• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.2E
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• pp.8-13
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• 2000

In this paper, we present an adaptive formant tracking algorithm for speech using closed phase WRLS-VFF-VT method. The pitch synchronous closed phase methods is known to give more accurate estimates of the vocal tract parameters than the pitch asynchronous method. However the use of a pitch-synchronous closed phase analysis method has been limited due to difficulties associated with the task of accurately isolating the closed phase region in successive periods of speech. Therefore we have implemented the pitch synchronous closed phase WRLS-VFF-VT algorithm for speech analysis, especially for formant tracking. The proposed algorithm with the variable threshold(VT) can provide a superior performance in the boundary of phone and voiced/unvoiced sound. The proposed method is experimentally compared with the other method such as two channel CPC method by using synthetic waveform and real speech data. From the experimental results, we found that the block data processing techniques, such as the two-channel CPC, gave reasonable estimates of the formant/antiformant. However, the data windows used by these methods included the effects of the periodic excitation pulses, which affected the accuracy of the estimated formants. On the other hand the proposed WRLS-VFF-VT method, which eliminated the influence of the pulse excitation by using an input estimation as part of the algorithm, gave very accurate formant/bandwidth estimates and good spectral matching.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.380-391
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to compare results of dental satisfaction at different type of character and provide basic materials for making the valuable strategies of dental service. Methods : Data was obtained from 256 patients using questionnaire from September 5 to October 13, 2007. Self-administered questionnaires was utilized to assess their types of personal psychological variable and find out its influential factors upon dental consumers and their intent of revisit. The data was analyzed with t-test, one-way ANOVA and logistic regression using the SPSS 14.0 Windows. Results : There is no meaningful difference in dental satisfaction as for character types and factors. Considering the difference of dental satisfaction according to general characteristics, there was a meaningful difference between groups of gender. Also interpersonal relationship as well as level of skill is significantly high in periodical dental visit. Conclusion : The results of this study indicated that environment and facility, cost is the most important influencing factor in determining whether or not the patient will visit a dental clinic repeatedly. In the future, more precise and in-depth questionnaires should be developed to analyze dental consumers.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.1C
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• pp.59-66
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• 2007

This paper proposes a windowing method to reduce noise effect and bit synchronization error caused by tolerance of a tag-response signal for ISO/IEC 18000-6 type-B readers. A tag response signal has very weak power because of a back-scattering modulation scheme and thus may be sensitive to noise. In addition, bit tolerance admitted in a tag response signal requires robust timing synchronization because it affects readers' detection performance. To reduce the two undesirable effects in a tag signal, we acquire bit transition position by using variable windows from over-sampled data, and average whole data in one bit duration. With a hardware system adopting the proposed method, we tested and verified its performance.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.51-76
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• 2005

This study aims to investigate hypotheses for the effects of CEO's self-sacrificial leadership behaviors and employee's organizational committment of 50 Korea venture firms registered in Korea Venture Business Associations. To understand the importance of followers' characteristics in recent leadership studies on venture CEOs, it is proposed that self-sacrificial leadership behaviors will positively effect on organizational commitment. And it is also proposed that the follower's need for achievement(N-Arch) moderates in the relationship of self-sacrificial leadership behaviors and organizational commitment. After descriptive survey, research model setup, and field survey, this empirical study investigated the above mentioned hypotheses thru SPSS for Windows 12.0. It involved linear regression analysis to reveal the significant main effect of the self-sacrificial leadership behaviors. It also revealed moderating regression analysis to reveal the significant moderating effects of need for achievement between the independent variables(self-sacrificial leadership behaviors) and dependent variable(the organizational commitment). Results revealed that CEO's self-sacrificial leadership behaviors positively affected to its employee's organizational commitment under change-oriented and innovative new technology drive, self-developing environments of venture business in Korea. However, positive moderating effect of N-Arch was not supported between leader's self-sacrificial leadership behaviors and follower's organizational commitment in Korea venture firms.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1273-1283
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• 2022

