• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

Companies must capture value for sustainable growth. Capturing value is a critical task for companies, particularly when operating own businesses and organizations or starting new business. The business strategy of many companies focuses on capturing the maximum value from customers and other stakeholders. Even though a wide range of studies on value creation and appropriation has been conducted in the strategic management field, most of studies are still conceptual and theoretical. Thus more empirical studies are required to suggest future-oriented value strategy. This study reveals the value creation and appropriation elements in the aviation industry of Korea. The purpose of this study is to understand the trend of value creation and appropriation in the industry. In addition, the relationship between the elements and firm's performance are tested. The firm's performance is defined by that past and future point of views. The sample were collected from Korean Air and Asiana Air. The empirical test shows that the elements of value creation-appropriation have significant impact on firm's performance. Further, the element of value appropriation to customer has a positive impact both on firm's past and future performance. Our results show that investors acknowledge a value-based strategy as a sign of stock valuation. The results of this test correspond with the earlier one, showing that maximizing customers value rather than shareholder value does deliver impressive returns. The finding suggest that companies need to change their strategy to efficiently manage performance. With the test results, we propose a value-based strategy to maximize firm's future financial and stock performance.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.530-544
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• 2022

Based on a follow-up study on critical fashion's strategies for object appropriation, this study aims to understand the appropriation of art as a social or cultural phenomenon influencing modern fashion, as well as to analyze and comprehend how to specifically approach the appropriation of critical fashion's letters through the appropriated interpretation. To explain the theoretical background of critical fashion's appropriated interpretation, it examined the related literature and data. Moreover, a fashion book-based literature review and a case study were conducted using sources, such as exhibition books, exhibited works, news, fashion magazines, and fashion sites, to examine letter appropriation strategies. In the critical fashion, the appropriation of subversive letters subverts meanings by providing experiences different from those based on real images of letters, which are displaceable. The appropriation of such subversive letters to challenge the value of modernism aims to subvert social value by bringing and relocating existing objects while focusing on their external forms. The appropriation of referential letters focuses on delineating the distance between the subjects who quote something and the quoted something and reprograms the existing letter objects with an introspective and reflective attitude. In other words, critical fashion designers can effectively express their messages through the appropriation of letters, such as graffiti and typography, which are manifestations of challenge or resistance. Appropriating letters as a creative action pursues unmarginalized humans who possess their existence.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1-15
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• 2019

Appropriation is of considerable significance in a cultural trend of thought, as one of the means of realizing the post-modernism period. With the increasing use of appropriation techniques in modern fashion, it is necessary to study the external performance and internal aesthetic value of appropriation in fashion. In the book of cultural appropriation, American scholar James o young divides into three categories of appropriation in culture, namely: object appropriation, content appropriation, and subject appropriation. Based on James O Young's three types of appropriation techniques summarized in the theory of the cultural appropriation, the purpose of this study is through the appropriation of the poncho of traditional Mexican clothing in modern fashion as an example; analyzing the external appropriation characteristics and internal aesthetic significance of different appropriation type. The results are as follows. First, designers take the Originality in modern fashion by expressing Mexican Poncho's form, color, pattern, and material as it is through object appropriation technique. Second, through the Mexican folk poncho's style, designers used these to show the similarity produced by content appropriation in modern fashion. Third, designers used the poncho's design concept or poncho's culture, blending the theme of the collection, adding different color, pattern or materials such as fur, lace, and wool, and presenting a new image different from folk costumes through creative subject appropriation technique.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.47-65
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• 2012

Appropriation is essential for innovators to succeed. Traditionally, among various appropriation mechanisms, patents and secrecy have received attention, and the differential role of patents has been highlighted according to different industries or sectors. These discussions give a rough idea, however, and do not yield concrete directives for strategies in the context of innovation management. This paper describes an analysis of the effect of a firm's position within the value chain and the objectives of innovative activities with appropriation mechanisms. Multivariate analysis of diverse appropriation mechanisms using Korean innovation survey data revealed a specific combination of mechanisms and significant determinants in the context of objectives of innovative activities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.26-39
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• 2016

