• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.85-99
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to classify individualism-collectivism orientation into groups and analyze the difference of fashion leadership and expected values of appearance management by the groups. Questionnaires were administered to 376 adults in 20's and 30's living in Deagu and Kyungbook area through June 10~June 20, 2013. Frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis, correlation analysis, ANOVA, Duncan-test, t-test, and $X^2$-test were used for data analysis. Survey method was used to collect data for this study and the measures such as individualism-collectivism orientation, fashion leadership and expected values of appearance management consisted of 5-point Likerties scale. Individualism-collectivism orientation was categorized into collectivism, competition consciousness, love of family, and individual focus. Fashion leadership were found as opinion leadership, double leader, and innovator. Expected values of appearance management were found as pleasure/individuality, other consciousness, and conformity. This indicates that women showed high opinion leader, double leader, and innovator of fashion leadership and pleasure/individuality, and conformity of expected values of appearance management while men care more about competition consciousness, love of family, and individuality focus of individualism-collectivism orientation. Individualism-collectivism orientation showed significant correlation with the sub-variable of fashion leadership and expected values of appearance management. Individualism-collectivism orientation were classified into three groups such as competition collectivism, individuality, and low individual-collectivism. A test of significance in groups was determined by demographic variables like gender, age, occupancy and monthly income. Groups showed significant difference in fashion leadership and expected values of appearance management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.30-49
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• 2014

Mobile shopping, through the use of the smart phone, has become a very popular shopping method for consumers due to it not being limited by time or place. This research aims do the following:1)find the causes for consumers shifting to mobile shopping with the focus on fashion and beauty items; and in order to so, this research will use the TAM that was found by David et al (1989), and 2) distinguish any behavioral differences between consumer groups divided into purchasing intention of fashion and beauty items through smart phone. Path analysis was performed to verify the cause-and-effect relationship between the variables. Personal characteristics(i.e. market maven, time orientation), perceived usability, ease of use, attitude towards mobile shopping, and purchase intentions were all treated as dependant variables. The results showed that attitude towards mobile shopping was the most important variable on mobile shopping intentions. Time-oriented and Market Maven were thought to affect mobile shopping attitude and the dependent variables of purchase intention. Also, when purchasing smart phones, consumers highly valued smart phone's popularity; people with higher purchasing intention mainly used entertainment and utility apps. The following are the main reasons for not purchasing through mobile shopping: they are slower than computers, inconveniences in viewing due to small size of the screen, and security issues. The consumers used the internet as their main source of acquiring daily information. In this research, factors that affect the purchase intention were studied. However, it is difficult to firmly insist that this research correctly predicts the actual purchase intention-further studies need to be done to investigate the relationship between mobile purchase intention and actual purchase intention.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.83-91
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine teacher's emotional leadership practices and to suggest their educational policy implication. To do so, a survey was conducted on Chinese-Korean students in Yanbian area. Data samples were 605 students at three high schools. The major results are summarized as follows: First, the teacher's emotional leadership is an important variable to improve student's self-directed learning. Second, it is suggestive that the teacher should focus on developing students personal competences such as self awareness and self management rather than social competences. Lastly, the teacher should focus on and improve satisfaction of student's school life first, and try to increase student's self-directed learning. However, various variables that may influence teacher's emotional leadership should be included in the further study.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.106-113
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to present the dwelling space by attaching or inserting the mobile space unit to the fixed building by providing the temporary dwelling space for those suffering from flood disaster, natural disaster or solitary old people or the space and program that the completed building in the city can not provide such as temporary events in the bridge, passage space, walking space for the handicapped, stores located between street blocks, and plaza. Therefore, this study was intended to investigate temporary dwelling space through the composition of space and the experiment of the applicability of the program through the methods of movement, folding, module, expansion and evolution of mobile space. An attempt was made to apply the concept of ‘mobile space’ to the dwelling space not only with a focus on the freedom of variable and changeable physical movement but also with a focus on the existence of the nomad and the way of thinking that bleaks away from a given value system and code, creates a new value and continues to move to a new domain. This study attempted to analyze how the concept of ‘mobile space’ has been developed in what form and method they have been applied and interpreted in the historical background. It attempted to resolve the concepts of movement and mobility through the experiment so that they might apply to the space of contemporary city. This study attempted to experiment this possibility using the mobile space unit and apply it.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.1515-1526
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• 2010