This paper presents a locally adaptive HDR algorithm using the integral image and MSRCR for LDR images with inadequate exposure. There are two categories in controlling the dynamic range, which are global and local tone mappings. Since the global ones are relatively simple but have some limitations at considering regional characteristics, the local ones are often utilized and MSRCR is a representative method. MSRCR gives moderate results, but it requires lots of computations for multi-scale surround Gaussian functions and produces the Halo effect around the edges. Therefore, in order to resolve these main problems, the proposed algorithm remarkably reduces the computation of the surrounds due to the use of the integral image. And a set of variable-sized windows is adopted to decrease the Halo effect, according to the type of pixel's region. In addition, an offset controlling function is presented, which is mainly affected to the subjective image quality and based on the global input and the desired output means. As the results, the proposed algorithm no more use Gaussian functions and can reduce the computation amount and the Halo effect.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.21-30
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• 2023

Purpose: The study aimed to identify factors that affect college students' learning immersion in non-face-to-face remote classes. Methods: During COVID-19, a survey was conducted on 140 college students who were taking non-face-to-face remote courses at universities located in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Chungcheong-do, Korea. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficients, Independent t-test, ANOVA, and Hierarchial stepwise multiple regression with SPSS (Windows version 27.0). Results: In the study, the most important variable influencing learning immersion was the student's self-efficacy, followed by instructor presence, class participation, lecture satisfaction, and credits. Conclusion: Instructors who teach major courses at college need to develop and apply ways to enhance learners' self-efficacy and class content that can boost learners' motivation in order to maximize learners' learning immersion. In order to facilitate learners' access to online media and maintain their interest in remote classes, passionate efforts need to be made by active instructors.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.57-67
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze male pilot candidates' life satisfaction, basic psychological needs and grit by experiencing COVID-19 period for pilot literacy education. Participants were 1,249 male pilot candidates (COVID-19 before 613, during 636) were voluntarily participated. The data were gathered from totally 29 question's questionnaire at April 2018 and 2022. Statistical treatment was processed (by SPSS 21.0 for windows) as descriptive and two-way ANOVA for analyzing variables' interaction and main effects. The correlation analysis was processed for analyzing each variable's relations. And the multiple regression analysis was conducted for basic psychological needs' each variables' effect on life satisfaction. Statistical significancy was set as p<.05. The results were as follows. First, variables showed significances (p<.05~.01) by COVID-19 except life satisfaction and competence. Second, correlations showed higher R² value in 2018 than 2022 and significances (p<.05~.01) among all variables, but, passion of grit need to be inspected in subsequent study. Third, multiple regressions showed significancies (p<.05) in all variables in 2018, but, relatedness was excluded in 2022. In conclusion, experiencing COVID-19 period affected pilot candidates' life and it need to be inspected the degree of effect of variables in subsequent study.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.471-482
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• 2004

