명결정화 유리의 전구체로서 균열이 없는 $Li_2O1{\cdot}7Al_2O_3{\cdot}8.6SiO_2$ 조성인 다공성 괴상 겔을 formamide를 첨가한 알콕시드 용액으로부터 sol-gel방법으로 합성하였다. 겔 합성에서 겔화 활성화 에너지, 비표면적, 습윤겔의 완전 탈수에 필요한 온도, 기공의 부피 및 기공크기와 분포를 측정하였고, 겔의 결정화온도를 검토하고자 시차열분석을 실시하였다. 겔화의 활성화에너지는 가수분해에 필요한 물의 첨가량에 따라 13~14 kcal/mol 범위를 나타내고, 물의 첨가량이 가수분해시 필요한 이론량의 3배 이상일 경우, $70{\sim}75^{\circ}C$, 건조속도 0.1~0.3 %/h에서는 겔의 균열을 방지할 수 있어 안정한 괴상 겔을 제조할 수 있었다. $180^{\circ}C$에서 건조한 겔체는 비표면적, 기공부피 및 기공크기분포는 $239.40m^2/g$, 0.001~0.03 mL/g 그리고 1~122 nm 반지름의 미세구조로 된 투명 겔체로서 다공질 물질임이 확인되었고, 건조겔의 시차열분석 결과 $800^{\circ}C$ 부근에서 1차 발열피크, $980^{\circ}C$ 부근에서가 2차 발열피크가 확인되어 결정화가 일어남을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.73-73
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• 2001

Boron-containing materials have several excellent properties, such as superlnardness, insulation and non-Rinear optical property. Recently, oxynitride compounds, such as Si(ON), Ti(ON), became the promising materials applied in diffusion barrier layer and solar cell. With the expectation of obtaining the hybrid property, we have firstly grown the BON thin film by radio frequency (R.F.) plasma enhanced metalorganic chemical vapm deposition (PEMOCVD) with 100 kHz frequency and trimethyl borate precursor. The plasma source gases used in this study were Ar and $H_2$, and two kinds of nhmgen source gases, $N_2$ and <$NH_3$, were also employed. The as-grown films were characterized by XPS, IR, SEM and Knoop microlhardness tester. The relationship between the films hardness and the growth rate indicated that the hardness of the film was dependent on several factors such as nitrogen source gas, substrate temperature and film thickness due to the variation of the composition and the structure of the film. Both nitrogen and carbon content could raise the film hardness, on which nitrogen content did stronger effect than carbon. The smooth morphology and continuous structure was benefit of obtaining high hardness. The maximum hardness of BON film was about 10 GPa.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 1990

본(本) 실험(實驗)은 동력경운기(動力耕耘機)에 탑재(搭載)되는 소형(小型)디젤기관(機關)의 냉각수(冷却水)의 적정량을 구명(究明)하기 위한 기초적(基礎的)인 실험(實驗)으로 냉각수(冷却水) 순환량(循環量) 15, 20, $25{\ell}/min$의 3수준(水準)으로, 변화(變化)시켰을 때의 기계손실(機械損失), 출력(出力), 연료소비율(燃料消費率), 토크, 냉각수흡열양(冷却水吸熱量), 열효율등(熱效率等)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 측정(測定) 분석(分析)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 공시기(公試機)의 Motoring loss는 상용회전(常用回轉) 2,200rpm에서 1.371kW로 정격출력시(定格出力時)의 기계효율(機械效率)은 79.13%로 외국제품(外國製品)보다 약간(若干) 낮았다. 2. 냉각수(冷却水) 순환량(循環量)을 증가(增加)시킴에 따라 출력(出力)은 증가(增加)되는 경향(傾向)을 보였다. 3. 정격출력시(定格出力時) 연료소비율(燃料消費率)은 냉각수순환량(冷却水循環量) $20{\ell}/min$일때 282.93g/kW-h로서 가장 작게 나타났으며 이때 냉각수(冷却水)의 출구온도(出口溫度)는 $80.9^{\circ}C$이었다. 4. 냉각수(冷却水) 순환량(循環量)의 변화(變化)에 따른 토크의 변화(變化)는 거의 없었다. 5. 기관(機關)의 냉각수(冷却水) 흡열량(吸熱量)은 냉각수(冷却水) 순환량(循環量)의 증가(增加)에 따라 증가(增加)하는 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다. 6. 열효율(熱效率)은 냉각수(冷却水) 순환량(循環量) $20{\ell}/min$에서 32.31%로 가장 높게 나타났다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1536-1538
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• 2002