Consumer expectations for ethical businesses have become increasingly high in recent years; the fashion industry is working to implement greater corporate social responsibility (CSR). This study establishes the effects of the evaluation for participation in fashion brand CSR on perceived purchase values. In particular, the process for the evaluation for participation that affect the perceived purchase value through consumer-brand identifications (personal/social) was verified and how the consumer regulatory focuses would influence this process was identified. For this study, an on-line survey was conducted that included a series of filtering questions that measured the level of social concern of respondents. Valid data from 505 female consumers were analyzed for the structure equation modeling. The empirical results suggested that the evaluation for participation in fashion brand CSR positively affected the two dimensions of consumer-brand identification; personal identification and social identification. In addition, consumer-brand identification played a role as a mediating variable in the path to influence the perceived purchase values of CSR brands. Lastly, there were differences in reactions to CSR activities by consumer groups with different regulatory focuses. The effect of the evaluation for participation in fashion brand CSR was shown to be higher for consumers with promotion focuses than on consumers with prevention focuses. The results of this study will help fashion companies understand the importance of the consumer participation in CSR by having consumers participate in ethical consumption.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.197-224
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• 2020

Mobile games have become one of the most important driving forces of the game industry. We focus on the continuous intention to use Chinese mobile games from the perspective of experiential marketing and network externalities. We integrate user experience, network externalities and flow theory into expectation confirmation model and explore the influencing factors of continuous usage intention of Chinese mobile game and propose a research model. Game experience, service experience, perceived enjoyment, social interaction, challenge, perceived number of users and perceived number of peers were employed as independent variables, while flow, perceived value and satisfaction as mediating variables and continuous intention as the dependent variable. After surveying 426 samples, the model is tested with structural equation model. The results reveal that perceived enjoyment significantly positively influences perceived value, flow, satisfaction, and continuous intention. The greater the enjoyment of the game, the greater the satisfaction of the game and the greater the willingness to use it continuously. Game experience has a significant direct effect on continuous intention, which indicates that a better game experience can retain more users. Service experience and perceive number of peers positively influence satisfaction. Another finding is that social interaction and perceived number of users positively influence perceived value and flow, which indicate that social attributes are critical roles for retaining users. Game challenge also positively influences flow. The proper level of challenge is more likely to cause users to enter the state of flow. Flow indirectly influences continuous usage intention through the satisfaction of the game, which indicates that satisfaction is driven by flow experience and further retaining users. Empirical results implied that mobile game companies need to focus on improving user experience, expectation satisfaction and extending network externalities to improve the continuous intention of using mobile game.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.431-440
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• 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to predict rabies protective behaviors (RPB) based on protection motivation theory (PMT) among fourth-grade students at schools in Chonburi Province, Thailand. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2020 to February 2021. A multistage sampling technique was used for sample selection. The questionnaire was divided into socio-demographic data and questions related to PMT and RPB. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted using the EpiData program and inferential statistics, and the results were tested using the partial least squares model with a significance level of less than 5%. Results: In total, 287 subjects were included, of whom 62.4% were girls and 40.4% reported that YouTube was their favorite media platform. Most participants had good perceived vulnerability, response efficacy, and self efficacy levels related to rabies (43.9, 68.6, and 73.2%, respectively). However, 54.5% had only fair perceived severity levels related to rabies. Significant positive correlations were found between RPB and the PMT constructs related to rabies (β, 0.298; p<0.001), and the school variable (S4) was also a predictor of RPB (β, -0.228; p<0.001). Among the PMT constructs, self efficacy was the strongest predictor of RPB (β, 0.741; p<0.001). Conclusions: PMT is a useful framework for predicting RPB. Future RPB or prevention/protection intervention studies based on PMT should focus on improving self efficacy and response efficacy, with a particular focus on teaching students not to intervene with fighting animals. The most influential PMT constructs can be used for designing tools and implementing and evaluating future educational interventions to prevent rabies in children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.52-59
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• 2022