Purpose: This study intended to identify personality factors and related problematic behaviors of adolescents who drink alcohol in order to provide basic data for developing nursing programs. Methods: The data were collected from October to December 2002 from 1.080 high school students in Seoul. The Revised Cloninger's Tri-dimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) was used to measure their personalities. The alcohol expectancy was measured using the tool revised by Cho (1999) and stress levels were measure using a stress tool revised Cho (1998). The data were analyzed with SPSS Windows using Chi square test. independent t-test. and logistic regression analysis. Results: 1. The percentage of fathers who drank was 79.8%. mothers. 54.3%. and friends. 54.3%. The alcohol expectancy averaged 6.36 while the stress levels were 132.79. 2. It was found that there are significant differences (p<.001) in problematic drinking behaviors according to the following variables: second year high school students among all grade variables, more monthly pocket money for the amount of money variables, the group of students who smoked in the case of the variable related to smoking, spending more time using the Internet for the Internet use variable, and having friends who drink 65.6% for the friend variable. The alcohol expectancy scale of those students who showed problematic drinking behaviors was higher than that of those who did not. There are four family-related stress subscales, and there was a significant difference among them (p<.05). Among the personal characteristics, the group who displayed problematic drinking behaviors seeks new experiences and reward dependence more than the group who did not exhibit those behaviors, and there were significant differences between the two groups (p<.001). 3. When the socio-demographic and drinking-related factors were controlled, the tendency of seeking new experiences increased the risk of problematic behaviors 1.07 times (p<.05). Compared to the non smoking group, the smoking group was found to have a 5.06 time (p<.001) greater risk of displaying problematic drinking behaviors. In comparison with the non drinking group, the drinking group was also found to have a 5.31 time (p<.001) greater risk of exhibiting problematic drinking behaviors. The group with high alcohol expectancy scores was significantly different from the group with the no alcohol expectancy, showing a 1.26 time (p<.00l) greater risk of problematic drinking behaviors. Conclusions: Based on these results, the problematic drinking behaviors were connected with alcohol expectancies, friends and personality types. Therefore, we should develop an alcoholic prevention program for adolescence considering the above results.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.228-236
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of transformational leadership as perceived by nurses working in medical institutions on their work attitudes using psychological capital as a mediating variable. Subjects were 201 nurses working in three general hospitals located in Seoul with more than 300 beds, and SPSS Windows 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 were used for data analysis. As the results of the analysis, transformational leadership had direct effects on psychological capital (.68, p=.007), turnover intention (-.34, p=.008), and meaning of work (.11, p=.007), whereas psychological capital had direct effects on meaning of work (.26, p=.009) and turnover intention (-.07, p=.041). In addition, transformational leadership had indirect effects on turnover intention (-.05, p=.087) and meaning of work (.18, p=.004). The results of this study can be used as a base material in the development of programs to exert positive effects on nurses' work attitudes.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.17-25
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• 2013

Purpose - This study analyzes the effect of customers' perceived service innovativeness of service centers for electronic goods, on repurchase intentions of customers, using behavior intentions of service centers as a mediator variable. In customer management and customer relationship marketing, service centers can be the most representative customer relationship management departments because they are most closely placed at the interface with customers. In addition, this study intends to investigate if continuous relationship with customers during one-time product-selling can affect their repurchase intentions. Specifically, this research aims to investigate if the expansion of the saturated physical market of the manufacturing business, to intangible service markets, can be competitive enough to satisfy customer needs. Research design, data, and methodology - This study targets college students, and especially those who have computers, digital cameras, or cell-phones, and often use electronic products and services. In order to investigate our hypothesis, we analyzed dates through SEM (structural equation modeling) using SPSS for Windows 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. In addition, we measured Cronbach's α coefficient using SPSS for Windows 18.0 in order to measure reliability. Further, using AMOS 18.0, this research statistically measured convergent validity as well as discriminant validity, and examined mediation models and path models in which service innovativeness leads to customers' repurchase intentions of electronic products. Results - As a result, this research shows that customers' perceived service innovativeness of service centers for electronic goods has significant positive influence on customers' behavior intentions of service centers. In addition, service innovativeness of electronic goods' service centers also has significant positive influence on repurchase intentions of customers. Conclusion - This study investigates the effect of customers' positive relation with the innovativeness of electronic service center on their behavior intention and product repurchase. The more concrete, important results of the study are as follows. Through the mediating effect, the findings of the study suggest that customers' behavior intentions of service centers partially mediate the effect of customers'perceived service innovativeness of service centers for electronic goods on customers' repurchase intentions. This research also provides an insight that the importance of service innovativeness and innovative approaches in managing customers should be recognized in the process of repurchase and service roles of manufacturing business as a way for customer management. As a result, the relationship between customer satisfaction and service quality of service centers for the electronic products is very sensitive. Although previous studies focus on certain aspects of the case for enhancing service innovation (Kim, 2012), this research recommends that the service centers need to understand the customers'desire first and try to adapt to achieve customer satisfaction by being innovative. This innovativeness of service centers would make customers visit them consistently, which in the long run, will also influence their repurchase decisions.