Effects at thermal treatment on the structural and electrical properties at DLC films have been studied. The DLC films were deposited by using a modified FCVA system as a function at negative substrate bias voltage, deposition time, and nitrogen flow rate. The thermal treatment on DLC films could be achieved by performing the RTA process at $600^{\circ}C$, 2min. Structural investigation on the thermal treatment effect was evaluated by inspecting the Raman spectroscopy, XPS, AFM, and internal compressive stress. In addition, the electrical properties of DLC films were evaluated by using the high current source and Lab-View data acquisition system. As the result at RTA treatment, $sp^3/sp^2$ ratio and internal compressive stress of the DLC films were decreased tram 5% to 22% and from 1GPa to 3GPa, and the $I_D/I_G$ intensity ratios was increased from 0.19 to 0.35. It was also found that the variation of internal stress of DLC films strongly agree with the variation of $sp^3/sp^2$ fraction and $I_D/I_G$ intensity ratio.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.719-727
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• 2003

Background and purpose: Hypertension and obesity has been implicated in the most important risk factors for stroke. The original finding that the G-protein beta3 subunit (GNB3) C825T allele associates with essential hypertension and obesity has been confirmed in several different populations. Hence, our objective was to determine whether the GNB3 C825T polymorphism predicts interindividual variation in stroke. Method: We recruited 361 stroke patients (cerebral infarction, n=278; intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), n=83) and 199 healthy control subjects. Subjects were genotyped for GNB3 C825T mutation and findings were investigated for association with stroke. Result: The GNB3 T/T type was significantly associated with cerebral infarction prevalence (OR, 1.98; 95% Cl, 1.14-3.46; p=0.015). While, ICH was not found to be significantly associated with GNB3 T/T type (OR, 1.63; 95% ICH, 0.74-3.56; p=0.219). Similarly, no significant association was determined between GNB T/C type, and cerebral infarction (OR, 1.09; 95% Cl, 0.68-1.74; p=0.716), and ICH (OR, 1.14; 95% Cl, 0.59-2.21; p=0.697). Conclusion: In clinical characteristics, this study shows no differences among GNB3 genotypes, that are BMI, WH ratio. hypertension rate, and ischemic heart disease rate, total lipid level, triglycerides level, total cholesterol level, HDL cholesterol level, prothrombine time, with the exception of LDL cholesterol concentrations. However, our subjects showed an inverse relationship between LDL cholesterol level and the risk of cerebral infarction. We have shown that the GNB3 T/T genotype is strongly associated with cerebral infarction. (OR, 1.98; 95% Cl, 1.14-3.46; p=0.015).

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.389-393
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the difference of growth characteristics, yield and extract content between upland and paddy ginseng cultured with 4­year-old ginseng in 2003. Although upland ginseng showed larger variation in yield than that of paddy ginseng, the average of it was greater than that of paddy ginseng because it showed better growth of aerial part and higher survival rate than that of paddy ginseng. Moisture content of fresh root was $71.8\%\;(68.5\~73.1\%),\;and\;72.7\%\;(70.2 \~74.9\%)$ on average in upland and paddy ginseng, respectively. Paddy ginseng showed higher hardness in taproot, and higher rate of rusty colored root than that of upland ginseng. The ratio of taproot dry weight in upland ginseng was smaller than that of paddy ginseng, while that of lateral root was larger in upland ginseng. Ratio of marketable root (>60g) to total harvested roots was $13.7\%\;(0.82\~8.0\%)\;and\;7.7\%\;(1.6\~12.6\%)$ in upland and paddy ginseng, respectively. Extract content did not show distinct difference between upland and paddy ginseng, but it showed large variation from $16.1\;to\;25.1\%$ in taproot, and from $24.2\;to\;32.5\%$ in lateral root depanding on the ginseng field examined.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.165-172
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• 2017

Background: This study investigated the temporal variation in soil $CO_2$ efflux and its relationship with soil temperature and precipitation in the Quercus glauca and Abies koreana forests in Jeju Island, South Korea, from August 2010 to December 2012. Q. glauca and A. koreana forests are typical vegetation of warm-temperate evergreen forest zone and sub-alpine coniferous forest zone, respectively, in Jeju island. Results: The mean soil $CO_2$ efflux of Q. glauca forest was $0.7g\;CO_2\;m^{-2}\;h^{-1}$ at $14.3^{\circ}C$ and that of A. koreana forest was $0.4g\;CO_2\;m^{-2}\;h^{-1}$ at $6.8^{\circ}C$. The cumulative annual soil $CO_2$ efflux of Q. glauca and A. koreana forests was 54.2 and $34.2t\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$, respectively. Total accumulated soil carbon efflux in Q. glauca and A. koreana forests was 29.5 and $18.7t\;C\;ha^{-1}$ for 2 years, respectively. The relationship between soil $CO_2$ efflux and soil temperate at 10 cm depth was highly significant in the Q. glauca ($r^2=0.853$) and A. koreana forests ($r^2=0.842$). Soil temperature was the main controlling factor over $CO_2$ efflux during most of the study period. Also, precipitation may affect soil $CO_2$ efflux that appeared to be an important factor controlling the efflux rate. Conclusions: Soil $CO_2$ efflux was affected by soil temperature as the dominant control and moisture as the limiting factor. The difference of soil $CO_2$ efflux between of Q. glauca and A. koreana forests was induced by soil temperature to altitude and regional precipitation.