Conventionally, all the unsafe acts by human beings in relation to industrial accidents have been regarded as unintentional human errors. Exceptionally, however, in the cases with fatalities, seriously injured workers, and/or losses that evoked social issues, attention was paid to violating related laws and regulations for finding out some people to be prosecuted and given judicial punishments. As Heinrich stated, injury or loss in an accident is quite a random variable, so it can be unfair to utilize it as a criterion for prosecution or punishment. The present study was conducted to comprehend how categorizing intentional violations in unsafe acts might disrupt conventional conclusions about the industrial accident process. It was also intended to seek out the right direction for countermeasures by examining unsafe acts comprehensively rather than limiting the analysis to human errors only. In an analysis of 150 industrial accident cases that caused fatalities and featured relatively clear accident scenarios, the results showed that only 36.0% (54 cases) of the workers recognized the situation they confronted as risky, out of which 29.6% (16 cases) thought of the risk as trivial. In addition, even when the risks were recognized, most workers attempted to solve the hazardous situations in ways that violated rules or regulations. If analyzed with a focus on human errors, accidents can be attributed to personal deviations. However, if considered with an emphasis on safety rules or regulations, the focus will naturally move to the question of whether the workers intentionally violated them or not. As a consequence, failure of managerial efforts may be highlighted. Therefore, it was concluded that management should consider unsafe acts comprehensively, with violations included in principle, during accident investigations and the development of countermeasures to prevent future accidents.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.272-281
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between spatial space structure and visitors' behavior and interpret visitors' behavior concretely from the aspect of exhibition environments. So, this study intends to qualify spatial space structure with integration, connectivity and control value by utilizing space syntax, limit to tracking score among the analysis index and reinterpret with exhibition density and extend of eyesight among the exhibition environments. The results of this study are as follows; First, in case of museums, tracking score shows plus correlation with connectivity and control value among the space syntax variables and very low correlation with integration. In case of art museums, tracking score shows plus correlation with integration and wide variable is judged to more useful to analyze visitor's behavior than minor variable. Second, museums doesn't make a great effect on visitors' behavior from the aspect of extent of eyesight, but from the aspect of exhibition density, visitors relatively watched evenly without short cut at the early stage of exhibition in spite of high exhibition density. And, they conducted short cut as they went to the middle stage of exhibition on the course of watching although the numerical value of exhibition density is low. Third, in case of art museums, visitors' behavior was relatively influenced by exhibition density, not extent of eyesight. But, as they went to the high level on the course of watching, watching speed became rapid and watching length became short in the place the value of extent of eyesight was high. Its reason is judged to be easy to grasp position or space structure of the next exhibition room visually. Therefore, when the concentration of watching is necessary from the aspect of exhibition, to control exhibition density properly before the space is useful to draw visiting to exhibition space afterward.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.2087-2089
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• 2003

The presence of narrowband interference (NBI) in Direct-sequence code division multiple access (DS/CDMA) systems is an inevitable problem when the interference is strong enough. The improvement in the system performance employs by adaptive narrowband interference suppression techniques. Basically there have been two types of method for narrowband interference suppression estimator/subtracter approaches and transform domain approaches. In this paper the focus is on the type of estimator/subtracter approaches. However, the binary direct sequence (DS) signal, that acts as noise in the prediction process is highly non-Gaussian. The case of a Gaussian interferer with known in an autoregressive (AR) signal or a digital signal and also in a sinusoidal signal (Tone) that included in is paper. The proposed NBI suppression is presence in an adaptive IIR notch filter for lattice structure and more powerful by using a variable step-size algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly increase the convergence rate and improved system performance when compare with adaptive least mean square algorithm (LMS).