Korea's main manufacturing industries, which have led its economy for the past three decades, are faced with a serious downturn and loss of competitive advantages due to the current economic depression, China's rise, and the drop of oil prices. Korean business firms must adopt the paradigm shift in their value strategies, along with a government-led industrial restructuring in order to gain sustainable competitive advantages. Business firms allocate their limited resources between value creation and value appropriation, however, what effect does strategic emphasis on value creation versus value appropriation have on a business firm's financial performance? This paper empirically addresses this issue by examining the effect of shifts in strategic emphasis on stock return. Furthermore, this study examines appropriate choices of strategic emphasis to gain differential financial performance. The data set used in this regression analysis comes from the KISLINE database of NICE Information Service. The variables that form the basis of this analysis are stock return, ROA, and Strategic Emphasis [(advertising expenditures-R&D expenditures)/assets]. The interactive effect with situational factors regarding the firm and the type of technological environment in which the firm is operating was also analyzed. Our results show that investors acknowledge a shift of strategic emphasis as a sign of stock valuation. In comparison to US, Korean business firms have weak value creation capabilities in high-technology industries, and weak value appropriation capabilities in low-technology industries. This proves Korean firms are fast followers in the global market. Our findings suggest that Korean firms have to adopt a balanced value strategy, nurturing value creation and developing value appropriation for overcoming the current economic downturn and becoming a first mover in the dawn of "Industry 4.0."

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.454-461
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• 2004

성과간에 차이가 발생하고 있다. 따라서 고객의 확보와 사용 확대를 통해 창출된 가치로부터 수익을 얻는 가치 전유(Value Appropriation)에 대한 전략적 관심이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구는 가치 전유 측면에서 인터넷 비즈니스의 성공 방안을 제시한다. 인터넷 비즈니스의 성공을 위해서는 더 많은 가치를 창출하는 것만으로는 부족하며, 동시에 그 가치의 더 많은 부분을 전유하는 것이 필수적이다. 인터넷 비즈니스에서 가치 전유의 특성을 분석하고 한국 포털 사업의 사례를 통하여 가치 전유의 방법을 도출한다. 인터넷 매체는 가치의 전유를 어렵게 하며, 특히 고객으로부터의 가치 전유가 매우 중요하다. 인터넷 비즈니스에서 가치 전유는 크게 '직접적인 유료화', '간접 수익의 확대', 그리고 '가치 창출에 고객의 참여 유도'의 측면에서 이루어지고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.141-163
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• 2001

This study was to analyse the meanings of the appropriation inherited in the modern costumes from the latter of the 20th century to the present. According to the dictionary, the meanings of a word. "appropriation" is to steal something, used in order to avoid saying this directly. The sorts of the appropriation represented in the works of Art was as follow : First. the reconstruction by the imitation of the works of a great master or partly induction of the works of a great master Second, the introduction by the history, modern art, the image of popular culture Third, the imitation by the works of photograph, etc The appropriation in the modern costumes could be distinguished as two facts : First, the appropriation of the image of popular culture, 1) the way by the induction of popular factors of the extremely routine, commonplace character 2) the way by the citation of critical sentence of society, complaint message of the situation of times. Second, the reinterpretation of the past works : 1) the way by the reinterpretation of a great artist′s works, or popular works. In accordance with its change of a standard of value of the beauty, the products of modern culture, called the artificial second image, that is, popular factor, ready made factor, a signboard, a trademark etc, was appropriated in modern costumes and was reinterpreted by the works of fashion designer′s empathy. We can say that the modern costumes is not only the products of creative, original action of fashion designers but also the mirror of times, having relationship with society.

• Plant Journal
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.36-40
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• 2016

At the contract for power plant construction, the penalty appropriation on performance decrease is signed between ordering organization and construction firm. In this, the penalty cost signed must be reasonable value that both of ordering organization and construction firm can accept, therefore the methodology for penalty appropriation is very important. Cogeneration is a system that produces electricity and heat at the same time, therefore the penalty appropriation for cogeneration should be uncertain. Thermoeconomics analyzes various energy costs, however the relation of thermoeconomics and penalty cost may not be analyzed up to now. The aim of this study demonstrates that thermoeconomics can be applied to the penalty appropriation at the performance acceptance test. As the result of CGAM system, if the construction cost is $10,000,000, the value of $6,665,688 was appropriated to the electricity production performance and the value of $3,334,312 was appropriated to the heat production performance. Therefore if one percentage at the electricity production performance decreases, the penalty is $6,666, and one percentage at the heat production performance decrease, we can understand that the penalty is $3,334.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.70-83
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• 2018

Korea's five leading industries-chemical, automobile, shipbuilding, metal and electronics-have been the growth engines of the Korean economy for the last 30 years. However, with their performance weakening in the past few years, Korea's annual growth rate has dropped to less than 2%. Just as the Japanese economy struggled through the lost decades, Korea's leading industries have been facing signals of arriving at a Strategic Inflection Point ("SIP") since the mid-2000s. The objective of this study is to present an appropriate value strategy for Korean firms in leading industries to gain sustainable competitive advantages. This paper examines the following issues : First, it diagnoses the signs and timing of SIP for the five leading industries. Second, this study examines 78 Korean and Japanese firms in order to understand the adaptation strategies of the highest and lowest performing firms from a value strategy point of view. Third, it empirically analyzes the correlation between the indicators of value strategy and the accounting performances of the Korean and Japanese firms. The data set used in the cluster analysis were collected from KISLINE database of NICE Information Service and annual reports. The findings in the case analyses of high and low performing companies show that high value-added specialty chemical materials and electronic component manufacturers that had a strong focus on value creation were defined as high performing companies. And in the cosmetic and automobile industries, companies with a strong emphasis on value appropriation gained high performance. Furthermore, the study conducted a cluster analysis based on two indicators R&D and advertisement expense. The analysis shows that a significant gap exists in the operating incomes among three groups classified under the value strategy. The study recommends that Korean firms are requested to increase R&D expenditure, conduct M&A and collaborate with companies that own source technologies to narrow the technology gap and improve their segment portfolio from commodity to value-added products.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.61-95
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• 2007

Small-and-medium sized enterprises(SMEs) represent quite a large proportion of the industry as a whole in terms of the number of enterprises or employees. However researches on information system so far have focused on large companies, probably because SMEs were not so active in introducing information systems as larger enterprises. SMEs are now increasingly bringing in information systems such as ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning Systems) and some of the companies already entered the stage of ongoing use. Accordingly, researches should deal with the use of information systems by SME s operating under different conditions from large companies. This study examined factors and mechanism inducing faithful appropriation of information systems, in particular integrative systems such as ERP, in view of individuals` active feedback-seeking behavior. There are three factors expected to affect end users` feedback-seeking behavior for faithful appropriation of information systems. They are management support, peer IT champ support, and IT staff support. The main focus of the study is on how these factors affect feedback-seeking behavior and whether the feedback-seeking behavior plays the role of mediator for realizing faithful appropriation of information systems by end users. To examine the research model and the hypotheses, this study employed an empirical method based on a field survey. The survey used measurements mostly employed and verified by previous researches, while some of the measurements had gone through minor modifications for the purpose of the study. The survey respondents are individual employees of SMEs that have been using ERP for one year or longer. To prevent common method bias, Task-Technology Fit items used as the control variable were made to be answered by different respondents. In total, 127 pairs of valid questionnaires were collected and used for the analysis. The PLS(Partial Least Squares) approach to structural equation modeling(PLS-Graph v.3.0) was used as our data analysis strategy because of its ability to model both formative and reflective latent constructs under small-and medium-size samples. The analysis shows Reliability, Construct Validity and Discriminant Validity are appropriate. The path analysis results are as follows; first, the more there is peer IT champ support, the more the end user is likely to show feedback-seeking behavior(path-coefficient=0.230, t=2.28, p<0.05). In other words, if colleagues proficient in information system use recognize the importance of their help, pass on what they have found to be an effective way of using the system or correct others' misuse, ordinary end users will be able to seek feedback on the faithfulness of their appropriation of information system without hesitation, because they know the convenience of getting help. Second, management support encourages ordinary end users to seek more feedback(path-coefficient=0.271, t=3.06, p<0.01) by affecting the end users' perceived value of feedback(path-coefficient=0.401, t=6.01, p<0.01). Management support is far more influential than other factors that when the management of an SME well understands the benefit of ERP, promotes its faithful appropriation and pays attention to employees' satisfaction with the system, employees will make deliberate efforts for faithful appropriation of the system. However, the third factor, IT staff support was found not to be conducive to feedback-seeking behavior from end users(path-coefficient=0.174, t=1.83). This is partly attributable to the fundamental reason that there is little support for end users from IT staff in SMEs. Even when IT staff provides support, end users may find it less important than that from coworkers more familiar with the end users' job. Meanwhile, the more end users seek feedback and attempt to find ways of faithful appropriation of information systems, the more likely the users will be able to deploy the system according to the purpose the system was originally meant for(path-coefficient=0.35, t=2.88, p<0.01). Finally, the mediation effect analysis confirmed the mediation effect of feedback-seeking behavior. By confirming the mediation effect of feedback-seeking behavior, this study draws attention to the importance of feedback-seeking behavior that has long been overlooked in research about information system use. This study also explores the factors that promote feedback-seeking behavior which in result could affect end user`s faithful appropriation of information systems. In addition, this study provides insight about which inducements or resources SMEs should offer to promote individual users' feedback-seeking behavior when formal and sufficient support from IT staff or an outside information system provider is hardly expected. As the study results show, under the business environment of SMEs, help from skilled colleagues and the management plays a critical role. Therefore, SMEs should seriously consider how to utilize skilled peer information system users, while the management should pay keen attention to end users and support them to make the most of information systems.